Applying time-frequency analysis to seizure EEG activity.
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Algorithms↗
Biomedical subjects
P Salgado
Publications and source records attributed to P Salgado.
[A statistical analysis of 1300 patients with dizziness-vertigo. Its most frequent causes].
PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analysed the records of the individuals who were attended because of dizziness or vertigo in the vestibular sector, with the aim of describing the epidemiological clinical profile of a group of patients with such symptoms. 1300 patients were systematically evaluated according to our neuro otological examination protocol. Diagnoses were ordered, according to the international classification reported by Drachman and later modified by Bahlo, in four categories: 1. Vertigo, 2. Instability, 3. Pre syncope and 4. Miscellaneous. Each of these classes was organised according to the topography of the lesion and these were in turn grouped by aetiologies (viral, vascular, tumoural, demyelinating, post traumatic, idiopathic, autoimmune, etc.). The data were stored and analysed in a computer database, Epi info 6.02 (OMS 1994), which was especially adapted by the researchers for the purpose. RESULTS: 63.1% were women. The average age was 55.5 years old (SD: 17.5, interval: 4 93). Vertigo was diagnosed in 68.9%, instability was found in 12.4%, 1.8% presented syncope and miscellaneous disorders occurred in 16.9% (of these, 64.1% had disorders of the central integrator and 16.4% were of a psychogenic origin). Of the 1300 patients, 896 presented vertigo; the positional type was seen in 54%, sustained in 6.5%, recurrent in 27.7% and 11.8% were found to have the otolithic type. CONCLUSIONS: The relevance of the epidemiological work based on clinical evaluation and the thorough neuro otological examination in our medium must be highlighted. These findings were similar to those reported in the international literature in more delimited series.
Adolescent↗
[Data base for patients with balance disorders].
INTRODUCTION: With the aim of integrating clinical thinking and obtaining epidemiological and biostatistical results in long series of patients who present balance disorders, we have developed a neuro otological protocol and its corresponding database. This offers answers to the questions of how to assess the patient, how to conduct a clinical interview correctly, and which complementary studies should be requested and how. RESULTS: The information from the protocol is stored and analysed in our database, which was designed in the Epi Info software application, produced by CDC (NIH, USA), in collaboration with the WHO Global Program on AIDS. The application, which we call ENO LK, has already been used to store data concerning 1,100 patients whose average age is 54.5 years old and 62.8% of which were females (SD 18, range 4 93). 69.1% were diagnosed as suffering from vertigo, 12.7% displayed instability, 1.9% syncope and 16.3% had other causes (37% psychogenic and 28% disorders affecting the central integrator). Of the 760 patients with vertigo, in 55% it was positional (60% of these were idiopathic benign), 6.3% were sustained (peripheral causes accounted for 74% and a vascular aetiology was predominant in the central causes), 26.6% were recurring and 12.1% otolithic (in this series the vertigos all had a central aetiology). CONCLUSIONS: With this application the user has the possibility of obtaining epidemiological and diagnostic conclusions efficiently and effectively, as well as aiding to follow up all patients who present balance disorders.
Adolescent↗
[New assessment variables in the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) allow an early and easy diagnosis of degrees of cognitive impairment].
OBJECTIVE: We developed new subroutines and scoring procedures of the CDT to detect markers of early cognitive impairment. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We compared the performance of 41 mild Alzheimer's patients (AD) (MMSE 22.7+/-3.2); and 18 mild cognitive impairment patients (MCI) (MMSE 28.3+/-1.4), with 33 age and education matched normal controls (NC) regarding their ability in drawing a clock on command, copying a printed clock, setting hands and reading the time. We search for differences in the placement of the hands using a colloquial hour code ("a quarter to ten") and a formal numeric code ("10:45"). We focused our attention on placement and clock hands size. The drawing of hands pointing at 2:50 hs and 8:40 hs were of particular interest. RESULTS: Planning strategies, placement of clock hands using a formal numeric code, clock hands size and hands drawing pointing at 2:50 hs. and 8:40 hs. were the variables that best discriminated AD, MCI and NC ( p<0.01). A stepwise regression analysis using as dependent variables (AD - NC ) and (MCI - NC) showed in both cases that the best predictor model was that formed by: planning strategies, clock hands pointing to 8:40, clock hands size, reading hours and set up clock hands following a formal numeric code (p<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our proposed modifications in this test convert it in an appropriate tool for cognitive impairment screening because they do not only detect visuoconstructional abilities but also frontal planning, contents and processing of the hour memory code and transcodification of semantic memory processes.
Aged↗
MR imaging in cysticercotic encephalitis.
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Acute Disease↗
The acute encephalitic phase of neurocysticercosis: computed tomographic manifestations.
Brain infestation by Cysticercus cellulosae, the larval form of Taenia solium, is a common disorder in Mexico and other Latin American countries, Asia, Africa, and some Eastern European countries. Recent immigration has caused an increase in the number of cases of neurocysticercosis in the United States. This work describes the acute encephalitic form of neurocysticercosis in 26 cases. The clinicopathologic and neuroradiologic manifestations are discussed with particular emphasis on the use of computed tomography as a main diagnosis modality which demonstrates multiple diffuse (85%) or localized (15%) enhancing nodules associated with severe edema.
Acute Disease↗