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Biomedical subjects

P Schneck

Publications and source records attributed to P Schneck.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[The history of medical physics and biophysics at the Humboldt University in Berlin].

The present Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics (former Institute of Radiation Research) was established on September 1st in 1923 by Walter Friedrich (1883-1968). It was after the Institute in Frankfurt A.M. (founded by Friedrich Dessauer in 1921) - the second Institute of its kind in Germany. As a physicist who wrote his dissertation under Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, he did research together with a Gynecologist in Friedburg on problems of radiation therapy and the prevention of radiation injuries. Thus Friedrich became one of the first German Biomedical Physicists and was appointed to a professorship at the university of Berlin and its faculty of medicine. The paper gives a survey of the history of the Institute of Radiation Research in the twenties, in the time of Nazi-rule, the period after the World War II and in the era of GDR until 1990 and up to the present time. The succession of directorship of the Institute and the main research subjects in medical physics and biophysics have been sketched.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1997

[Selmar Aschheim (1878-1965) and Bernhard Zondek (1891-1966). On the fate of 2 Jewish physicians and researchers at the Berlin Charité Hospital].

In 1927, Selmar Aschheim and Bernhard Zondek developed the first biological pregnancy test by urine hormone detection. This so-called Aschheim-Zondek-reaction was a practical application of their research about the effects of anteropituitary hormones (gonadotrophin) on the female sexual organs and pregnancy. Life and scientific merits of these two gynecologists working in Berlin until 1933 are demonstrated. Due to their Jewish extraction, they had to leave their duties and finally Germany during National Socialism.

Female↗
PubMed1996

[Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915) and his contacts with East European physicians at the time of testing the first chemioterapeutics].

Among numerous scientific contacts which Paul Ehrlich had with foreign scientists information about his contacts with East European scientists is very limited. The communiqué will deal with some of the particulars concerning Ehrlich's co-operation with physicians from East Europe directly before the practical application of the chemioterapeutics among others he was in touch with the Russians: Georgi N. Gabryczewski, Alexander A. Władimirow and a Finn Julius Iversen. The contacts originated during Robert Koch bacteriological courses at the Institute of Hygiene in Berlin. Only between 1885-1988 at least 11% of participants came from the countries of Eastern Europe. Ehrlich and Gabryczewski correspondence indicates that such a co-operation had already existed in the 90-ties, at the time of the research of a therapeutic influence of aniline dyes like diacetylparaaminophenol and triasid at spirillioza (recurrens). Iversen, a chief physician of Obuchow Hospital in St. Petersburg, was one of the first who after initial tests (Atoxyl, Arsazetin), at Ehrlich's request successfully used 606 preparation in case of spirochaeta infections.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical↗
PubMed1995

[Not Available].

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Germany↗
PubMed1995

[Not Available].

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Clinical Medicine↗
PubMed1989

[100th anniversary of the Institute of Public Health at the Greifswald University].

The presented study reports on the history and development of the Institute of Hygiene at the University of Greifswald, which was founded in 1888. The first decades of this Institute were shaped by the assistant of Robert Koch, Friedrich Loeffler (1852-1915), an important microbiologist and one of the founders of virology. After 1945 under new social and political conditions specially the Social Hygiene and Occupational Medicine have been expanded and taken up into the lectures. In 1959 the Chair of Microbiology became the status as an own institute. In further development separate chairs of General and Communal Hygiene, Social Hygiene, Occupational Medicine were founded and till 1964 as a particularity of Greifswald a chair of Rural Medicine too. In 1985 these chairs also received status of institutes.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1989

[Development, dissemination and effectiveness of eugenic (racial public health) ideas in the abuse of the prevention concept in medicine].

The scientific social hygiene and the eugenics (racial hygiene) based on biologistical concepts nearly simultaneously developed by the turn from 19th to 20th century. Whereas the prophylaxis has been a centralized social-hygienic request, the eugenics has been orientated on the transfer of the principle of selection and the regulations of the human procreation. The intermixture of partial aspects of both these concepts by uptake of eugenic ideas into social-hygienic samples and the declaration of the eugenics to be the "generative prophylaxis" or "hygiene of procreation" during the first third of the 20th century caused a temporary abuse of the term prophylaxis in the medicine. The modern efforts at a genetic prophylaxis differ by their exact and individual performance and the principle of an absolute voluntariness from eugenic conceptions of any provenance. There term eugenics has for objective, ethical and historical reasons no longer its basis of existence to characterize this purpose of the medicine.

Ethics, Medical↗
PubMed1986

[Obstetrics and gynecology in the medical education curriculum in the 19th century].

The paper gives a survey on development of teaching in obstetrics and gynaecology at German universities in 19th century. Three aspects of these part of medical education are described: the establishment of obstetrics and gynaecology in the medical curriculum and orders of examination, institutional development of obstetrics and gynaecology as an obligatory part of medical education, the growth of specific methods of teaching in obstetrics and gynaecology.

Curriculum↗