The purpose of the study was to compare standard analysis with pharmacokinetic analysis of time-intensity curves in dynamic three-dimensional (3D) MR mammography (MRM) for their capability of differentiating benign from malignant disease. Dynamic MRM of the whole breast was performed at 1.0 T using an axial fast low-angle shot (FLASH) 3D sequence. For the standard evaluation, the enhancement of the first minute (E1) and the slope of enhancement from minute 2 to 10 (SE2-10) were calculated. For pharmacokinetic analysis, the amplitude of enhancement (A), distribution time (t21), and elimination time (tel) were computed. Sixty-two histologically verified lesions were evaluated. The standard evaluation methods yielded a highly significant difference between benign and malignant disease for E1 (P = .0008) and SE2-10 (P = .0001). The pharmacokinetic parameters gained similarly significant P values (A, P = .0014; t21, P = .0024; tel, P = .0001). Both standard and pharmacokinetic analysis concordantly discriminated between benign and malignant lesions in discriminant analysis. Compared with standard analysis, a pharmacokinetic analysis of time-intensity curves is not beneficial for routine clinical diagnosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Submandibular endotracheal intubation in panfacial fractures.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Facial Injuries↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Bridging lower jaw defects with AO plates: comparison of THORP and 3-DBRP systems.

Two reconstruction plate systems, the 3-dimensionally-bendable reconstruction plate (3-DBRP) and the titanium hollow screw and reconstruction plate (THORP) were compared in clinical use. Fewer complications in patients were observed with the THORP system than with the 3-DBRP system. In general, both systems are reliable and approved. In cases of extensive defects, however, the THORP system appears to be more effective because of its larger size and its better anchorage.

Bone Plates↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A critical review of human immunodeficiency virus infection--and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related research: the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of nurses.

This article reviews the research literature related to nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) concerning acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and care of people with AIDs (PWAs). Areas reviewed included the following: (1) KAP studies of health professionals that include nurses; (2) KAP studies of nurses; (3) KAP studies of nursing students and faculty; (4) studies of stress and coping related to care of PWAs; and (5) studies of outcomes of AIDS education programs. Gaps in knowledge and negative, fearful attitudes toward HIV transmission and PWAs were identified. Negative fears and behaviors decreased in nurses with the gain in accurate information. The studies were largely atheoretical descriptive surveys of health professionals in acute care settings. Studies of nurses specifically, including more studies of obstetric and pediatric nurses, and nurses in a range of settings in the community would be beneficial both in the United States and in other countries. A wider variety of research designs including qualitative studies are needed as are valid and reliable instruments to allow for cross-comparisons between studies. An assessment of non-AIDS-related content, such as spiritual needs of patients and substances abuse is needed by nurses who care for PWAs for use in development of relevant educational programs.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Can steel screws be combined with titanium plates? Hard polishing technique and SEM in animal experiments].

To clarify the compatibility of steel and titanium, mandibular resections were performed on 24 sheep and the defects bridged with titanium plates and steel vs. titanium screws. 6, 12 and 24 weeks after osteosynthesis the implants were removed along with the surrounding bone segment and thin ground sections were prepared using the Donath method. The sections were then studied by light, fluorescence, polarization and scanning electron microscopy. The stability and easy removal are advantages of steel screws rendering them particularly suitable for temporary implantations. Moreover, they are 50-75% less expensive than titanium screws. After 3 and 6 months some minimum friction corrosion was observed at the screw/plate interface of steel screws. None of the specimens, however, showed signs of local tissue damage such as metallosis. From this it may be concluded that at least on a temporary basis a combination of steel screws and titanium plantes seems to be possible.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Tumor irradiation after plate osteosynthesis. Dose determination on radiological phantom].

An irradiation phantom was used to measure dose increases using the backscatter of different materials (titanium, steel, lead, aluminum). Telecobalt 60 and 8 MeV photons were used for the irradiation. The radiation dose was measured by means of a defined x-ray film blackening. The most important parameter was to find out whether under stimulated conditions the undesirable hot spots occur. We were able to demonstrate that a 12.5 to 16% increase of the radiation dose can be observed for titanium and steel at a distance of .45 mm from the metal specimen. A comparison between titanium and steel did not demonstrate a relevant advantage for titanium. Therefore adjuvant percutaneous radiation therapy should not have any influence on the life of the implant, if the soft tissue layer is of sufficient thickness. The available literature was reviewed and presented in tables.

Background Radiation↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Control of the re-epithelialization of skin defects and burns].

In an experimental study an attempt was made to compare the effect of the tetrachlorodekaoxygen anion complex (TCDO) with an aqueous KCl/CaCl2 solution of a defined molar concentration in hydrogel on the basis of skin defects, irradiated skin defects, and necrectomized burns of the skin of the back of naked euthymic guinea pigs. The wound healing of the irradiated skin defects and the necrectomized burns was found to be generally delayed. The use of the Kcl/CaCl2 solution in hydrogel, however, brought about a faster repair of the defects than the application of TCDO.

Animals↗