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Biomedical subjects

P Santamaria

Publications and source records attributed to P Santamaria.

61 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Polyhomeotic: a gene of Drosophila melanogaster required for correct expression of segmental identity.

A new locus in Drosophila melanogaster that is required for the correct expression of segmental identity has been discovered. The new locus, termed polyhomeotic (ph), is X-linked and maps cytologically to bands 2D2-3. Homozygous ph flies have homeotic transformations similar to those of known dominant gain of function mutants in the Antennapedia and bithorax complexes (ANT-C, BX-C), and in addition show loss of the humerus. ph interacts with three other similar mutations: Polycomb (Pc), Polycomblike (Pcl), and extra sex comb (esc), and acts as a dominant enhancer of Pc. The expression of ph depends on the ANT-C and BX-C dosage. ph has no embryonic phenotype, but temperature shift studies on ph2 show that the ph+ product is required during embryogenesis and larval development. We propose that ph mutants in some way disrupt the normal expression of the ANT-C and BX-C, and, therefore, that ph+ is needed for maintenance of segmental identity.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Partial rescue of dorsal, a maternal effect mutation affecting the dorso-ventral pattern of the Drosophila embryo, by the injection of wild-type cytoplasm.

Mutant alleles at the maternal effect locus dorsal cause a dorsalization of the Drosophila embryo. In extreme mutants, the embryos develop exclusively structures which derive from the dorsal-most region in normal eggs, in less strong phenotypes in addition to dorsal structures, structures normally derived from a dorso-lateral to lateral egg region are formed. Injection of cytoplasm from wild-type embryos into mutant embryos partially restores the dorso-ventral pattern in that injected embryos develop additional structures never formed in uninjected control embryos or embryos injected with mutant cytoplasm. The phenotype of injected embryos resembles that of weaker alleles at the dorsal locus indicating that the wild-type cytoplasm partially rescues the mutant phenotype. The response of the mutant embryos is restricted to the site of injection and occurs only when cytoplasm is injected into the ventral and not into the dorsal side of mutant embryos. The rescuing activity appears to be equally distributed in cleavage stage wild-type embryos, whereas, in syncytial blastoderm embryos, cytoplasm from the ventral side is about twice as effective as that taken from the dorsal side.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1983

Analysis of haploid mosaics in Drosophila.

Adult chimeric epidermal structures were obtained following transplantation of haploid nuclei from haploid donor embryos of Drosophila into genetically marked diploid embryos. The haploid nuclei either remained haploid or became diploid. Where possible, physical measurements indicated that the haploid cells were smaller and produced smaller cuticular structures than did diploid cells. An increase in the number of pattern elements was observed in many patches which, by various criteria, were judged to be formed by haploid cells. The observation of altered pattern element spacing in haploid patches is in agreement with the conclusion, reached by L. I. Held (1979, Wilhelm Roux's Arch. 187, 105-127) in triploid flies, that bristle spacing is a function of cell size.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Segmental determination of sensory neurons in Drosophila.

The analysis of flies where one segment is transformed into another by mutation or by experimental treatment shows that the central projection of a sensory neuron depends on its segmental determination. The genetic functions that control the segmental determination of neurons and of epidermal cells appear to be distinct, but they have common regulatory features.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

Developmental analysis of the wing disc in the mutant engrailed of Drosophila melanogaster.

The engrailed (en) mutation leads to the transformation of the posterior structures of the dorsal mesothoracic disc into those characteristic of the anterior region of the same disc. Similar posterior-anterior duplications have been detected in dorsal as well as ventral structures of all the thoracic segments. -Genetic combinations of en with other pattern mutants have shown their synergistic effect on the posterior wing pattern.-A clonal analysis of the en wing disc shows that en affects its development in a characteristic way. The genetic change, by induced mitotic recombination, of en(+) into en cells is followed by the corresponding transformation, except when it takes place some cell divisions prior to differentiation.-The en posterior wing disc cells show positive affinities with normal anterior wing disc cells in aggregates.-The mode of action of the en(+) locus controlling wing disc development is discussed.

Age Factors↗