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Biomedical subjects

P Strauss

Publications and source records attributed to P Strauss.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Hearing results following tympanoplasty (author's transl)].

Tympanoplasty can produce a stable hearing improvement in many patients with chronically inflamed ears. In our series of patients, severe damage to the inner ear following surgery occurred in 3% patients and was associated with a hearing loss of greater than 15 dB. Complete hearing loss occurred in 0.2% of the patients reviewed. In patients with an intact ossicular chain, simple myringoplasty is associated with the best results. Loss of the stapedial arches affects the postoperative air-bone gap most significantly, while loss of the manubrium mallei or the creation of a radical mastoid cavity are additional negative factors. Extent or localization of ossicular fixation has no direct influence on hearing results when appropriate ossicular reconstruction is performed.

Cochlear Implants↗
PubMed1979

[Preserved human cartilage grafts and autogenous viable transplants for nose and middle ear (author's transl)].

57% of the preserved human cartilage chips being implanted in the nose lead to a remarkable up to a complete resorption. 94% of the patients have nevertheless a sufficiently or well working function of the nose; besides that they are as well satisfied with the shape of their nose. The most important reason for the resorption are mechanical factors; this has been shown by comparing the load of implanted tissue on the columella and on the dorsum of the nose. We can't exclude the possibility of late immunologic reaction. Comparing these results with those of the middle ear by missing any mechanical load, we registered nevertheless a remarkable loss of the volume of the cartilage. This is an intense indication for an immunologic reaction, especially because there is a more intense vascularisation in the middle ear and a strong activity of fibroblasts based on the mesenchymal potency of middle ear mucosa. It's only in the middle ear that preserved cartilage can be substituted by connective tissue, viable cartilage or viable bone.

Cartilage↗
PubMed1979

[A caloric vestibular test with increased positive evidence (author's transl)].

A decrease of the variance of a caloric test would increase the importance of the statement of this test. An important source of variance are the differences concerning the timecourse of the induced heat wave, determined by the different anatomic conditions in the petrous bone, particularly the pneumatisation. A constant temperature gradient is obtained by the irigation in a pessimum position with the head flexed 30 degrees to the front. This temperature gradient evokes immediately a constant maximum vestibular stimulus after having reflected the head 90 degrees to the back. Comparing this new method with the traditional irrigation, one can state an important reduction of variance. The dependence of the nystagumus response on caloric irrigation of the petrous bone demands a X-ray-examination according to the technique of Schüller before starting with the caloric examination. In case of differences between the right and left sides the described test would be necessary in our opinion.

Caloric Tests↗
PubMed1979

[Comparison of the results of incus interposition and artificial columella in tympanoplasty (author's transl)].

The average postoperative air-bone gap after interposition of an incus between tympanic membrane and stapes footplate is too high in case of missing crura of the stapes, it is 27 dB. The interposition of an artificial prosthesis, according to Shea and beeing made of "Platipore", leads to a statistically based lower air-bone gap with a mean of 20 dB. Concerning the change of bone conduction, there is no difference between these two methods of operation. The rate of artificial prosthesis which are perforating the tympanic membrane, increases after seven months up to 15%, but only 4% of the incuses invade the plane of the tympanic membrane after 22 months.

Bone Conduction↗
PubMed1978

Site on inhibition of the spino-bulbo-spinal reflex on stimulation of the anterior lobe of the cerebellum.

The effect of stimulation of the anterior lobe (AL) of the cerebellum on spinobulbo-spinal (SBS) reflex activity evoked by somatic and splanchnic afferentation was studied in chloralose-anaesthetized cats. Unit activity synchronous with the SBS component of the efferent discharge was observed at the level of motoneurons, descending axons of the dorsolateral and ventral funiculi and neurones of the reticular formation (RF). Conditioning stimulation of the AL inhibited this unit activity. Reticular formation units influenced from the AL had direct contact with segmental structures; these results showed that disappearance of the SBS reflex during AL conditioning is associated with the depressant effect of the cerebellar cortex on the reticular formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Posterior canal wall reconstruction--the results of a prolonged-follow-up (author's transl)].

The preservation or reconstitution of a normal external auditory canal with the obliteration of or maintenance of an aerated maistoid cavity is possible by reconstruction of the lateral attic wall and posterior canal wall. Conserved homograft cartilage and autograft cartilage or bone are considered suitable. Connective tissue and lyophilised dura are not suitable. Rejection of implants and recurrence of cholesteatoma will worsen the eventful successful outcome such that the initial success of over 90% is reduced to 75%. A longer follow-up admittedly is necessary for satisfactory assessment.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1978

[Comparison of different nystagmus-parameters with the measured so-called maximal velocity of the slow phase in connexion with caloric vestibular examination (author's transl)].

The adequate stimulus of the semicircular canals by a rotatory acceleration is producing a nystagmus, whose graph of the postrotatorius I is adequate to a decreasing e-function. The constants of the function are calculabe, the variance is very small. The inadequate stimulus of the semicircular canals by caloric stimulation effects a nystagmus, which shows an intensive changing course of the graph with a large variance. Only smoothings and standardisations by counting of an individual coefficient of the reaction-intensity lead to a graph, which is nearly adequate to an increasing and decreasing e-function. The variance of the single nystagmus-parameters grows with its range of reaction. The velocity of the slow phase shows the largest variance. Each experimental arrangement, which enlarges the nystagmus-intensity, is enlarging the variance coincident. The experimental conditions are neither to form by illumination of the eyes nor by increasing of the mental activity in such a uniform way that the variance would be reduced. The valuation of the singular nystagmus-parameters for the clinic is only to confirm by the examination of otoneurologic syndroms.

Hot Temperature↗
PubMed1978

[Protects stapedectomy from increasing otosclerotic inner ear deafness? (author's transl)].

The favourable influence--first shown by Shambaugh--of fenestration operation used in cases of the otosclerosis which cause a rapid sensorineural hearing loss can also be stated for stapedectomy. A negative influence of stapedectomy on inner ear stability was not determined. Especially the ears whose inner ear function is very bad were favoured by this operation.

Bone Conduction↗
PubMed1978

[Residual-and recurrent cholesteatoma at preservation of the external auditory bony canal (author's transl)].

During the last four years we controlled 351 operations in order to check the indication of preservation of the posterior canal wall on patients with cholesteatoma. The aim of this study was to make a comparison between operative technique and the frequency of residual and recurrent diseases. It has shown that the consistent reconstruction of the lateral attic wall by endogenous conchal cartilage reduces the number of recurrence on a level of 3%. Since we haven't got yet a follow-up period of five years for all patients, the percentage of recurrent cholesteatomas was forecasted with 16% from the sample of patients with a follow-up period of two years, mixed with and without reconstruction of the lateral attic wall. The percentage of residual cholesteatoma was calculated with 25% from 104 revision operations. In future, a planned revision operation seems to be necessary for each patient with a posterior canal wall being preserved in cholesteatoma surgery. Osteoplastic management of the bony canal wall should lower the rate of residual cholesteatoma.

Bone Conduction↗
PubMed1977

[Gentamycin in distributive balance between serum, perilymph and liquor in guinea-pig after dosage in therapeutical range (author's transl)].

Dosage of gentamycin in therapeutical range just as in higher doses results in a distributive balance between serum, perilymph and liquor under the condition of steady serum levels. After high doses the perilymph levels compared to the serum levels are relatively lower than after less doses. The distributive balance is reached after about 7 h in doses, which lead to concentrations of the serum levels of the supposed ototoxic critical range. Afterwards the concentration in the inner ear doesn't increase. In steady state, the concentration in serum is always higher than in perilymph, whereas the perilymph concentration is always higher than the one in liquor.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Sympathetic trunk treatment or infusion therapy in cases of sudden deafness (author's transl)].

The optimal criterion for registering the result of a sudden-deafness-therapy is a class interval of 25 dB in the audiogram, followed by punctal evaluation of the mean value of the frequencies 0,5/1/2/4/8 kc/sec. Blocking of the sympathetic trunk, as well as infusions using low-molecular dextranes or derivatives of nicotnic acid, furthermore strictly oral treatment as well as combinations of all these, all lead to a statistically proved recovery of hearing. The extent of improvement is ascertainbly smaller with strictly oral treatment than with blocking the sympathetic trunk or with infusions. Hearing is slightly more improved by blocking the sympathetic trunk than by infusional treatment. Statistically however, the difference is not significant. Low-molecular dextran (Rheomakrodex) is not superior to Xantinol-Nicotinate (Complamin). Future investigations in the assessment of therapeutical results should exclusively evaluate unilateral sudden deafness and include the intact second ear into the computation.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1977

[Experiences with incus autografts and preserved incus homografts in ear surgery (author's transl)].

The healing process of free-transplantated incus autografts and preserved homografts in the middle-ear is largely non-irritating. They are suited for sound transmission. Under the osteoinductive influence of the non-vital graft, ingrowing vascular connective tissue of the host differentiates itself in osteoblasts, osteoclasts and chondroblasts. The grafts are revitalised in relation to time. Rarely a marked resorption of preserved incus homografts was noticed in consequence of an antigen-antibody-reaction between the host and the implant which, however, never occurred in autografts.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1977

[Is hearing of the students damaged by environmental noise in their leisure time? (author's transl))].

An examination of 1300 students between the ages of 10 and 20 who had not yet been exposed to industrial noise was performed in order to establish to what extent general environmental noise influences hearing. The fact that there was no age-dependent increase of high tone hearing loss, as well as the small correlation between hearing loss and total noise load are evidence that there is no hearing loss produced by increasing environmental noise exposure of teenagers in Germany. Middle ear infections, infections diseases and skull trauma are suggested as causes of the usually minimal high tone hearing losses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[A model for different types of computers for recording, managing and evaluating data of middle ear operations (author's transl)].

A system is presented for recording, managing and evaluating data which is so simple that the clinician is able to handle it. The recording of data is done by marking on preformulated questionnaires without any coding of information by the doctor. From the documents, the key-punch operator then makes the punch cards (the alternative: marking documents that can be read directly by an optical mark page reader). The managing of data is done by an own program written in FORTRAN. It creates a tape-sentence of equal length and fixed format for each case. That means each case would contain the same variables, and the order of variables within each case would be the same. The ordering is done by means of an identification code which is derived from the employee numbering system and which makes it independent of all archive-based records. The evaluation is carried out by means of a data processing system which is available for most computers (SPSS). The preformulated questionnaires used for recordings, the program for managing the data and the evaluating procedure punch cards are described. All will be sent by demand.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1977

[A comparison of the results of incus interposition in the Wullstein type III and type IV tympanoplasty (author's transl)].

Incus interposition for reconstruction of the sound conduction mechanism in a deep tympanic cavity can be effectively utilized in both Wullstein Type III and IV tympanoplasties. In the Type III tympanoplasty, in which the incus is interposed between malleus or tympanic membrane and stapes, the average post-operative air-bone gap approximates 16 db, while incus placement on the stapes footplate results in an air-bone gap of 23.5 db. There is no difference in change of bone conduction when all operative mehtods are compared. Improved results in reconstruction of the second conduction mechanism are best obtained by conserving or reconstructing the tympanic membrane and posterior bony external canal wall through improved audio-physiologic dynamics.

Ear Canal↗