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P Soria

Publications and source records attributed to P Soria.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Dry mouth].

The sensation of dry mouth is a common problem, often neglected. The decrease of salivary flow causes chronic oral discomfort and functional problems and predisposes to rampant dental caries and oral candidiasis. Various methods are described to evaluate salivary gland hypofunction but no single test has sufficiently high specificity and sensitivity. Categorised questionnaires and unstimulated whole saliva flow are valuable. The causes of xerostomia are numerous, of which the principal are, drug or radiation induced xerostomia and primary an secondary Sjögren's syndrome. Treatment calls for good hydration, optimal oral hygiene and prophylaxis of candidosis. All unnecessary medications must be avoided. Oral pilocarpine is the only drug which had demonstrated beneficial effects if no contraindications exist.

Candidiasis, Oral↗
PubMed2001

[Risk factors for irreversible cerebral ischemia complications from Horton's disease: prospective study of 178 patients].

PURPOSE: To search for risk factors of developing irreversible cranial ischemic complications (ICIC) in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) and to explore whether two subsets of patients (high risk and low risk of developing ICIC) can be defined. METHODS: One-hundred seventy-eight consecutive patients with temporal arteritis (149 biopsy-proven) were diagnosed and followed up in a department of Internal Medicine between 1976 and 1999. The patients were separated into two groups, according to the presence or absence of ICIC, with comparison of 17 clinical and biological parameters prospectively recorded for each patient using a pre-established comprehensive questionnaire. RESULTS: ICIC occurred in 25 patients (14%), with amaurosis in 22 cases. Suggestive symptoms and/or signs of temporal arteritis were present in 92% of the patients, lasting 50 days (median) before the onset of ICIC. Forty-three patients (24%) complained of transient visual ischemic symptoms (TVIS), which preceded acute blindness in 11 cases. A multivariate logistic regression, from which 28 cases with upper limb artery involvement were excluded for technical reasons (no CCII in any case, thus predicting perfectly the lack of ischemic risk, P = 0.02), indicated that the only independent variables associated with the ischemic risk were: a history of TVIS (P = 0.05), the lack of signs of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR; P = 0.02), lower blood levels of fibrinogen (P = 0.024) and higher mean blood platelets levels (P = 0.006). However, these five variables predicted only 30% of the variability of the model. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the model reached respectively 36, 96, 64 and 88%. Overall, 86% of the cases were correctly classified with respect to the ischemic risk. CONCLUSION: The rate of ICIC should be reduced by an earlier recognition of the usual signs of temporal arteritis. Several independent risk factors of ICIC have been identified. However, the logistic model failed to predict accurately the ischemic risk in 14% of the cases, indicating that as yet unrecognised factors probably exist that play a role in the occurrence of ICIC. Nevertheless, regarding the strong association between platelet levels and ICIC, patients with thrombocytosis should receive initially both corticosteroids and antiplatelet agents.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Cutaneous reactions or necrosis from interferon alpha: can interferon be reintroduced after healing? Six case reports].

PURPOSE: Alpha, beta or gamma interferon (INF) are cytokines produced by cells in response to antigenic stimulation. They are used to treat various hepatic, hematological, oncological and neurological diseases. Cutaneous reactions (rash, alopecia, labial herpes, erythema, or induration at the site of injection, and more rarely cutaneous necrosis) represent 5 to 12% of side-effects observed in patients receiving INF. The authors report six cases of local cutaneous reactions to alpha INF, five of which corresponded to cutaneous necrosis. This makes them question the relevance of INF reintroduction. METHODS: The study included 5 male and 1 female patients (mean age: 59.1 years; range: 42 to 74 years old). Three patients had chronic hepatitis C, while three others presented a blood disease. RESULTS: Cutaneous necrosis occurred after 1 to 10 months of treatment. The mean time to healing was 16.2 weeks. Reintroduction of the drug including injection in other sites did not lead to recurrence of necrosis in five out of the six cases. CONCLUSION: INF-induced cutaneous necrosis does not depend on the type of INF, the site of injection, the dose and may occur 2 months to 9 years after treatment implementation. The exact mechanisms involved in cutaneous necrosis remain unknown. Morbidity is due to a very long time to healing (4 to 6 months). Futhermore, healing sometimes requires prior surgery. Physicians should be aware of the potential occurrence of erythema in patients treated by INF, as it is the first sign of necrosis. The site of injection should then be modified. In case of necrosis, risk factors for thrombophilia, factors reducing microcirculation (DHE, beta-blockers, cigarette smoking) should be investigated. INF injections should be cautiously reintroduced in other sites with the help of a nurse in case of self-injections prior to the occurrence of necrosis. Regarding self-injections patients' training should be emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome in internal medicine: diagnostic and therapeutic traps. Eight observations].

PURPOSE: Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) is an acute and severe drug reaction. Manifestations include severe skin lesions, fever, nodal enlargement, blood eosinophilia and multisystemic involvement. The severe systemic manifestations of DIHS are responsible for a 10% mortality rate. The pertinence of corticosteroid therapy is discussed. METHODS: The authors report eight retrospective cases of DIHS obtained from the PMSI (Programme de Médicalisatiopn des Systèmes d'Information) between November 1991 and November 1998. RESULTS: The series consisted of five male and three female patients (mean age: 52.6 years; range: 23-83 years). The interval between the introduction of the drug and the onset of the reaction varied from two to eight weeks. Due to severe systemic manifestations, three patients were given corticosteroid therapy. Healing of skin and systemic disorders resolved with a mean delay of 4.4 weeks (range: 1 to 56 weeks). CONCLUSION: DIHS can be a diagnostic trap, as there are no diagnostic criteria for DIHS. Only the association of multiple arguments such as the time to the occurrence of symptoms, clinical similarity to many infectious illnesses, hypereosinophilia, atypical lymphocytosis, etc. may help guide diagnosis. DIHS can also be a therapeutic trap, as prompt withdrawal of the offending drug is essential to minimize morbidity. Although still controversial in the literature, the pertinence of corticosteroid therapy may be discussed in case of severe systemic effects. Patch testing can be a valuable tool to determine the responsibility of a drug; however it proves to be useful only when positive.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed2000

[Horton's disease and hypereosinophilic syndrome: a non-fortuitous association].

Giant cell arteritis is a T-cell dependent auto-immune vasculitis that involves a T-helper l (Th1) cell response. We report the unusual case of a woman who developed successively a biopsy-proven temporal arteritis without tissue eosinophilia at age 65, an isolated blood eosinophilia at age 69 and an hypereosinophilic syndrome at age 71, while still taking corticosteroids at the dose of 3mg/day. Considering this temporal relationship, some characteristics of her hypereosinophilic syndrome pointing to a Th2-dependent disease (absence of definite signs of myeloproliferative syndrome, elevated IgE levels and quick normalisation of eosinophil counts under corticosteroid therapy) and the existence of an unexplained blood inflammatory response at the time of HES onset, we postulate that an unbalanced T helper response led in this exceptional case to both diseases.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

The duration of the effects of a single administration of dopamine antagonists on ambulatory activity and motor coordination.

Pimozide, cis(Z)-flupenthixol, SCH 23390 and sulpiride were administered to male rats. Each subject received a single drug injection, and tests for ambulatory activity and motor coordination were performed 1, 24, 48 and 72 hrs later. All drugs reduced ambulatory activity at the test 1 hr postinjection. Pimozide and SCH 23390 continued to reduce ambulatory activity at the test 24 hrs after injection. All drugs impaired motor coordination 1 hr after injection and, with the exception of SCH 23390, were also effective at the 24 hrs test. Flupenthixol, 2 mg/kg, continued to impair motor coordination also at the 48 hrs test. These data show that effects of dopamine antagonists on motor functions may persist for much longer than is generally believed. That should be important to take into account in experimental designs where repeated drug administration is employed.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Diabetes insipidus revealing primary malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of bone].

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes insipidus is a very rare, occasionally misleading, revealing symptom of non Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma. We report a case of this uncommon association and a review of the literature is done. EXEGESIS: Soon after a transient attack of diplopia due to a 6th cranial nerve palsy, idiopathic cerebral diabetes insipidus was diagnosed in a 32-year-old immunocompetent man. As anterior hypopituitarism was absent, the patient was discharged and treated with desmopressin acetate. Six months later, recurrence of diploplia together with raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate was observed and B cell lymphoma was observed in the iliac bone and skull, with extension into the right cavernous sinus. Both tumoral lesions led to important uptake of gallium-67. After a 26-month follow-up following intensive chemotherapy including autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation and local radiotherapy, lymphoma symptoms had disappeared, but the patient's condition had only partially improved with regard to diabetes insipidus. The association of lymphoma and diabetes insipidus which has only been reported in 14 cases is discussed. CONCLUSION: Since endocrine symptoms are often preceding hematological diagnosis, malignant lymphomas should systematically be viewed as potential etiology of diabetes insipidus. Magnetic resonance imaging which is more sensitive than computerized tomography in revealing brain lymphomas is mandatory. Gallium scan imaging might help guide the diagnosis in some instances.

Abducens Nerve↗
PubMed1997

GABAergic drugs and sexual motivation, receptivity and exploratory behaviors in the female rat.

Female rats were allowed to pace sexual interactions in a bilevel chamber, where a sexually vigorous male was tethered to the bottom level. Exploratory behaviors (sniffing, rearing), locomotor activity (expressed as number of level changes and periods of inactivity) as well as items of sexual motivation (latency to descend to the male's level, approaches towards the male and genital exploration) were recorded. In addition, sexual receptivity was evaluated in a non-paced situation. A test for motor impairment was also performed. The GABA transaminase inhibitor gamma-acetylene GABA reduced exploratory behaviors at doses much lower than those needed to reduce receptivity. The GABA reuptake inhibitor SKF 100330A did not affect any behavior category at doses of 15 and 30 mg/kg, but had a sedative action at 60 mg/kg. This was shown as impaired motor coordination and an almost total absence of activity in the bilevel chamber. Receptivity was not impaired, however. The mixed GABAA/ GABAB agonist progabide reduced exploratory behaviors and receptivity without producing motor impairment at a dose of 400 mg/kg. The GABAA agonist THIP impaired motor coordination and reduced receptivity and exploratory behaviors at a dose of 10 mg/kg. A larger dose, 20 mg/kg, had a strong sedative action. Only a small proportion of the animals descended to the males level. The GABAB agonist baclofen reduced receptivity at a dose that had no effect on motor coordination or exploratory behaviors. None of the drugs had a specific effect on sexual motivation. Whenever behaviors reflecting motivation were reduced, there were also other behavioral effects indicative of sedation. These data show that GABA receptor agonists, particularly the GABAB agonist baclofen, reduce sexual receptivity at doses that have only slight effect on motor functions or exploratory behaviors. In contrast, non-specific enhancement of GABAergic activity by a transaminase or reuptake inhibitor have effects on motor functions and exploratory behaviors at doses much lower than those needed to reduce receptivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Sequential chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced carcinoma of the head and neck].

In patients with non-resectable carcinoma of the head and neck, radiotherapy produces an average survival of 12 months. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy has been shown to prolong survival and preserve organ structure and function, and to reduce systemic relapses in patients with advanced, resectable disease. An analysis was made of 35 patients treated with sequential chemotherapy and radiotherapy, 20 with non-resectable disease and 15 with resectable disease who refused surgery. Treatment consisted of 4 cycles of cisplatin + 5-fluoruracil in a 96-h continuous intravenous infusion in 16 patients, and the same treatment with leucovorin in 19 patients. After chemotherapy, the patients underwent cobalt irradiation of the primary tumor and neck. Chemotherapy produced a complete response rate of 46% and a partial response rate of 28%, yielding an overall rate of 74%. After radiotherapy, the CR increased to 63%. After 92 months of maximum follow-up, overall survival was 20% and median survival was 25 months. Locoregional relapses were the main cause of treatment failure. Our results suggest that sequential chemo-radiotherapy achieved encouraging CR rates with no significant increase in toxicity, prolonged survival in non-resectable patients, and enabled organ preservation in patients with resectable disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with continuous infusion of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil, with or without leucovorin, for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Cisplatin-based induction chemotherapy has been extensively tested in nasopharyngeal carcinoma for the improvement of local and systemic control and survival of this disease. In this study, we report the results of the treatment with induction chemotherapy in 40 patients with locally advanced carcinoma of the nasopharynx (LANPC) with four courses of cisplatin (P) 25 mg/m2 per day and 5-fluorouracil (F) 1000 mg/m2 per day both in a 4-days continuous infusion, with or without leucovorin (L) 250 mg/m2 per day in 2-hour infusion at the beginning of daily administration of PF, followed by sequential radiotherapy. All except one were in stage IV. The overall response after induction chemotherapy was 93%, with 55% CR and 38% PR. Definitive overall response after radiotherapy was 98%, with 80% CR and 18% PR. At a maximum follow up of 11 years, the overall survival rate is 55%. Induction chemotherapy with continuous infusion of PF with or without leucovorin followed by radiotherapy is a highly active regimen for the treatment of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma with response and survival rates comparable to other combinations of sequential or simultaneous chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Dietary treatment of lymphedema by restriction of long-chain triglycerides.

Two patients suffering from idiopathic unilateral lower limb lymphedema were treated with a diet in which long-chain triglycerides (LCT) were drastically restricted. From the beginning of the treatment, a distinct improvement was observed in both patients, with reduction of the affected limb perimeters, decrease of edema tension, and decrease of skin turgescence. Patient A underwent weight loss, and the reduction of the diameter of the affected limb was greater than that in the nonaffected limb. In patient B, whose weight remained stable during the study, the diameter of the affected limb underwent a remarkable diminution, while no changes were detected in the nonaffected limb. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of dietary treatment of idiopathic lymphedema, these being preliminary results of an ongoing study in a group of patients suffering from lymphedema treated with a low LCT diet.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Induction chemotherapy with carboplatin and ftorafur in advanced head and neck cancer. A randomized study.

From 1987 to 1989, 42 patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (Stages III-IV, Mo) were randomized to receive radiotherapy (Group A) or three courses of induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy (Group B). There were 36 evaluable patients, 17 in Group A and 19 in Group B. The radiotherapy regimen was the same for both groups, 66-74 Gy total tumor doses with standard fractionation scheme of 2 Gy/day. The chemotherapy regimen was a combination of carboplatin 400 mg/m2 by intravenous bolus injection on day 1, and Ftorafur 1,000 mg/m2 orally once a day for 14 days. Cycles were given every 4 weeks. The complete response rate in Group A was 65%; in group B it was 31.5% after induction chemotherapy and 84% after radiotherapy. The 42-month actuarial overall survival rates were 34% for Group A and 47% for Group B (P = NS). Patients from both groups with a complete response had a significantly longer survival time than those with a partial response (P less than 0.001). No significant differences in disease-free survival were found between the two treated groups. The chemotherapy regimen was well tolerated, with moderate hematologic and gastrointestinal toxicity. Increased in radiation toxicity by chemotherapy was not observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

GABAergic drugs and lordosis behavior in the female rat.

Agents modifying GABAergic neurotransmission were administered to ovariectomized rats treated with different doses of estradiol benzoate (EB) + progesterone (P) or with EB alone. Hormone treatments were designed to induce an intermediate level of receptivity in order to be able to observe both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on lordosis behavior. Both the GABAA receptor agonist THIP and the GABAB receptor agonist baclofen inhibited lordosis behavior at doses from 20 and 5 mg/kg, respectively. The GABA transaminase inhibitor gamma-acetylen GABA (GAG) and the GABA agonist 3-aminopropanesulfonic acid had no effects, even when high doses were administered. The GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline had no effect by itself nor did it block the effects of THIP. It is therefore suggested that the GABAA receptor is of slight importance in the control of lordosis behavior. No evidence could be found supporting the hypothesis that an interaction between P and GABA is important for hormone-induced receptivity. It does not appear likely that motor disturbances are responsible for the inhibitory effects of baclofen and THIP. The exact mechanism by which these drugs inhibit lordosis behavior is not clear at present.

Alkynes↗