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Biomedical subjects

P Tornetta

Publications and source records attributed to P Tornetta.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

Severe heterotopic bone formation in the knee after tibial intramedullary nailing.

The case of a 48-year-old man who developed severe heterotopic bone within and under his patella tendon after closed intramedullary (IM) nailing of his tibia is reported. The patient had a concomitant closed head injury at the time of his tibia fracture. The tibial nailing was done through a patella tendon splitting approach. The patella tendon splitting approach may predispose patients to clinically significant heterotopic bone. Approaches medial or lateral to the tendon are recommended, particularly in patients at risk for heterotopic bone formation.

Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary↗

The treatment of femoral shaft fractures using intramedullary interlocked nails with and without intramedullary reaming: a preliminary report.

OBJECTIVE: To compare operative and postoperative variables in the treatment of femur fractures using interlocked intramedullary nails with and without reaming. DESIGN: Prospective and randomized. METHODS: 81 consecutive patients with femur fractures treated with a stainless steel statically locked intramedullary nail. Whether or not reaming was done was randomized. There were 42 nails placed without reaming and 39 placed with reaming. There were no demographic differences between the two groups. Intraoperative and postoperative variables were studied. Interval healing was assessed by one observer on bimonthly radiographs. RESULTS: There were more intraoperative technical complications in the group without reaming. There was no statistical difference in operative time, transfusion requirement, or time to union between the groups. In the reamed group callus formation occurred faster and there was slightly more blood loss (247 cc vs. 396 cc) (p < 0.05). However, when distal fractures were analyzed separately, the time to union was faster in the reamed group (< 0.05). Two patients in the unreamed group and none in the reamed group developed delayed unions. Pulmonary complications occurred in two patients, one in each group and did not appear to be related to the nailing. CONCLUSION: Reamed canal preparation led to faster healing of distal fractures treated with statically locked intramedullary nails. Blood loss was greater in the reamed group but this did not translate into increased transfusion requirements. In this series, there was no advantage to nail insertion without reaming.

Adolescent↗

Publication rates for the scientific sessions of the OTA. Orthopaedic Trauma Association.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the publication rate of the scientific papers presented at the Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) meetings from 1990 to 1995 inclusive. DESIGN: A Medline search was performed on abstracts presented at the OTA sessions from 1990 through 1995 using both authors and key text words within the OTA abstract. The publication rate for each meeting, journal of publication, and time to publication were tabulated. RESULTS: The publication rate for papers presented at the OTA meetings from 1990 through 1994 was 64 percent. This was significantly better than publication rates reported for American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) meetings in 1990 through 1992. The average time to publication was sixteen months. The most common journals in which papers derived from the OTA abstracts were published include the Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma (JOT), Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery combined volumes (JBJS). and Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research (CORR). CONCLUSION: OTA meetings are an excellent source of high-quality information, which is generally subsequently published in peer-reviewed journals. The Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma is the single best source for information presented at the OTA meetings. Allowing more papers to be presented did not affect the publication rate for the meetings.

Humans↗

The Essex-Lopresti reduction for calcaneal fractures revisited.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the reduction and outcome of selected intraarticular calcaneal fractures treated with percutaneous Essex-Lopresti reduction and fixation. DESIGN: Prospective consecutive series. SETTING: Level one trauma center and tertiary university hospital. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-six consecutive patients with an Essex-Lopresti tongue-type, Sanders type 2C calcaneus fracture. INTERVENTION: Modified percutaneous Essex-Lopresti type spike reduction and fixation of the posterior facet. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Clinical and radiographic analysis. METHODS: Twenty-six consecutive patients with calcaneal fractures meeting the criteria had an attempted percutaneous reduction performed under fluoroscopic control with the patient in the lateral position. Twenty-three of the twenty-six feet had an acceptable reduction, and the remaining three were treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). The first seventeen cases were stabilized by two Steinmann pins, which were removed at ten to twelve weeks. The last six cases were fixed with two cannulated 6.5-millimeter screws, which were left in place. Early motion was encouraged in all cases RESULTS: Of the twenty-three patients with an acceptable reduction, twenty had no angulation between the posterior facet of the talus and the calcaneus and three had <5 degrees. The tuberosity reduction was <5 degrees in seventeen cases and <10 degrees in all cases. The calcaneal height was restored to normal in twenty cases, and the width (axial view) averaged 119 percent of the contralateral side. Follow-up averaged 2.9 years. Using the Maryland foot score there were twelve (55 percent) excellent, seven (32 percent) good, and three (13 percent) fair results. CONCLUSIONS: The Essex-Lopresti spike reduction is a useful method for the treatment of tongue-type Sanders type 2C fractures of the calcaneus. Results are superior to those in previous series of intraarticular fractures treated with ORIF.

Adolescent↗

Tension wire position for hybrid external fixation of the proximal tibia.

OBJECTIVE: To compare a new configuration of proximal wires for hybrid external fixation with the standard configuration. DESIGN: Biomechanical testing of five matched pairs of fresh cadaveric tibia. INTERVENTION: The authors compared the standard tension wire configuration of the three proximal wires with a more sagittal orientation of the oblique wires. A second study compared the new configuration with two wires and an offset half-pin. A two-centimeter segmental defect was created just distal to the tibial tubercle and the tibias fixed in a Montecelli Spinelli (Howmedica, NJ, U.S.A.) hybrid frame. The constructs were biomechanically tested using an Instron servohydraulic biaxial testing machine. RESULTS: There was a significant 67 percent decrease in displacement during anterior posterior bending and a significant 40 percent decrease in displacement in posterior bending with the new configuration compared with the standard configuration (p < 0.05). The differences in stability in all other testing modes were not significant. There was no significant difference between the new configuration and the two wire and off-set half-pin configuration. CONCLUSION: We recommend anterior placement of the oblique tension wires in the proximal tibia to more effectively resist bending in the sagittal plane, which is the most common deforming force on proximal metaphyseal fractures.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗

Tibial portal placement: the radiographic correlate of the anatomic safe zone.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the radiographic correlate of the anatomic safe zone for tibial portal placement. DESIGN: Cadaveric, anatomic, and radiographic study using twenty cadaveric knees. Kirschner wires were placed in the anatomic safe zone. Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs were taken to evaluate the portal placement. SETTING: Anatomy laboratory. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Radiographic measurements of Kirschner wires placed in the anatomic safe zone. RESULTS: The safe zone for tibial nail placement as seen on radiographs is just medial to the lateral tibial spine on the anteroposterior radiograph and immediately adjacent and anterior to the articular surface as visualized on the lateral radiograph. There is some variance on the anteroposterior radiograph but no variance on the lateral radiograph. CONCLUSIONS: The placement of tibial nails in the superior portion of the tibia in the documented position generates the least risk to the intraarticular structures of the knee.

Bone Nails↗

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis in black children: incidence of chondrolysis.

The risk of chondrolysis and avascular necrosis (AVN) in black children treated for slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is controversial. A retrospective study was conducted of 29 black patients (44 hips) treated for SCFE at Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, to evaluate our own experience. All patients were treated with in situ pinning. The overall rates of chondrolysis and AVN were 6.8 and 4.5%, respectively. Fifty-two percent of patients had bilateral SCFE. Obesity was extremely common and correlated significantly with bilateral disease. Obesity did not correlate directly with a higher incidence of chondrolysis or AVN. Adherence to technical details described should reduce complications further.

Black People↗

Clubfeet and tarsal coalition.

Tarsal coalition was noted in 18 cases of rigid equinovarus deformity. Sixteen cases were encountered at surgery and two at morbid dissection. There were 14 patients in the series; six had associated pathologic conditions that might have caused their clubfeet to be deemed "teratologic," whereas eight did not and were considered to have congenital clubfeet. Four patients in the series had bilateral coalitions. Preoperative radiographs demonstrated the coalition in only one case. A presurgical magnetic resonance image (MRI) clearly showed the coalition in another case. Nonoperative treatment was unsuccessful. Two patients with tibial dysplasia had ankle disarticulations. The remaining 16 feet required extensive soft-tissue releases, internal fixation, and coalition excision. The vast majority of cases showed cartilaginous subtalar coalition at the medial facet. The patients were followed for an average of 6 years, and two recurrences were noted. Remaining feet were painless and plantargrade, but were rather stiff. This anomaly may be more common than previously described. It is usually not suspected preoperatively and may likewise be difficult to recognize at surgery. A preoperative MRI scan may also be helpful.

Amputation, Surgical↗

Displaced acetabular fractures: indications for operative and nonoperative management.

Displaced acetabular fractures are a challenging problem. In contradistinction to most conditions in which surgery is based on specific operative indications, displaced acetabular fractures should be considered an operative problem unless specific criteria for nonoperative management are met. These include a congruent hip joint on the anteroposterior and oblique (Judet) radiographs, an intact weight-bearing surface (as defined by roof arc and subchondral arc measurements on computed tomographic scans), and a stable joint. The final decision about the treatment method must also consider the patients functional demands, expectations, and physical condition and the physicians experience and institutional support for dealing with this type of injury. Displaced both-column fractures with secondary congruence may have better results than other displaced fractures. In older patients, nonoperative management may be effectively utilized. Understanding the current criteria for effective use of nonoperative treatment will help the surgeon make these difficult decisions.

Acetabulum↗