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Biomedical subjects

P Sharma

Publications and source records attributed to P Sharma.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The long-term results of the Liverpool Mark II knee prosthesis.

We have reviewed 105 Liverpool Mark II knee replacements in 71 patients to assess survival and long-term results. Assessment was both clinical and radiological, using a modification of the British Orthopaedic Association knee function assessment chart, and analysis was by the survivorship method as advocated by Tew and Waugh. The follow-up period was between 13 and 113 months with 42 prostheses being in situ for over six years. Eight knees (7.6%) have been revised or arthrodesed because of infection or loosening, giving a cumulative success rate of 89% after seven years based on prosthesis survival alone. Of the remaining knees, 71.1% were either free of pain or caused only minimal pain. The cumulative success rate as judged by the stricter criteria of the prosthesis being in situ and causing little or no pain suggested a 50% survival between 73 and 96 months. Most patients (77.3%) were enthusiastic or satisfied with their results. Complications included deep wound infection (8.6%), and loosening which needed further surgery (11.4%).

Consumer Behavior↗
PubMed1985

Axillary 5 alpha-androst-16-en-3-one in men and women: relationships with olfactory acuity to odorous 16-androstenes.

Axillary 5 alpha-androst-16-en-3-one (5 alpha-androstenone) levels were found to be significantly higher in men than in women but do not vary between left and right axillae, are not related to age, handedness or degree of hirsutism (in women) nor to anosmia to this steroid. In men (but not in women), levels are related linearly to axillary cholesterol concentrations but not to squalene. Olfactory thresholds for 5 alpha-androstenone varied widely, the lowest recorded being 0.2 ppb, but there was no difference in thresholds between men and women. Women (70%) found the smell 'repellant' but anosmia did not differ greatly between men and women (9-20%). Anosmia to the smell of 5 alpha-androst-16-en-3 alpha-ol was most marked in women (90%) rather than in men (45%). Axillary 5 alpha-androstenone values were generally consistent with the 'musky' or 'strong' smells of male axillary extracts, compared with the 'sweet' smell of those from female subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Use of fibrin glue in thoracic surgery.

The results of closure of various types of postoperative thoracic fistulas with two-component fibrin sealant in 5 patients are presented. The use of a new technique for the noninvasive closure of bronchial fistulas with fibrin sealant is also described. Implications of the management of thoracic fistulas with fibrin sealant are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Esophageal infections in immunosuppressed patients after marrow transplantation.

We reviewed all cases of infectious esophagitis diagnosed after marrow transplantation during a 2-yr period. Twenty-one infections were found during 46 fiberoptic endoscopic examinations; most infections were viral, with equal numbers due to cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus. These infections presented with nonspecific esophageal symptoms weeks to months after transplantation. Diagnoses depended on histology and viral cultures. During the same time span, autopsies revealed 25 cases of infective esophagitis among 59 patients; most were again viral, with equal numbers of herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus infections. Mixed infections due to viral, fungal, and bacterial pathogens were found in both endoscopy and autopsy series. The prevalence of esophageal infection in marrow transplant patients with esophageal symptoms is high, but the organisms could not be predicted on the basis of symptoms, oropharyngeal surveillance cultures, or esophageal x-ray. Accurate diagnosis requires that endoscopic biopsy specimens and brushings be examined by both histologic and virologic methods.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1985

The clinical course of 53 patients with venocclusive disease of the liver after marrow transplantation.

Two hundred fifty-five patients received chemoradiotherapy and a marrow graft for treatment of malignancy. Fifty-three developed venocclusive disease (VOD) of the liver. The clinical presentation was characterized by jaundice, fluid retention, ascites, upper abdominal pain, and encephalopathy. Insidious weight gain was the first sign of VOD, occurring a mean of 6.2 +/- 5.2 days after transplantation, followed shortly by jaundice. Twenty-four patients (45%) had a serious, progressive liver disease, but the others recovered a mean of 21.6 days after the onset of jaundice. Analysis of pretransplant factors did not disclose a significant association with serious VOD. Patients with serious VOD had significantly higher maximal values for bilirubin and SGOT, gained more weight, and were more likely to have encephalopathy. Supportive treatment did not appear to influence the outcome.

Aspartate Aminotransferases↗
PubMed1985

Reduced complement-mediated immune complex solubilization in leprosy patients.

The ability of sera from leprosy patients to solubilize immune precipitates in vitro through the complement system was studied. The solubilizing capacity of sera from patients who did not have any reactions during 2 years or more after starting chemotherapy was comparable with that of normal laboratory volunteers. On the other hand, sera from borderline tuberculoid and lepromatous leprosy patients in reaction had markedly decreased levels of solubilization. Their total and the alternative pathway haemolytic levels did not show a corresponding decrease. Although the circulating immune complexes and serum C3d of these patients came down after the subsidence of reaction, their solubilization remained consistently low during a 3 month follow-up period.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1985

Effect of narcotic premedication on scintigraphic evaluation of gallbladder perforation.

A case of gallbladder perforation is presented in which a small bile leak was demonstrated by cholescintigraphy while the patient was receiving meperidine, but not after meperidine was discontinued. The scintigrams obtained during meperidine therapy also showed a pattern of bile-duct obstruction. It is suggested that increased biliary pressure secondary to meperidine administration permitted visualization of the leak. Use of narcotic drugs may be a useful pharmacologic intervention in cases of peritonitis due to small or obscure bile leaks.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Hepatitis B virus and myocarditis.

Myocarditis may be a serious extrahepatic complication of hepatitis. In this fatal case of serologically documented hepatitis B viral hepatitis, acute myocarditis was present, with histologic features consistent with a viral pathogenesis. Hepatitis B surface antigen was demonstrated by immunoperoxidase methods in small intramyocardial vessels, suggesting that hepatitis B virus infected the heart. The resulting inflammatory heart disease may have been caused either directly, by virus infecting the myocardium, or indirectly, by an immune-mediated mechanism.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Pycnodysostosis.

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Abnormalities, Multiple↗