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Biomedical subjects

P Sau

Publications and source records attributed to P Sau.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Superficial papillary adenomatosis of the nipple: a case report and review of the literature.

Superficial papillary adenomatosis of the nipple is a benign tumor of the ductal epithelium that clinically resembles Paget's disease. Histologically, the tumor is characterized by proliferating ductal structures lined by a double layer of columnar epithelium. Keratin cysts and apical intraluminal projections are commonly found. Since this entity's original description as "florid papillomatosis" in 1954, 174 cases have been reported in the English language literature. We review these cases and report a classic example.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1995

Verruciform xanthoma: a benign penile growth.

Verruciform xanthoma is a rare benign lesion. The majority of the cases occur on the oral mucosa. However, other sites, particularly the anogenital region, may be involved. We report the eleventh case in the literature of verruciform xanthoma of the penis. Genital verruciform xanthoma is significant because it can simulate verrucous carcinoma or invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Proper diagnosis by clinical recognition, adequate but limited biopsy and histopathological examination will avoid unnecessarily aggressive surgical procedures. The pertinent clinical and histological features of our case are described and the literature on penile verruciform xanthoma is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Proliferating epithelial cysts. Clinicopathological analysis of 96 cases.

Ninety-six proliferating cutaneous epithelial cysts were classified into two subtypes, proliferating trichilemmal cysts (PTC) and proliferating epidermoid cysts (PEC), depending on the mode of keratinization or the origin of the tumors. The clinicopathological features and the biological behavior of these two subtypes were compared. Among 63 patients with PTC, 45 (71%) were women and 18 (29%) were men. The most common site was the scalp (78%), followed by the trunk (13%). These tumors were well circumscribed subepidermal lesions and demonstrated uniform histologic pattern with varying degrees of cytologic atypia. A few tumors extended into the epidermis and occasionally became ulcerated. Follow-up of 59 (94%) PTC for an average of 4 years revealed recurrence in one. Ten tumors demonstrated carcinomatous changes including one with anaplastic carcinoma and regional lymph node metastasis. None of these tumors recurred or developed further metastasis following wide excision. Of 33 PECs, 12 (36%) occurred in women and 21 (64%) in men. These tumors were widely distributed in the pelvic and anogenital areas (36%), followed by the scalp (21%), upper extremities (18%), and trunk (15%). Seventy-nine percent of the PECs were located in areas outside the scalp. The PECs were subepidermal tumors but often communicated to the surface. The histologic pattern of PEC was more variable than that of PTC. Seven tumors exhibited carcinomatous changes. Follow-up of 30 (91%) PEC revealed local recurrences in 6, with multiple recurrences in 3, and extensive local invasion in 2, resulting in death in one. Greater anaplasia, high mitotic rate and deeper invasion were associated with increased incidence of recurrence and aggressive behavior. Although both PTC and PEC were locally aggressive tumors and potentially malignant, distant metastasis was unusual. These tumors should be treated with wide local excision, especially those showing cytologic atypia and carcinomatous changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

A child with antibodies targeting both linear IgA bullous dermatosis and bullous pemphigoid antigens.

BACKGROUND: Some patients with subepidermal blistering diseases show clinical, histologic, and immunopathologic features of both linear IgA bullous dermatosis and bullous pemphigoid. Such patients can be further characterized by defining the target of their circulating autoantibodies. We present the first case report of a child with linear deposits of IgA and IgG with circulating autoantibodies characteristic of both linear IgA bullous dermatosis and bullous pemphigoid. OBSERVATIONS: Widely distributed subepidermal vesicles showing neutrophils in the dermal papillae developed in a 3-year-old boy. Direct immunofluorescence microscopy of perilesional skin revealed linear deposits of IgA, IgG, and C3 in the epidermal basement membrane. The patient responded to therapy with dapsone, and after 6 months, it was possible to discontinue treatment. Circulating IgA antibodies from this child bound the epidermal side of 1-mol/L saline-split skin and immunoblotted the 97-kd linear IgA bullous dermatosis antigen. Circulating IgG antibodies bound the epidermal and, at low titer, dermal sides of split skin. These IgG antibodies immunoblotted and immunoprecipitated bullous pemphigoid antigens 1 and 2. CONCLUSIONS: Linear deposits of IgA and IgG in the epidermal basement membrane of patients with subepidermal bullous lesions may signify the coexistence of circulating autoantibodies directed against linear IgA bullous dermatosis and bullous pemphigoid antigens.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1994

Follicular degeneration syndrome in men.

BACKGROUND AND DESIGN: Follicular degeneration syndrome (FDS, formerly called hot comb alopecia) has only been described in black women. The clinical and histologic features of eight black men with a scarring alopecia resembling FDS were studied. OBSERVATIONS: All eight men had evidence of scarring alopecia, which was most prominent on the crown of the scalp. None of the men were using chemical or physical modalities to straighten or style the hair. Overall, this group of men had more evidence of active inflammation than did the previously described women with FDS. The histologic features in the men were identical to those found in women with FDS. The presence of premature desquamation of the inner root sheath and migration of the hair shaft through the outer root sheath serve as histologic markers of FDS and separate it histologically from other forms of scarring alopecia. CONCLUSIONS: Follicular degeneration syndrome is a common form of scarring alopecia in black men, just as it is in black women. In men, there is no association between chemical or mechanical hair styling techniques (eg, the "hot comb") and onset, progression, or severity of disease. The histologic features of FDS in men are identical to those in women.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Bowen's disease of the nail bed and periungual area. A clinicopathologic analysis of seven cases.

BACKGROUND: This article describes the clinical and histologic features of seven cases of Bowen's disease (BD) of the nail bed, evaluates the role of human papillomavirus in the bowenoid change, and discusses optimal therapy. OBSERVATION: The patients presented with the clinical features of verruca vulgaris (n = 3), nail dystrophy and onycholysis (n = 2), paronychia (n = 1), and acral melanoma (n = 1). Histologically, the lesions demonstrated acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, and anaplasia, involving the full thickness of the epithelium. In four cases, human papillomavirus type 16 was demonstrated by in situ hybridization. Six lesions were treated by Mohs micrographic surgery, and one case was treated with topical 5% fluorouracil. In two cases, lesions recurred 1 and 2 years following surgery. In the case treated with topical 5% fluorouracil, residual BD was found 6 weeks after therapy. This case was then treated by Mohs surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Bowen's disease of the nail bed and periungual area may present clinically as various inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. An important clinical finding in differentiating BD of the nail bed from verruca is the presence of scaling and onycholysis that are out of proportion to the verrucous changes. Human papillomavirus type 16 may be etiologically related to BD of the nail bed and periungual area. Mohs micrographic surgery is recommended for adequate excision and maximal preservation of normal tissue and function.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Pilomatrix carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Pilomatrix carcinoma, a malignant variant of pilomatrixoma, is extremely rare. The authors report 20 patients with pilomatrix carcinoma and review the pertinent literature. METHODS: Tumors showing histologic features of pilomatrix carcinoma were selected from the files of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Clinical data of the 20 selected patients were reviewed, and follow-up information was obtained. Sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin were studied in all patients. Special stains were used in selected patients. RESULTS: Pilomatrix carcinomas were asymptomatic dermal and subcutaneous masses with a predilection for the posterior neck and back. Tumors varied in size, from 1-10 cm (mean, 4.6 cm), and occurred more often in middle-age men, with a male:female ratio of 4:1 (mean age, 45 years). Histologically, pilomatrix carcinomas are characterized by sheets and islands of proliferating atypical basaloid cells with an infiltrating border. Transition to squamous cells, clear cells, areas of necrosis and mitoses often are seen. Keratinization with formation of keratin cysts, shadow cells, and trichohyalin and keratohyalin granules are found in all tumors, in conjunction with calcification and foreign body giant cell reaction, just as are seen in benign pilomatrixoma. Follow-up of 17 patients revealed local recurrence in 10 (59%), with multiple recurrences in 3. One patient had pulmonary metastasis, and one died of extensive local spread of the tumor. CONCLUSION: Pilomatrix carcinomas are locally aggressive tumors that have a tendency to recur, especially when they are incompletely excised. Greater anaplasia and deep soft tissue infiltration were associated with a higher incidence of recurrence and death. Wide excision is the preferred treatment. The role of radiation therapy is unclear.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Pigmented spindle cell nevus: a clinicopathologic analysis of ninety-five cases.

BACKGROUND: Pigmented spindle cell nevus (PSCN) is often interpreted as a Spitz nevus or misdiagnosed as malignant melanoma. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical and histologic features and to determine the biologic behavior of 95 cases of PSCN. METHODS: We reviewed clinical data, follow-up information, and microscopic features of all 95 cases of PSCN. RESULTS: PSCNs are dark brown to black, 3 to 6 mm in diameter, and occur most commonly on the extremities (75%) and back (16%) with a predilection for the legs. These lesions are more common in women in the third decade of life. Microscopically, PSCNs are characterized by uniform, spindle-shaped, pigmented melanocytes. Although some histologic features overlap with those in spindle and epithelioid cell nevus, PSCN is a separate entity. In addition, PSCN must be differentiated from malignant melanoma. Fifty-seven patients (60%) observed for an average of 6 years did not develop local recurrence or metastasis. CONCLUSION: PSCN is a distinctive, acquired, benign melanocytic lesion, that should not be confused with spindle and epithelioid cell nevus or malignant melanoma. Complete excision is recommended for treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma associated with reflex sympathetic dystrophy.

A patient with long-standing reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the foot developed an aggressive epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the involved extremity. The tumor metastasized to a regional lymph node and later to the lungs. The features of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma and reflex sympathetic dystrophy are reviewed.

Adult↗