On the beginnings of otorhinolaryngology (ORL) in Bohemia and Moravia.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to P Skerík.
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The authors draw attention to the urgency of antibiotic prophylaxis of early infection in surgical disciplines and emphasize the main principles of its expedient implementation. In otorhinolaryngology antibiotic prophylaxis proves useful in a number of surgical procedures; the authors submit, however, also examples when they do not consider antibiotic prophylaxis expedient. Among antibiotics used for prophylactic administration they consider at present for the majority of ENT operations cephalosporins of the first generation most useful. Their spectrum is roughly equal to the action of penicillin, oxacillin and ampicillin combined. When selecting an antibiotic, however, always ain individual approach must be used and its selection must be adjusted to the epidemiological situation in different areas and health institutions. The prophylactic use of different types of antibiotics cannot have permanent validity, we have to foresee rotation of antibiotics and the introduction of further new preparations.
The author emphasizes new endoscopic trends in otorhinolaryngology, in particular rhinoscopy with microsurgery of the lateral nasal wall, sinuscopy and the use of lasers in microlaryngoscopy. Attention is also drawn to the specific position of endoscopy in otorhinolaryngology, using not only flexible and rigid technique but also possibilities of concurrent examination of the respiratory and deglutition pathways--i. e. so-called double endoscopy. The possibility of a comprehensive endoscopic examination of the deglutition and respiratory pathways led also to the formulation of the principle of panendoscopy the importance of which for oncological diagnosis is already generally accepted.
The method is not currently used so far and was not yet described in the Czechoslovak ENT literature. The authors found it very useful in a group of 49 patients. It combines in an optimal way the advantages of fibrobronchoscopy and the advantages of safe anaesthesia which is important, in particular when children are examined.
The authors present their initial experience with the visualization by magnetic resonance (MR) in otorhinolaryngology in the CSR. Due to multidimensional and high contrast visualization, MR facilitates greatly spatial orientation as regards localization and size of the pathological process. Its importance otorhinolaryngology is in particular in the diagnosis of neoplastic diseases. For some localizations of tumours MR is the method of choice.
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