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Biomedical subjects

P Suresh

Publications and source records attributed to P Suresh.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Effect of respiratory infection on tissue riboflavin and flavin enzymes in mice.

The effects of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection on red blood cell and liver riboflavin levels and a few flavin enzymes were examined to verify our earlier hypothesis based on human experience that upper respiratory infections result in mobilization of riboflavin from tissues into blood, resulting in a rise in red blood cell riboflavin and an increased saturation of erythrocyte glutathione reductase (EGR) with its coenzyme flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD; reduction in EGR activation coefficient, AC, values). Thirty-six-day-old male mice fed a diet marginally sufficient in riboflavin were injected with a single sublethal dose of K. pneumoniae. Batches of control, deficient infected and deficient uninfected animals were killed during the peak period of infection and after recovery. Infection brought about a significant rise in basal EGR activity due to greater saturation with coenzyme FAD and a concomitant reduction in EGR-AC values. On recovery, basal EGR activity decreased, and EGR-AC values increased to levels beyond control values, suggesting riboflavin deficiency. In the liver, acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase showed a significant decrease and pyridoxamine-phosphate oxidase activity a significant increase. Both the enzymes normalized after recovery. D-amino acid oxidase activity did not change.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1984

Increased renal parenchymal accumulation of Tc-99m HDP in kidney contusion.

Unilateral focal areas of intense, increased renal uptake of Tc-99m oxidronate sodium (technetium-99m HDP) were incidentally detected in the bone scan of a female patient who subsequently gave a history of recent trauma to her flank. Increased renal parenchymal uptake of Tc-99m HDP in this patient was thought to be due to kidney contusion. The case is interesting in itself and for its possible implications regarding the use of radio-labeled phosphate compounds for detection of renal contusion.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chemokines and chemokine receptors in HIV infection: role in pathogenesis and therapeutics.

Chemokines are known to function as regulatory molecules in leukocyte maturation, traffic, homing of lymphocytes and in the development of lymphoid tissues. Besides these functions in the immune system, certain chemokines and their receptors are involved in HIV pathogenesis. In order to infect a target cell, the HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 has to interact with the cellular receptor CD-4 and co-receptor, CC or CXC chemokine receptors. Genetic findings have yielded major insights into the in vivo roles of individual co-receptors and their ligands in providing resistance to HIV infection. Mutations in chemokine receptor genes are associated with protection against HIV infections and also involved in delayed progression to AIDS in infected individuals. Blocking of chemokine receptors interrupts HIV infection in vitro and this offers new options for therapeutic strategies. Approaches have been made to study the CCR-5 inhibitors as antiviral therapies and possibly as components of a topical microbicide to prevent HIV-1 sexual transmission. Immune strategies aimed at generating anti-CCR-5 antibodies at the level of the genital mucosa might be feasible and represent a strategy to induce mucosal HIV- protective immunity. It also remains to be seen how these types of agents will act in synergy with existing HIV-1 targeted anti viral or those currently in developments. Beyond providing new perspectives in fundamental aspects of the HIV-1 transmission and pathogenesis, chemokines and their receptors suggest new areas for developing novel therapeutic and preventive strategies against HIV infections. Studies in this review were identified through a search for relevant literature in the pubmed database of the national library of medicine. In this review, some developments in chemokine research with particular focus on their roles in HIV pathogenesis, resistance and therapeutic applications have been discussed.

CCR5 Receptor Antagonists↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A time-course study of the transfer of immunoglobulin G from blood to tracheal and lacrimal secretions in young turkeys.

Three-week-old turkeys were injected intravenously with Bordetella avium-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), and absorbance readings were measured in blood, tracheal washings, and lacrimal secretions using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at various time intervals. IgG was detected in tracheal and lacrimal secretions as early as 5 minutes after injection and peaked at 10 minutes after injection. Thereafter, IgG absorbance declined rapidly, reaching background levels by 24 hours. The absorbance readings of IgG in all three sites were comparable at all times from 10 minutes to 24 hours after administration. The results indicated that movement of IgG from blood to mucosal surfaces in turkeys occurs rapidly.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mucosal and systemic humoral immune response to Bordetella avium in experimentally infected turkeys.

Antibody response to Bordetella avium was measured in serum and mucosal secretions of experimentally infected turkeys. Two-day-old turkeys were inoculated with B. avium, and four inoculated turkeys and four uninoculated control birds per trial were euthanatized weekly from 1 through 8 weeks postinoculation (PI). Maternal antibody of the IgG isotype, present in all 2-day-old birds sampled, decreased to background levels by 3 weeks of age. Antibody (IgG, IgM, IgA) was detected in serum, tracheal washings, and lacrimal secretions in response to B. avium infection. Regardless of the sample site and isotype, antibody levels peaked at 4-6 weeks PI and then decreased rapidly from 6 to 8 weeks PI. In general, IgM and IgA levels peaked earlier (4-5 weeks PI) but declined more rapidly than IgG levels. Numbers of B. avium in the trachea peaked at 2-3 weeks PI and then decreased rapidly from 4 to 8 weeks PI. Even though no direct causal relationship could be determined, the results indicate that an increasing level of antibody in serum, tracheal washings, and lacrimal secretions is temporally associated with clearance of B. avium from the trachea.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A monoclonal antibody-based latex bead agglutination test for the detection of Bordetella avium.

The purpose of this study was to develop a rapid method to distinguish Bordetella avium from closely related Bordetella avium-like and B. bronchiseptica bacteria. A monoclonal antibody of the IgM isotype was produced in Balb/c mice against live B. avium strain 75. The monoclonal antibody, in the form of ascites fluid, was added to a bovine serum albumin-glycine buffer (pH 8.6) and adsorbed to 3.03-microns-diameter latex beads. Optimum concentrations of antibody, beads, and bacteria were determined. The latex bead conjugate was tested against 40 isolates of B. avium, 24 isolates of B. avium-like bacteria, 17 isolates of B. bronchiseptica, two isolates of Alcaligenes faecalis, and several other common genera. Strong agglutination occurred with all B. avium isolates and the two isolates of A. faecalis. Weak agglutination occurred with Staphylococcus aureus and two isolates of B. bronchiseptica. There was no agglutination with any of the B. avium-like isolates. The latex bead agglutination test may be useful as an aid in the identification of B. avium when used in conjunction with other criteria.

Alcaligenes↗