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Biomedical subjects

P Sen

Publications and source records attributed to P Sen.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Possible interrelationship between the biogenic amines involved in the modulation of footshock aggression in rats.

Dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and 4-methylhistamine facilitated whereas noradrenaline and 2-pyridylethylamine inhibited footshock aggression (FSA) in rats. Dopamine increased FSA in cyproheptadine and cimetidine but not in pimozide pretreated animals; 5-hydroxytryptamine potentiated FSA in cimetidine and pimozide but not in cyproheptadine pretreated rats; 4-methylhistamine facilitated FSA in pimozide and cyproheptadine but not in cimetidine pretreated groups. Also 2-pyridylethylamine inhibited FSA in phenoxybenzamine but not mepyramine pretreated animals. These effects were not significantly different from those seen with dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, 4-methylhistamine and 2-pyridylethylamine, alone, respectively on FSA. It is inferred that each of the neurotransmitters involved in the modulation of footshock aggression acts through an independent mechanism which is not under the regulatory control of the other.

Aggression↗
PubMed1982

Severe pelvic infection from Chlamydia trachomatis after cesarean section.

A severe pelvic infection developed in a 17-year-old primigravida after a cesarean section. Multiple antibiotics were administered for presumed mixed aerobic and anaerobic infections, without improvement. Subsequently, total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were performed. Despite negative standard cultures, her condition continued to deteriorate and she required two more exploratory laparotomies for suspected intra-abdominal abscesses. Chlamydia trachomatis and, subsequently, Candida albicans were recovered from cultures of peritoneal fluid obtained after the third operation. Serological tests confirmed the presence of acute chlamydial infection. Marked clinical improvement occurred after doxycycline hyclate administration. Although genitourinary and acute pelvic inflammatory diseases due to chlamydiae have been reported previously, no case of severe pelvic infection due to this agent after cesarean section had been described, to our knowledge. Specimens should be studied specifically for chlamydiae when standard cultures demonstrate no pathogens in women suffering from documented pelvic infection.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1982

Superinfection: another look.

Superinfection in the compromised host often poses a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma for the physician who is concerned that a perplexing array of microorganisms might be involved. We believe that the differential diagnosis list can often be narrowed considerably by separating superinfection in the compromised host into five convenient categories: (1) infections due to the underlying disease itself; (2) infections due to the underlying disease plus therapy for that disease; (3) infections due solely to medicaments, operations, or procedures; (4) infections increased in severity but probably not in incidence; and (5) societally related infections. Use of this or a similar categorization should result in a more rational approach to differential diagnosis, should encourage a more focused diagnostic work-up, whould reduce the necessity for invasive procedures, should provide the microbiology laboratory information about specific organisms that should be sought sedulously, and should permit the selection of a more rational antimicrobial regimen prior to the availability of definitive microbiologic information.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Fatal Streptococcus MG-intermedius (Streptococcus milleri) meningitis in an adult.

A case of purulent meningitis in an adult caused by Streptococcus MG-intermedius, also known as Streptococcus milleri, is described. The intriguing taxonomical history of this organism and its association with mycoplasma pneumoniae pulmonary infections is reviewed. The incidence of central nervous system infections due to this organism is also discussed.

Cross Reactions↗
PubMed1982

Age-dependent differences in outcome of infections, with special reference to experiments in mice.

The host defects that increase either the frequency or the severity of certain infections in older persons are reviewed briefly. The major defect is in the functioning of the lymphocyte-macrophage system; this is expressed as deficits in cutaneous reactivity and T cell response after antigenic stimulation. A review of induced infections in experimental animals shows results generally consistent with the data in humans. Infections due to Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, and Toxoplasma gondii all appear to be worse in senescent mice; each of these organisms is dealt with primarily by the lymphocyte-macrophage system. We have recently completed studies on aged mice infected with Staphylococcus aureus, an organism dealt with primarily by polymorphonuclear leukocytes rather than the lymphocyte-macrophage system. Surprisingly, staphylococcal infections were much worse in older animals. These studies suggest that in older mice there may also be a defect either in polymorphonuclear leukocyte mobilization and/or function or in the ability of older mice to resist the lethal effects of staphylococcal toxins.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Prophylactic antibiotics for cesarean section: comparison of high- and low-risk patients for endomyometritis.

The efficacy of ticarcillin in the prevention of post-cesarean section endomyometritis was studied in 259 women randomly given either the antibiotic or a placebo. The ticarcillin group received 6 g intravenously immediately after delivery. Then 22 of those patients were also given a second 3-g dose 6 to 8 hours after delivery. Among the 139 patients who received ticarcillin, endomyometritis developed in 44 (32%), as it did in 66 of 120 patients (55%) in the placebo group. These differences are highly significant (P = .002). Of the 259 patients in the study, 238 could be classified as to risk for endomyometritis developing. Among the 124 high-risk patients, 52 received a placebo and endomyometritis developed in 71%. Only 26 of the 72 high-risk patients who received ticarcillin (36%) were so infected. Among the low-risk patients, endomyometritis developed in 10 of 54 patients (18.5%) who received prophylaxis and in 24 of 60 patients who received placebo (40%). Ticarcillin appears to be effective in reducing the incidence of post-cesarean section endomyometritis in patients at high risk and in those at low risk. The number of pelvic examinations during labor was the most important single factor in the development of endomyometritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Modification of an experimental mouse Candida infection by human dialyzable leukocyte extract.

Human dialyzable leukocyte extract (10(7) - 10(8) leukocyte equivalents, containing transfer factor) was administered intraperitoneally to CFW mice the day of and 2 days after intravenous infection with Candida albicans. Tissue Candida populations were determined immediately after and 2, 4, 7 and 14 days after infection. Kidney populations were significantly reduced on 27% of the days studied. Similar reduction in C. albicans census was obtained after injection of leukocyte extracts from donors skin test-positive to Candida antigens or donors negative to Candida antigens by skin test and migration inhibition analyses. There was no evidence of a dose-response relationship for leukocyte extract in the range 10(5) - 10(9) leukocyte equivalents. When mice were primed with C. albicans antigen 4 weeks prior to challenge the efficacy of leukocyte extracts was not augmented. There was no evidence that the infection-reducing effects were related to augmented polymorphonuclear leukocyte mobilization, increased mononuclear clearance of C. albicans, or to a direct toxic effect on C. albicans blastospores. These studies suggest that the reduction in Candida populations was non-specific and give further impetus to the use of the dialyzable leukocyte extracts as non-specific supplements to antibiotics in overwhelming or recalcitrant infections in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Superinfection.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Application of proton-induced X-ray emission technique to gunshot residue analyses.

The proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) technique was applied to the identification and analysis of gunshot residues. Studies were made of the type of bullet and bullet hole identification, firearm discharge element profiles, the effect of various target backings, and hand swabbings. The discussion of the results reviews the sensitivity of the PIXE technique, its nondestructive nature, and its role in determining the distance from the gun to the victim and identifying the type of bullet used and whether a wound was made by a bullet or not. The high sensitivity of the PIXE technique, which is able to analyze samples as small as 0.1 to 1 ng, and its usefulness for detecting a variety of elements should make it particularly useful in firearms residue investigations.

Forensic Medicine↗
PubMed1981

Effect of histaminergic drugs on footshock-induced aggressive behaviour in rats.

Histamine and 2-pyridylethylamine decreased and 4-methylhistamine increased footshock-induced aggression after their intracerebroventricular administration to rats. Mepyramine and cimetidine had no effect on the fighting response but blocked the effects of the respective agonists. Histamine when given after mepyramine increased and after cimetidine decreased the fighting score, this decrease being more than that with histamine alone. It is inferred that central H1-receptors are inhibitory and H2-receptors facilitatory in footshock aggression and that this is independent of catecholaminergic mechanisms.

Aggression↗
PubMed1981

Candida pericarditis.

Purulent pericarditis due to species of Candida is rare. Only seven cases were found in the literature. Described here is a man with Candida tropicalis colonization of the urinary bladder in whom C. tropicalis pericarditis later developed. Amphotericin B was given intravenously. The amphotericin B level in pericardial fluid was approximately 50 percent of the concentration in serum. Although microbiologic cure was achieved with amphotericin B, the patient died of other causes. Autopsy showed sterile constrictive pericarditis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effects of antibacterial agents on the complement system.

The alteration of serum complement profile following therapy with various antibiotics was studied in 23 hospitalized patients and in 10 human volunteers. Tetracycline, chloromycetin, ampicillin, and streptomycin reduced serum CH50 and C3 levels in the inpatients. Tetracycline administration for three consecutive days in four normal subjects decreased serum CH50, C1q, C3, and C4 levels on day 4. However, these parameters returned to near-normal levels on day 7 following the withdrawal of the drugs. On the other hand, septran administered in six normal individuals for three consecutive days had no significant effect on the complement system. In vitro studies as well as in vitro studies in guinea pigs treated with various antibiotics showed almost parallel results.

Animals↗