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Biomedical subjects

P Schmit

Publications and source records attributed to P Schmit.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Estrogen receptors in gallbladder cancer: detection by an improved immunohistochemical assay.

Although gallbladder carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the extrahepatic biliary tract, patients with this disease have a very poor prognosis. Previous investigations have documented the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) in gallbladder cancers for possible therapeutic benefit; however, the methods used for detection were largely imprecise, which led to a wide range of results. In light of these unclear results obtained with inferior techniques, we have attempted to determine more accurately the prevalence of ER positivity in gallbladder cancer using an improved, more specific immunohistochemical assay (IHA) for estrogen receptors. The IHA, which used a pronase pretreatment and the H222 monoclonal antibody, was performed on archival tumor specimens of 25 patients. There were no strongly or moderately positive specimens. Three specimens stained weakly positive, and 22 specimens (88%) were negative. The three specimens that were weakly positive showed neither statistical significance nor any identifiable trends with respect to patient sex, tumor stage, or histologic type. We conclude that, contrary to previous reports, weak estrogen receptor staining occurs in a very small percentage of gallbladder carcinomas. Furthermore, although the minimum concentration of ER required for potential therapeutic benefit is unclear, the addition of hormonal therapy in patients with gallbladder cancer is not likely to alter the outcome of this malignancy.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Compliance of normal, dystrophic and transplanted mouse muscles.

Parallel and series compliances have been studied in extensor digitorum longus (fast) and soleus (slow) muscles in normal (strain C57BL/10) and dystrophic (strain mdx) mice, and in muscles regenerated after transplantation. Resting elasticity was analysed by measuring the tension-length relationship in unstimulated muscles. Passive tension is larger in mdx and in transplanted muscles than in their normal controls: at 1.15L0, passive tension is 0.12P0 in controls, 0.32P0 in mdx, and 0.40P0 in transplanted muscles. The differences are statistically significant. This indicates that passive tension is mainly determined by the amount of connective tissue. The stress-strain relationship of the series compliance was analysed by the method of isotonic releases during tetani. It is adequately described by a single exponential equation, with a rate constant of about 8P0/P. No difference was found between the various muscles studied. Extension of the series compliance at P0 is 0.02L0. Compliance is about 3% (L0/P0) at 0.2P0, and is not significantly different from zero at P0. Series compliance is thus very low in mouse muscles, substantially lower than in frog and rat muscles. Consequently, it can be neglected in studies of whole mouse muscle in which tension is higher than 0.4P0.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The role of imaging techniques in diagnostic evaluation of angiomyolipomas.

Renal AML are rare benign tumors of the kidneys consisting of fat tissue intermixed with thick-walled blood vessels and smooth muscle. Due to the easy access to modern imaging techniques more and more AML are detected incidentally during diagnostic evaluation of common urological disease before getting symptomatic (mostly flank pain, hematuria). The presence of a highly echodense renal mass on ultrasound and the detection of even small amounts of fat in CT usually allows to establish the diagnosis of AML. If these procedures give still equivocal results, angiography and MRI may become necessary. When report a case of a patient with AML where all the imaging techniques including magnetic resonance were nonconclusive. The correct diagnosis could only be established by histological examination after surgical resection. Indeed, the presence of a large hematoma had masked all the characteristic features of AML in this case.

Angiography↗
PubMed1990

Herniation of calcifying discopathy in childhood: report of three cases.

Herniation of the calcified nucleus pulposus through the fibrous annulus is unusual in childhood. We present three cases and have surveyed 32 cases in the literature. Most herniations are located in the lower cervical and upper thoracic spine. Herniation is usually symptomatic. Usually calcification decreases after some months. For most children conservative therapy with bedrest and analgesics is sufficient.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1990

Variability of clinical presentation of hepatic artery thrombosis in pediatric liver transplantation: role of imaging modalities.

Among a series of 90 pediatric liver transplantations, 9 cases of hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) in 8 patients are reported. All cases were diagnosed in the first two weeks and confirmed angiographically and surgically. Clinical presentation was often unreliable with only 2 cases showing the typical pattern of massive hepatic necrosis. Five cases presented with biliary complications and in 2 cases, HAT was discovered fortuitously on duplex sonography. The role of imaging modalities is emphasized. Duplex sonography is the best non-invasive screening method and we recommend a routine daily examination in the first 2 weeks. CT is the most useful method to assess the extension of liver infarction. PTC remains necessary to evaluate biliary complications and to plan the best therapeutic approach in this devastating event. Two patients died, 2 had to be retransplanted (one patient twice) and are doing well, 2 are on a waiting list for retransplantation and one underwent an emergency surgical arterial desobstruction and is completely asymptomatic.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Urinoma and arterial hypertension complicating neonatal renal candidiasis.

During antibiotic treatment for E. coli urinary tract infection and meningitis, a male new born developed a Candida albicans urinary tract infection with a mycotic kidney abscess and pelvicalyceal fungus balls diagnosed by US investigations and confirmed by radiology. Three weeks later a perirenal urinoma with arterial hypertension developed. After surgical treatment of the urinoma the arterial pressure returned to normal.

Abscess↗
PubMed1985

[Disk calcifications in children].

It is not unusual for intervertebral disk calcifications to be detected in pediatric practice, the 150 or so cases reported in the literature probably representing only a small proportion of lesions actually diagnosed. Case reports of 33 children with intervertebral disk calcifications were analyzed. In the majority of these patients (31 of 33) a diagnosis of "idiopathic" calcifications had been made, the cervical localization of the lesions being related to repeated ORL infections and/or trauma. A pre-existing pathologic factor was found in two cases (one child with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis treated by corticoids and one child with Williams and Van Beuren's syndrome). An uncomplicated course was noted in 31 cases, the symptomatology (pain, spinal stiffness and febricula) improving after several days. Complications developed in two cases: one child had very disabling dysphagia due to an anteriorly protruding cervical herniated disc and surgery was necessary; the other child developed cervicobrachial neuralgia due to herniated disc protrusion into the cervical spinal canal, but symptoms regressed within several days although calcifications persisted unaltered. These findings and the course of the rare complications documented in the literature suggest the need for the most conservative treatment possible in cases of disc calcifications in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Cost-benefit evaluation of systematic radiological diagnosis of congenital dislocated hip.

The question of radiological mass screening for congenital dislocated hip is still debated. We have tried to evaluate the cost-benefit ratio of radiological detection at the age of 3-4 months, taking into account the socio-economic cost and radiation risk. Assuming a frequency of this disorder of 1% the average cost of treatment of one case detected by X-ray screening at the age of 3-4 months, including the price of X-ray examinations of 99 normal babies, is 23,374 FF. The average cost of treatment of a case detected when walking (i.e. after 9 months) is 84,230 FF. The cost-benefit ratio is 3.6. In countries where the frequency reaches 2% the cost benefit ratio is 4.57. It also appears from our study that the irradiation of the patient is much smaller when the diagnosis is made earlier. Comparing the slight irradiation delivered to normal infants by this mass screening to the heavy irradiation received by a few individuals whose treatment is started after 9 months, the calculated risk of leukemia or of genetic disorder for the whole population still favours a systematic X-ray film of the pelvis at age 3-4 months. However, if it were decided to make obligatory this mass radiological detection programme during the fourth month of life, this would necessitate a serious effort to train all radiologists to obtain adequate films with the best radiation protection.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1984

Calcification associated with terminal defects of the upper extremity.

Four children who had calcifications associated with terminal defects of the upper extremity are reported. A review of the literature has revealed no previous report. Moreover, an examination of the radiographs of 65 children who had terminal defects of the upper limb failed to show any such calcifications. The exact cause of this association remains unknown.

Arm↗