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Biomedical subjects

P Sutcliffe

Publications and source records attributed to P Sutcliffe.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The prevalence of dental anxiety in a group of 13- and 14-year-old Scottish children.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental anxiety reported by a group of 13- and 14-year-old children, and to explore the relationships between dental anxiety and general fear, social class, gender, size of family, length of time since the last dental appointment, and the number of people known by the child to be afraid of visiting the dentist. A group of 1103 children from eight schools took part in the study, which was completed in 1989. The children (mean age 14.0 years, SD 0.35) completed a structured questionnaire containing the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (CDAS) and the Geer Fear Scale (GFS). The prevalence of high dental anxiety (CDAS greater than = 15) was 7.1%. High dental anxiety was associated with gender (girls having higher levels of anxiety than boys) and with social class as defined by father's occupation (lower social class groups having higher dental anxiety). Injection was the dental procedure most highly correlated with CDAS in children with a high dental anxiety, closely followed by 'drilling' and 'tooth scaling'. A high level of general fear (GFS) was associated with a high level of dental anxiety. Despite this, 64% of those with high dental anxiety had a low general fear. Two factors were useful predictors of high dental anxiety: the length of time since the last visit to the dentist and the number of people known by the child to be afraid of going to the dentist.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Comparative study of oral health status between Scottish and Japanese schoolchildren aged 6-11 years.

This study was carried out to examine and compare the differences in oral health status between Scottish (Fife) and Japanese (Motoyoshi) primary schoolchildren, and also to analyse some factors concerned with the differences found. It was observed that caries experience is higher in Motoyoshi than in Fife, despite Fife schoolchildren having poorer oral cleanliness and consuming snacks more frequently. However, Fife children had more fissure sealants and brushed their teeth more frequently with fluoridated dentifrice than did Motoyoshi children. The sugar content of snacks consumed by Motoyoshi children was higher than that of the Scots. Gingivitis (PMA positive rate) was higher in Fife than in Motoyoshi, and it was also noted that Fife children were less independent than Motoyoshi children in their daily behaviour.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1992

Dental caries experience and prevalence of children afraid of dental treatment.

The aim of this study was to examine the clinical outcome with regard to dental caries of high self reported dental anxiety in a group of Scottish secondary schoolchildren. 1103 children participated in the study, mean age 14 yr (sd 0.35 yr), and the prevalence of high dental anxiety was 7.1% (95% CI = 5.6%, 8.6%). When these children were compared with their contemporaries their DMFT and all its components were higher but only the mean MT reached statistical significance after adjusting for gender and social class. Children with a high dental anxiety were 62% more likely to have at least 1 missing tooth due to caries. In addition this group when compared to the rest of the study population, had a significantly lower mean number of teeth fissure sealed and a lower proportion of children with sealants. No similar trend was obvious for children who had a high general fear. The dentally anxious more accurately perceived their treatment need and were more likely to defer, cancel or not turn up for dental appointments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Preventive oral health related behaviour of dentally anxious schoolchildren aged 13-14 years in Lothian, Scotland.

The aim of this study was to determine the self-reported preventive oral health related behaviours of dentally anxious schoolchildren. 1103 children participated in the study, mean age 14 years (SD 0.35 years), and the prevalence of high dental anxiety was 7.1 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval = 5.6 per cent, 8.6 per cent). Children with high self reported dental anxiety were more likely to defer, cancel and or not attend dental appointments. In addition, for this group the last dental visit was more likely to be as a result of pain and less likely to have been for a dental examination only. Overall dentally anxious children did not help themselves by keeping their teeth clean. Fluorides were infrequently used by all the children, and only 12 per cent of all who participated in the study used fluoride supplements regularly. In this context it is not surprising that no differences in present or past use of fluoride supplements could be determined between high and low/moderate dental anxiety groups. The high dental anxiety group spend significantly more (median = 50p) on sweets per day and drank more cans of fizzy drinks (median = 2) compared with the low/moderate anxiety groups. These effects were significant after taking into account social class and gender differences. It was clear from the study that even when social class and gender are taken into account the children with high dental anxiety were not helped by their relatively poor attitudes towards preventing disease in their own mouths.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Dental health related behaviour of Scottish and English secondary schoolchildren.

The purpose of this investigation was to compare the dental health related behaviour of groups of 13-14-year-old English and Scottish schoolchildren, in order to explain the differences in caries experience demonstrated by the 1983 national children's dental health survey. The data-bank of health-reported behaviour of schoolchildren in the United Kingdom held by the Schools Health Education Unit (SHEU), Exeter University was used. Seventy-four secondary schools in England and 8 secondary schools in Scotland participated in the study. The information obtained from the questionnaires of 2283 children in England and 259 children in Scotland was examined. The daily intake of sweets, sugary fizzy drinks and a 'sugary' carbohydrate index were analysed from a 24-hour recall dietary record. There was a general consistency between the findings from the SHEU data and the 1983 United Kingdom children dental health survey (Todd & Dodd 1985) with regard to toothbrushing behaviour and dental attendance. Therefore, as dietary information was not gathered in the 1983 survey, exploration of the SHEU data bank allowed a comparison of the dietary habits between Scottish and English schoolchildren. Scottish schoolchildren consumed more sugar-containing items than English schoolchildren. Children from lower social groups in both countries consumed more sugar; however, the major dietary difference between the two countries was not in the mean number of sweets consumed or the daily sugary carbohydrate index, but in the mean number of sugary fizzy drinks consumed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Caries experience and oral cleanliness of 3- and 4-year-old children from deprived and non-deprived areas in Edinburgh, Scotland.

Caries experience and oral cleanliness were measured in 1,453 3- and 4-year-old Edinburgh nursery schoolchildren living in areas of multiple urban deprivation and of non-deprivation in the city of Edinburgh. Children with poor oral cleanliness had a mean dmf value of 3.6 teeth compared with 1.6 teeth in those with good oral cleanliness. The greatest relative increases in caries experience were seen in the incisor and canine teeth and upon the occlusal and approximal surfaces. Children living in deprived city areas had a mean dmf value of 3.0 teeth compared with 2.0 teeth in those from non-deprived areas. This difference in caries experience was partially accounted for by the different standards of oral cleanliness found between the deprived and non-deprived areas. In the deprived areas there was a trend towards a high caries experience which was independent of the standard of oral cleanliness. The children were in considerable need of dental care. Only 23 percent of dmf teeth had been either extracted or restored.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1976

A 2-year retrospective study of demand for dental care from Scottish school leavers.

After leaving school young adults in the United Kingdom are no longer eligible to receive care from the School Dental Service. Patients who have previously been treated by the Service are obliged to seek care elsewhere. The aim of the study was to see how effectively a group of Scottish school leavers coped with the change. The study population was 912 school leavers. The method depended upon a retrospective study of clinical records relating to the year before leaving school and the following year. During the last year at school, 48% of the subjects received treatment from three sources: 30% were treated by a general practitioner, 19% by the school service and 2% by the hospital service. During the 2nd year of the study, 69% of those who had earlier been treated by a general practitioner again requested dental care compared with only 40% of those who had earlier been treated by the school service and 30% of those who had not sought dental care during their last year at school. Recommendations are made for encouraging an increased demand for care from those who have formerly been treated by the school service.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incidence and prevalence of end-stage renal disease among Ontario's James Bay Cree.

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) and chronic renal failure (CRF) among Canadian natives is more common than among the general Canadian population. The results of this study show the James Bay Cree in Northern Ontario in 1989 experienced ESRD prevalence rates 3.2 times greater than the national rate. The average annual incidence rates for 1981-1989 were 1.6 times the national rate. Methodological difficulties inherent in incidence and prevalence studies of native Canadians are examined. With tertiary treatment care facilities available only in southern urban centres, native Canadians in remote northern communities face considerable psychosocial disruption when seeking out medical assistance for ESRD such as renal dialysis services.

Canada↗