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Biomedical subjects

P Strippoli

Publications and source records attributed to P Strippoli.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Netilmicin pharmacokinetics in uremic patients undergoing hemodialysis.

The pharmacokinetics of netilmicin after i.v. administration were studied in 10 adult hemodialyzed patients during and after a dialysis session. The mean interdialysis half-life was 49.6 h, whereas during dialysis this value was reduced to 5.02 h. The mean volume of distribution of netilmicin was about 20% of the total body weight. The dialyzer clearance of netilmicin, measured at 60 and 150 min after the beginning of the session, was about 50 ml/min; this means that 60-65% of the drug may be lost during the 4.5 h standard dialysis. The total body clearance of netilmicin was similar to the dialyzer clearance values, suggesting that the drug is eliminated almost entirely by hemodialysis and that its renal elimination in our patients is negligible. In conclusion, in uremic hemodialyzed patients netilmicin behaves like other aminoglycosides.

Half-Life↗
PubMed1984

Dialysis treatment of insulin dependent diabetic patients: ten years experience.

From January 1973 to March 1983, 108 IDD patients with a mean age of 46 years were accepted to the dialysis program of the Hôpital de la Pitié. Since January 1973, 67 patients have been treated by hemodialysis. Since August 1978, 38 patients have been treated by CAPD. Three patients have been treated by intermittent peritoneal dialysis. Although diabetic patients remain at a higher risk compared to patients of the same age group, very encouraging results are observed including a 75% survival rate at three years among hemodialyzed patients less than 50 years old. Since 1978, CAPD, when home dialysis was possible, was selected as a first choice treatment. Some severe peritoneal complications still jeopardize the advantages of this method. Diabetics with ESRD, even in the older age group, should not be excluded from treatment. They should be offered within an integrated program all dialysis methods and transplantation.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lack of mutations of type 1 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene in patients with abdominal obesity.

There is increasing evidence that in human obesity, particularly the abdominal phenotype, the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is disregulated. At least two distinct alterations have been reported: one is characterized by several neuroendocrine abnormalities and hyperresponsiveness of the HPA axis to different neuropeptides, the other is characterized by elevated cortisol traffic and probably by supranormal cortisol production. The 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11beta-HSD) enzymes interconvert cortisol and cortisone in human. Two different isoforms have been identified. A possible modification of the activity of the enzyme 11beta-HSD1 in subjects with abdominal obesity has been described in the literature. We decided to test the hypothesis that mutated isoforms of type 11beta-HSD1 protein could be responsible for alterations of cortisol metabolism in patients with abdominal obesity. A mutational screening of the whole coding sequence and exon-flanking regions of the 11B-HSD1 gene has been performed in 8 patients. The main results of our study are the exclusion of a common association of 11beta-HSD1 mutations to obesity and the identification of two novel allelic variants for the gene 11beta-HSD1 in the Italian population, not previously described in any database.

11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Follow-up of reverse dextrose clearances in patients undergoing CAPD.

Three hundred eighty-eight sequential reverse dextrose clearances (RDC) have been performed in 61 unselected patients (12 of whom were diabetics), whose mean age was 54 years (30-79). They were treated for a mean time of 23 +/- 12 months (0-60); the total observation time was 1,440 months. One hundred forty-two episodes of peritonitis were registered, producing a peritonitis incidence of 1 episode per 10.2 patient months. The RDC values are significantly inversely related to dwell-time and show a tendency to increase over time; they never, however, reach statistical significance. Age of patients, episodes of peritonitis and primary renal disease (diabetes) had no influence. It is important to underline the significant inverse relationship between ultrafiltration and residual diuresis. Unknown mechanisms regulate this relationship.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retinoic acid modulates stem cell factor secretion by human neuroblastoma cell lines.

The hemopoietin stem cell factor (SCF) and its receptor c-kit are expressed in some tumoral cells, including neuroblastoma (NB) cells. We have investigated the effect of retinoic acid (RA), one of the most active differentiating agents on human NB cells, on the SCF production by human neuroblastoma cell lines. SCF concentration was determined by immunoenzymatic assay in the supernatants of seven neuroblastoma cell lines. All cell lines except one showed detectable amounts of SCF in the supernatant in basal culture conditions. A progressive increase pattern of the SCF concentration over time, was common to all SCF secreting cell lines, both unstimulated and RA-stimulated. Moreover, after 48 and 72 hours-exposure to RA, SCF concentrations were higher than in the untreated controls (p < 0.01). Membrane SCF mRNA isoform was also detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. These effects demonstrated that RA, besides inducing neuronal differentiation, enhanced SCF production in neuroblastoma cell lines.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of phosphatidylcholine on ultrafiltration and solute transfer in CAPD patients.

Fifteen patients (mean age 59.9 +/- 16.1 years) treated by CAPD for a mean of 21.6 +/- 14 months, underwent peritoneal clearances before and after 15 days of intraperitoneal phosphatidylcholine (PC) treatment (50 mg/L). No difference was observed in urea, creatinine, uric acid, and reverse dextrose clearances. A statistically significant increase in phosphate clearances (4 and 6 hr dwell times) (1.36%) and a reduction in drainage volume (2 hr dwell time) (1.36%) were observed after treatment. Urine output and percent dextrose reabsorption were unchanged. The ultrafiltration (UF) showed a tendency to increase, which lasted for 15 days after discontinuation of treatment. This tendency allowed the patients to reduce, during the same period, the amount of hypertonic solution (23.8 L vs. 21.3 L) required. The tendency to increase UF over time deserves further study.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Peritoneal clearances. Long-term study.

To investigate if age of patients, time on CAPD, episodes of peritonitis, or systemic illness (diabetes) may affect the permeability of the peritoneal membrane to small solutes, 51 patients (eight diabetic) 57.2 +/- 9.4 years of age undergoing long-term CAPD were enrolled in a prospective study of peritoneal clearances (PC), started in January 1982. The studies were repeated, when possible, every 6 months after peritonitis episodes. The results were divided according to osmolality of solutions and dwell time. The age of patients had no influence on results. Significantly positive correlations were found between PC (1.36%) of creatinine, uric acid, phosphate, and time on CAPD. Uric acid PC (3.86%) correlated directly with time on CAPD. The PC in diabetic and nondiabetic patients were similar. Patients who had more than three episodes of peritonitis showed PC similar to those observed in patients who had less than three episodes, despite a longer time on CAPD. The stability of PC in patients undergoing long-term peritoneal dialysis suggests that CAPD may permit effective dialysis over many years.

Adult↗