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Biomedical subjects

P Sen

Publications and source records attributed to P Sen.

194 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
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Syndrome of hyperinfection with Strongyloides stercoralis.

Two patients hyperinfected with Strongyloides stercoralis (an intestinal nematode) are described. Both were both in Puerto Rico and had left the island six to 15 years previously; both were receiving adrenal steroids (one for Hodgkin's disease and the other for Goodpasture's syndrome). One died shortly after diagnosis, but the other survived the hyperinfection syndrome and complicating bacterial sepsis and meningitis. In addition to our case reports, 103 previously described cases of presumed strongyloides hyperinfection are reviewed. Among 89 patients immunocompromised by therapy or disease, the mortality rate was 86%; bacterial sepsis often contributed to the fatal outcome. In most cases, infection was acquired in an endemic area, sometimes long before the hyperinfection syndrome occurred. The few patients who had never been to an endemic area had a history of prolonged contact with highly soiled material, an observation suggesting cross infection from a contaminated person. When administered in time, thiabendazole, the drug of choice for strongyloidiasis, was effective in 70% of cases. If intestinal infection with S. stercoralis is detected and treated before immunosuppressive therapy is initiated and if a high index of suspicion for the hyperinfection syndrome is maintained while immunosuppressive therapy is given, the mortality from this disease should decrease.

Adult↗
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Clinical evaluation of intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for serious infections.

The efficacy and safety of intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) were evaluated in 22 adults with serious infections caused by gram-negative bacteria. These infections included pneumonia, meningitis, pyelonephritis, deep-seated abscesses, and endocarditis. Of the 19 patients who could be evaluated, 12 (63%) were cured, and four (21%) showed definite improvement; three patients (16%) failed to respond to treatment. The only serious side effect occurred in a patient who had an acute reaction after his first dose. Mild adverse reactions were relatively common: three patients (13.6%) developed skin rashes, in one case with bronchospasm and eosinophilia. Mild transient decline of renal function was observed in five patients (22.7%) and decline of hepatic function in seven patients (31.8%); these abnormalities were not necessarily attributable to the drug. Although side effects were more common than previous reports indicate, intravenous TMP-SMZ was effective in the treatment of life-threatening infections unresponsive to other antibiotics.

Adult↗
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Adolescent health.

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Adolescent↗
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Study of interspouse communication and adoption of family planning and immunization services in a rural block of Varanasi District.

Interspouse communication was studied in some pertinent areas which have an important bearing on day to day transactions. The level of such communication measured on a three-point scale was studied for its role on acceptance of family planning and immunization services. 200 currently married females residing with their husbands in a rural block of Varanasi, in the reproductive age group, with at least one child aged 1-3 years were selected and interviewed. Scores were ascribed for 12 selected items of conversation according to frequency of conversation on a three point scale based on which high, medium and low communicators were delineated. In this study high, medium and low communicators were found to be 14%, 40% and 45% respectively. Topics of importance which never featured in interspouse communication were menstrual problems (44%), when to have first child (82.5%) and birth spacing (48.5%). Interspouse communication was better in upper castes and joint families. Literacy status of both husband and wife and per capita income of the family revealed positive relationship with inter-spouse communication. Adoption and practice of family planning methods as well as full immunization coverage of the child in the family were observed to be higher among high and medium communicators as compared to low degree of communcators (p < 0.001).

Adult↗
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Women empowerment.

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Female↗
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Effect of drugs influencing synthesis of prostaglandins on haloperidol-induced catalepsy in rats.

Rats pretreated with prostaglandin synthesis stimulators, phenoxymethyl penicillin (2, 4 and 8 mg/kg, ip) and levamisole (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg, ip) showed a dose related potentiation of catalepsy after subthreshold doses of haloperidol (0.1 mg/kg, ip). Pretreatment with prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors paracetamol and indomethacin exhibited significant inhibition of catalepsy at lower doses (2.5, 6, 10 and 15 mg/kg, ip). However, this antagonism was paradoxically less at higher dose levels (20 and 30 mg/kg, ip). The data suggest neuromodulatory contribution of prostaglandins in neuroleptic-induced catalepsy.

Acetaminophen↗