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Biomedical subjects

P Stadler

Publications and source records attributed to P Stadler.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[A comparison of cardiac stroke volume determination using the thermodilution method and PW-Doppler echocardiography for the evaluation of systolic heart function in the horse].

In 14 horses without heart disease stroke volume determination were established by pulsed wave doppler echocardiography. Thermodilution and doppler echocardiography were used simultaneously. The doppler echocardiographic volume determinations were carried out in left and right outflow tracts. Echocardiographically Velocity Time Integral, Maximum Flow Velocity, Mean Flow Velocity and Acceleration Time were ascertained. To be able to compare heart volumes of horses with different body weight stroke volume was applied to 1 kg of body weight (= heart index). Heart Index determined with thermodilution did not show significant difference from heart index determined with doppler echocardiography. Stroke volume, which was measured in right outflow tract were closest to the values of thermodilution (mean difference: 124.3 +/- 55 ml). Standard variations of volume found in left and right outflow tract, determined from right body wall were lower than standard variations of thermodilution method. Heart volume determination with doppler echocardiography provides evaluation of systolic heart function as well as thermodilution.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Echocardiography and therapy of atrial fibrillation in horses].

Echocardiographic evaluation of 45 horses (43 warm-blooded horses, one Thoroughbred and one Standardbred) with atrial fibrillation was performed, using M-mode, B-mode and pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography. Seventeen (38%) of these horses had a history of poor performance. An increase of left ventricular shortening fraction was found in 25 horses (56%). Atrial dilatation was seen in 37 horses (82%). Eight horses (18%) had normal atrial dimensions. In nine horses only left atrium and in six horses only right atrium was enlarged. In the other 22 horses both atria were dilated. Correlation was found between atrial and ventricular dilatation. M-mode echocardiogram of septal leaflet of mitral valve revealed the lack of A-peak and showed diastolic undulation. Additionally, pulsewave Doppler spectral tracings of atrial outflow tract showed absence of A-peak which is associated with atrial in healthy horses. Quinidine sulfate was used for treatment in 19 horses. Nine horses converted to sinus rhythm, eight of them had normal atrial dimensions. Treatment was not successful in nine horses with severe atrial dilatation and in one horse with normal atrial dimensions but with mitral valve insufficiency. Echocardiographic evaluation of atrial diameters seems to be a reliable method to predict therapeutic success in horses with atrial fibrillation.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Suspected inherited granulocytopathy in four Holstein Friesian calves].

Five Holstein Friesian calves varying in age from 7 to 9 weeks old, were suspected of suffering from an inherited granulocytopathy known as bovine leucocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD). Four of them were examined clinically and at necropsy. The most significant clinical findings were fever, depression, weakness, emaciation, diarrhoea, pseudomembranous gingivitis, loose teeth, respiratory infection and occult blood in the faeces. Significant clinicopathological findings were marked leucocytosis, mainly due to a neutrophilia, hypoalbuminemia, hypogammaglobulinemia, increased alpha- and beta-globulins, elevated alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity, hypoglycaemia, and decreased blood urea concentrations. The necropsy revealed emaciated carcasses, granulomatous to necrotising gingivitis, pseudomembranous to necrotising enteritis with perforations, bronchopneumonia, splenic atrophy, and hypoplasia of the thymus. Histopathological examination supported the macroscopic findings.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[M-mode echocardiography in dressage horses, class S jumping horses and untrained horses].

Heart structures of 45 warmblooded horses were measured by M-mode-echocardiography. The current training level of 15 dressage horses (group I) and 15 show-jumping horses (group II) was category "S". In the third group were 15 untrained horses. Four standardized transducer positions were determined for the m-mode echobeam, calibrated according to the two-dimensional real time technique. End systolic and end diastolic diameters of left ventricle, right ventricle, aortic root, interventricular septum and left ventricular wall, as well as motion pattern of heart wall, mitral valve and aortic valve of all horses were measured. The dressage horses showed a significant thickening of interventricular septum and left-ventricular wall compared with the show-jumping horses and the untrained horses. The end diastolic left ventricle diameter of the show-jumping horses was significantly larger than in the other groups. Compared to the untrained horses the show-jumping horses showed a significantly larger end systolic left ventricular wall diameter measured at the level of papillary muscle. It can be concluded, that an increase in heart mass in category "S" sport horses is attributed to their level of training.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[B-mode, M-mode and Doppler sonographic findings in mitral valve insufficiency of horses].

B- and M-mode echocardiography was performed on 38 horses. 34 patients had systolic heart murmur with the point of maximal intensity over mitral valve. Additionally, 17 of these patients were examined with the pulsed wave doppler echocardiography (Vingmed 200). In 26 patients with cardiac murmur and in 4 patients without cardiac murmur a mitral valve insufficiency was diagnosed by echocardiography. In 8 horses with a systolic murmur over mitral valve M- and B-mode evaluation could not reveal a haemodynamic importance of the murmur. The diagnosis of MVI was based on a dilation of left atrium with or without additional dilation of left ventricle on one hand and with a regurgitation of blood into left atrium found by pulsed wave doppler on the other hand. In 6 extremely dilated hearts a "real" ostium of regurgitation was detected as a direct echocardiographic finding in B-mode. Good correlations existed between echocardiographically evaluated changes of heart dimensions and autopsy measurements in 10 cases. The prognosis seems to be poor if systolic murmurs coincide with dilatation of left atrium and left ventricle, regurgitation of blood into left atrium or with a high degree dilation of left atrium without changes of left ventricle chamber size. In hearts with little to medium dilated left atrium without changes of left ventricle dimension and additionally a regurgitation into left atrium the prognosis seems at least to be cautious. Echocardiography is an available diagnostic help in evaluation of the importance of systolic murmur with the point of maximal intensity over the mitral valve especially in completion by pulsed wave doppler.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Diclofenac delays healing of gastroduodenal mucosal lesions. Double-blind, placebo-controlled endoscopic study in healthy volunteers.

The effects of the water-soluble and delayed-release formulations of a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, diclofenac, on the healing of gastroduodenal mucosal lesions were compared in a double-blind, double cross-over, placebo-controlled endoscopic study conducted in 14 healthy volunteers. Severe endoscopic lesions (petechiae, erosions, ulcers, and esophageal candidiasis) were found only in the group taking the soluble formulation of diclofenac (P less than 0.05 vs placebo). The endoscopic healing of biopsies at one week was delayed by both preparations in comparison to placebo (P less than 0.05 vs placebo). Neither formulation produced significantly more histological inflammation or minor endoscopic lesions (erythema, red striae) than placebo. Both formulations were equally well tolerated and produced no more symptoms than placebo. This study suggests that soluble diclofenac acts topically to delay gastroduodenal healing and produce gastroduodenal injury; it thus provides a model for future studies of the production, perpetuation, and healing of peptic lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Suspected avocado (Persea americana) poisoning in goats.

A herd of 15 Cameroon goats was suspected of having been poisoned by eating leaves of the Fuerte variety of avocado pear (Persea americana). Two of the affected goats were examined clinically, while necropsies were carried out on 3 of the 4 that had died. The most significant clinical findings were tachycardia, hyperpnoea and evidence of lung oedema. At necropsy severe lung oedema, hydrothorax and hydropericardium were present. Severe myocardial degeneration, necrosis and fibrosis were the major histopathological findings.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Fallot's tetralogy in a calf--a case report].

A report is given on a calf with tetralogy of Fallot. This is the most common cyanotic congenital heart lesion in calves. Diagnosis was made by two-dimensional echocardiography and heart catheterisation. Tetralogy of Fallot was confirmed by necropsy.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Salmonellosis in an adult dairy cow.

An outbreak of diarrhoea occurred in a Jersey herd after the introduction of new stock. One of the cows was examined and treated unsuccessfully. Clinical findings included depression, fever, dehydration, congestion, signs of colic and a severe diarrhoea. The post mortem examination revealed emaciation, pseudomembranous enteritis, mesenteric lymphadenopathy and focal disseminated hepatic necrosis. Salmonella typhimurium was isolated from the faeces, mesenteric lymph nodes and liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Selective intraoperative cholangiography].

300 consecutive cholecystectomies performed from 1984 through 1986 were studied retrospectively to answer the following questions: which are suitable preoperative indicators for selective operative cholangiography, and which is the failure rate to detect biliary concrements by selective cholangiography? Patients with a history of jaundice, suspected concrements from preoperative intravenous cholangiography or ultrasound examination, a common bile duct wider than 8 mm, and elevated serum levels of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, ALAT (GPT) or ASAT (GOT) all had significantly higher rates of biliary concrements. Of these indicators, preoperative radiologic studies, serum levels of ALAT (GPT) and serum levels of alkaline phosphatase showed the best sensitivity, specificity as well as positive and negative predictive value. If two criteria, preoperative radiology and serum levels of ALAT (GPT), had been used, intraoperative cholangiography would have been performed in 34% of the cases. 82% of all biliary concrements would have been detected; in 3% of all cholecystectomies, the diagnosis of concrements would have been missed. We conclude that prospective studies should be performed to better define necessity and benefit of routine operative cholangiography still widely performed today.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical changes after intravenous administration of endotoxin in the horse].

The results of a study conducted to determine the clinical changes in 4 experimentally-induced cases of endotoxaemia in the horse are reported on. Endotoxaemia was induced by injecting commercially available E. coli 055:B5 lipopolysaccharide intravenously at a dose of 1 microgram kg-1. The parameters that were monitored include general behaviour, rectal temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate and quality, pulse quality, mucous membrane colour, capillary refill time, appearance of the faeces and the presence of laminitis. Increases in rectal temperature, respiratory and heart rate, capillary refill time, the development of a bounding peripheral pulse, dyspnoea and congestion of mucous membranes, decrease in faecal consistency and behavioural changes were recorded.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinico-pathological changes after intravenous administration of endotoxin in the horse].

The results of a study conducted to determine the clinico-pathological changes in 4 experimentally-induced cases of endotoxaemia in the horse are reported on. Endotoxaemia was induced by injecting commercially available E. coli 055:B5 lipopolysaccharide intravenously at a dose of 1 microgram kg-1. The haematocrit, red cell count, total and differential white cell counts, thrombocyte count, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen level, level of fibrin degradation products, arterial acid-base status, serum lactate and blood glucose were determined repeatedly. Changes that occurred, include increases in the haematocrit and red cell count, a leucopaenia followed by a leucocytosis caused mainly by changes in the number of neutrophils, the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation, minor changes in the arterial acid base parameters, hyperglycaemia followed by hypoglycaemia and an increase in serum lactate.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1989

Bronchiolo-alveolar adenocarcinoma in a horse.

A bronchiolo-alveolar adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in the lungs of a horse which was euthanased after protracted respiratory disease and radiological evidence of pulmonary neoplasia. Multifocal, large, firm neoplasms occurred throughout both lungs. Neoplastic lesions were not found elsewhere. Histologically the bronchiolar and alveolar architecture was retained. The cuboidal cells lining neoplastic alveoli had very vacuolated cytoplasm, while some were ciliated. Electron microscopy identified the cells as Type II pneumocytes. Numerous distended myelinoid bodies in the tumour cells accounted for the vacuolated appearance seen by light microscopy. Special stains for fat, mucin, mucopolysaccharides and glycogen failed to elucidate the nature of the substance in these vacuoles.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗