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Biomedical subjects

P Salzarulo

Publications and source records attributed to P Salzarulo.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Sentence memory and sleep: a pilot study.

In four consecutive weekly sessions 12 subjects, aged 20--25 years, listened to a sentence stimulus before the onset of sleep and were asked to reproduce it after an awakening provoked during stage 2 or REM sleep of the first cycle. Recall of the sentence stimuli heard before sleep was affected by their semantic acceptability, but was unaffected by the sleep type (REM/NREM) or by the length of waking preceding sleep. The differing retention intervals involved for the recall tests after REM and NREM sleep may, however, have masked any effect of the former on recall.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Linguistic organization and cognitive implications of REM and NREM sleep-related reports.

Verbal reports related to REM and NREM sleep were subjected to syntactic (taking Chomskian standard theory as model) and pragmatic analysis (pause distribution within and between kernel sentences). Both in REM and NREM-verbal reports descriptions of the mental experience during sleep were syntactically correct and indicated little difficulty in lexical choice and little emotion. Even though the strategy appears to be the same (sequential) in both cases, the retrieval of content appears to be more difficult after NREM than after REM sleep. Perhaps different degrees of content consolidation in memory occur during the two types of sleep.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Continuous feeding and the waking-sleeping rhythm in children].

Twelve children aged 1 to 8 months with severe intestinal disorders that had necessitated treatment from birth with continuous parenteral and/or enteral nutrition were recorded for 24 hours. The analysis of the EEG, their behaviour and their activity showed that the distribution of sleep and movement during the night was similar to that of normal babies fed on demand. The total duration of sleep and the longest sustained sleep were slightly reduced. The authors think that the suppression of feeding rhythms do not alter the pattern of waking and sleeping.

Electroencephalography↗
PubMed1978

Sleep and memory: reproduction of syntactic structures previously evoked within REM sleep-related reports.

7 subjects, aged 19 to 25 yr., who evoked syntactic verbal material in the report made after awakening during REM sleep, were asked to reproduce it a few minutes later. No big differences had been obsered between the two recalls; all recalled verbal materials, many sentences and kernel-sentences reappeared. These results indicate a good consolidation of the material obtained after awakening during REM sleep.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Striate cortex potentials related to eye movements in the light and in darkness in the waking human.

Potentials in relation to eye movements were studied by means of direct recording of the striate cortex in a waking man. In a lighted environment, the usual evoked potential--lambda response--was obtained and was clearly visible after each eye movement. In complete darkness no individual potential was observable by means of visual analysis after each eye movement, but a slow potential of low amplitude could be obtained by superimposition and averaging of the cortical striate activity time-locked to the start of a series of eye movements. This eye-movement potential showed a longer latency and a lower amplitude than the lambda response. These data are discussed in reference to those obtained in the cat and the monkey; the significance of this eye-movement potential in darkness as a 'corollary discharge' is considered.

Darkness↗
PubMed1975

[Electrophysiologic semiology of daytime sleep in 7 to 9-year-old children].

The afternoon sleep of 12 children aged 7-9 was studied; its electrophysiological indices and sequential organization were described and compared to those of afternoon sleep of adults and to those of night sleep of adults and children. The EEG indices which differentiate sleep patterns of children from adults' were the following: abundance of slow rhythms from onset of sleep; absence of low voltage fast activity at sleep onset and during REM sleep; early appearance of a large amount of transitory potentials in the form of sharp rolandic waves and sharp occipital waves. Moreover, either focal or generalized paroxysmal discharges occasionally occurred. Even when it covers a complete sleep cycle, the afternoon sleep of children appears shorter than both that of adults and the first cycle of night sleep in children of the same age. The organization of sleep components does not allow identification of the classical stages defined in adults nor to describe homogeneous stages which are specific to children. The very atypical character of REM sleep also makes it difficult to differentiate unequivocally the classical slow and paradoxical sleeps. The significance of rolandic and occipital sharp transients is discussed; the role of maturation and the influence of the time of occurrence within the circadian rhythm are considered, in order to explain the phenomenological and temporal characteristics of day sleep in children.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Effect of a memory retrieval task on recall of verbal material obtained after awakening from sleep.

After 66 awakenings from sleep without spontaneous recall of verbal material in the report, the subjects were submitted to a memory retrieval task concerning this kind of material. In 39.3% of the awakenings we found either syntactic, semantic or generic material (the latter never appeared in spontaneous recall); differences are found between fast sleep and slow wave sleep concerning semantic and generic material. The results are discussed in relation to the problem of retrieval and of hypothetical coding and verbal material assessments.

Adult↗