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Biomedical subjects

P Sarrat

Publications and source records attributed to P Sarrat.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Comparative study of scintigraphy, x-ray computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of osteonecrosis of the hip and algodystrophy].

Effectiveness of modern imaging techniques were compared when used for diagnosis of the painful hip in adults, particularly the distinction between aseptic osteonecrosis and decalcifying osteodystrophy. Although a small number of patients were studied (5 cases of osteonecrosis and 5 of decalcification) the series was homogeneous (same investigator for each technique and identical equipment for each patient), and the different methods of investigation (conventional radiology, scintigraphy computed scanography CE 10,000 and 0.15 resistive NMR imaging) could be validly compared. NMR images were recorded in only 5 patients but evaluation involved findings during use of this method of hip investigation over a period of 8 months. Results of comparison of the different imaging methods in osteonecrosis and osteodystrophy of hip showed conventional radiology to be much less effective for diagnosis. Conventional bone scintigraphy appeared to provide a good diagnostic approach, while C.T. images appeared to be as effective or even more specific than scintigraphy for differential diagnosis of the two affections. The only uncertainty is based on the radiologic latency in early stage disease, probably able to be filled by a densitometry. The use of NMR imaging appears to be promising, since it provides data as early as scintigraphy and as specific as scanography, particularly in view of apparent discrimination between osteonecrosis and osteodystrophy of the hip with respect to measurement of relaxation parameters.

Bone Diseases, Developmental↗
PubMed1985

[Contribution of immunology to the differentiation of arteritis in young persons. Apropos of 2 cases].

The authors report two observations of T.A.O. placed under the heading of "Systems Affections" after the discovery of immunologic abnormalities. Vascular troubles in L.E.A.D. and generalised sclerodermis are, apart from the Raynaud Syndrom, exceptional. They oriente specially towards a T.A.O., and in absence of caracteristic symptoms, they retard the diagnosis of a connective. The reader is reminded of the characteristics of the "Buerger Affection" which must no longer be considered as unique anatomoclinic entity, due to modern immunologic and phlebologic exams.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Radiologic diagnosis of acoustic neurinoma. Apropos of 130 patients].

Diagnostic value of radiologic examinations was assessed in a homogeneous series of 130 cases of neurinoma of acoustic nerve seen over the last 10 years. Radiologic exploration is conceived and used at the present time for two purposes. Firstly, it enables selection of patients with suspected acoustic nerve neurinoma. Radiotomography appears to be currently an accessory examination because of the discriminative performance of early auditory evoked potentials tests on the brain stem. Secondly, radiology is necessary for confirmation of diagnosis. Visualization of the tumoral syndrome can be obtained only by a scan or possibly opaque or gas meatocisternography.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1985

[Immature cutaneous hemangiomas. Epidemiologic study of 351 cases].

The purpose of this study was to determine the course of cutaneous immature angiomas in a population of 362 children examined in a pediatric dermatology unit from 1975 to 1982. 461 angiomas were observed in these patients: 110 were of the naevus flammaeus type (port wine stain) including 23 forehead salmon patches. 351 were immature angiomas (IA)--strawberry angiomas. 3.5 p. 100 of children were afflicted of two types of hemangiomas. Results concerning the 282 patients with 351 IA are detailed as followed: average follow-up: 2 years; sex-ratio M/S 1.9, most of them Caucasians. Prematurity (data obtained prospectively during 1982): 19 p. 100; clinical features: dermal: 253, subcutaneous: 35, mixed pattern 63; 2 IA or more were detected in 12 p. 100 of the patients; site: head and neck; 49 p. 100, trunk: 21 p. 100, upper limbs: 14.5 lower limbs: 12 p. 100, genitals 3.5 p. 100; maximal size during follow-up: less than 1 cm: 36 p. 100, between 1 and 3 cm: 43 p. 100, more than 3 cm; 21 p. 100; time of onset: 51 p. 100 were noted at birth, 35 p. 100 during the first month, 13 p. 100 after the first month. Course of untreated IA is shown in figure 1. At the end of follow-up, spontaneous evolution in 52 patients was judged; very good in 44 p. 100, good in 41 p. 100, poor or bad in 15 p. 100. Minor complications (ulceration, infection, bleeding) were observed in 12.8 p. 100. Functional impairment requiring therapy was present in 2/4 plantar IA, 3/30 eyelid IA, 3/3 IA with laryngeal involvement.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Detection of intracardiac thrombi by scintigraphy with indium111-labeled platelets. Correlation with 2-dimensional echography and cardiac scanning].

The aim of this study was to use scintigraphy with Indium III marked platelets to detect intracardiac thrombi. Platelet marking was performed with the patient's own platelets and Indium III oxinate. The date was recorded and treated with a gamma-camera-computer system. The results obtained in 45 patients (36 male, 9 female, aged 38 to 80 years, mean age 61 years) were compared with those of 2D echocardiography in all cases, and with CAT in 30 cases. Seventeen patients (13 myocardial infarcts, 2 cardiomyopathies with dilatation, 2 mitral stenoses) were considered to have intracardiac thrombi on platelet scintigraphy with foci of hyperfixation increasing with time, clearly distinguishable from circulating cardiac activity. Sixteen of these cases had appearances of thrombosis on 2D echo (14 left ventricle, and 2 left atrium) and 12 cases had a triple positive result (2D echo, CAT and platelet scintigraphy). One patient had positive platelet scintigraphy and negative 2D echo and CAT. In the 24 cases with negative platelets scintigraphy, an intracardiac thrombus was demonstrated by 2D echo and CAT scanning in 2 cases. Two out of 4 patients with transient hyperfixation had appearances of a large chronic thrombus on 2D echo and CAT. The efficacy of therapy was monitored in 3 patients on heparin and 4 patients on platelet antiaggregants. These results show that platelet scintigraphy is a highly specific method of detecting intracardiac thrombi. It is less sensitive than 2D echo because it depends on the haematological activity of the thrombus, making it a useful technique for assessing the efficacy of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Cholesteatomas of the fronto-orbital region].

Three cases of primary fronto-orbital cholesteatoma are reported and the relevant ORL and neurosurgical literature reviewed. Clinical diagnosis of this rare affection is not simple but is suggested by signs of infero-internal exophthalmus, an external orbital mass or exteriorized sinusitis after chronic headache. Two characteristic features are seen on radiology. The essential therapeutic problem is to prevent late recurrences, their frequency appearing to have been underestimated. Secondary cholesteatoma of iatrogenic or post-traumatic development is seen more rarely, and produces an endosinus disease treated surgically through a conventional para-lateronasal approach. Primary cholesteatoma, the more common variety, originates in the frontal diploë, is perisinusal in location and can extend into neighboring structures, particularly the external orbital apophysis. A CT Scan is essential in order to detect endocrine extension. A surgical approach adapted to the perisinusal localization of the lesion must be adopted, as for example the Cairns-Unterberger approach.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Early diagnosis of acoustic neurinoma. Tumors less than 2 centimeters].

Computerized gas meatography ( CGM ) represents the must reliable method for detection of stages I and II of acoustic neurinomas. A critical study of its indications was conducted based of results in a series of 14 tumors of less than 2 cm diameter and of 43 CGM . Although early auditory evoked potentials are currently the most significant selection criteria, procedures for detecting retrocochlear lesions remain unchanged, particularly for the ENT specialist.

Deafness↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical and etiological aspects of erythema multiforme. A propos of 40 cases].

The authors analyse 40 cases of erythema multiforme (including twenty children under fifteen) seen over a five-year period at the Sick Children's Hospital in Bordeaux, Bullous erythematous target lesions of the skin were associated, in most cases, with pluri-orificial ulcerations on the mucous membranes and, less frequently, with more or less severe systemic or visceral symptoms. Borderline cases were observed, associating features of erythema multiforme simplex and of Lyell disease with variable degrees of dermoepidermal blistering and epidermal necrosis. Infection (32.5% of cases) is a more common etiology in children than in adults; the main pathogens are herpes simplex virus, vaccinia pox virus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Drug-induced forms (37% of cases), which are more often seen in adults than in children, are usually due to sulfonamides or antiinflammatory agents. In 30% of cases, no etiology could be demonstrated. Attention is drawn to the frequency of facial vespertilial erythema, as well as the possible occurrence of severe conjunctival sequellae. The connections between erythema multiforme, fixed drug-induced eruptions, and Lyell disease are discussed: only the last, which implies dermoepidermal cleavage, can be categorized with erythema multiforme. The staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, in which the epidermolysin of Staphylococcus aureus type II 71 is responsible for a superficial cleavage, proceeds from entirely different mechanisms and should be regarded as totally distinct from erythema multiforme.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Periungual capillaroscopy in children with scleroderma and dermatomyositis].

The capillary microscopy is of high value for the early diagnosis of scleroderma: the pattern of megacapillaries is classical in adults. The authors describe the original observation of ramified capillaries in children's with systemic scleroderma (two cases) and dermatomyositis (one case). Such observations lead them to discuss several hypothesis regarding pathogeny (neo-angiogenesis), prognosis and diagnosis of children connectivities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Diffuse poikiloderma with acrokeratosis, preceded by bullous lesions: Weary-Kindler's disease. Nosologic and histopathologic discussion].

The authors report the case of a six and a half year old girl, with extensive poikilodermatous condition and acrokeratosis, preceded by early blistering and light sensitivity. The sequence of cutaneous symptoms suggests the diagnosis of hereditary and bullous acrokeratotic poikiloderma of Weary and Kindler; forty-two cases have already been reported in the literature and our patient would better fit into Kindler's type. The original findings under electron microscopy and direct immunofluorescence (colloid bodies, IgM deposition) that are reported herein are discussed from a pathogenic point of view.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1980

[Contribution of computed tomography in the staging of abdominal malignant lymphomas (author's transl)].

The authors present their experience of Computed Tomography in the staging of abdominal sub-diaphragmatic extension in 144 cases of malignant lymphoma of the lymph nodes (76 cases of Hodgkin's disease and 68 non-Hodgkin lymphomas). The method provides accurate information on sub-mesocolic lymph node involvement, particularly when hypertrophy is pronounced. It may also be used to assess supra-mesocolic extension of the disease, which is inaccessible to lymphography, and to study the size and, mainly, the structure of the liver and spleen tissues. Easy to perform reliable and non-invasive, the scanner constitutes a new and important means of assessing the extension, course and response to treatment of malignant lymphomas.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗