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Biomedical subjects

P S Hasleton

Publications and source records attributed to P S Hasleton.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Incidence of synchronous and metachronous colorectal carcinoma.

Two hundred and twenty-three patients with colorectal carcinoma were treated consecutively at the University Hospital of South Manchester from May 1976 to January 1981. Twenty-four patients (10.7 per cent) were found to have more than one colorectal carcinoma. In 18 patients this was recognized either immediately or within 6 months of the initial diagnosis--synchronous carcinoma. In the other six cases a second carcinoma was found at a later time--metachronous carcinoma. The incidence of synchronous, and consequently the combined incidence of synchronous and metachronous carcinoma, was higher than previously documented. The anatomical distribution of the multiple carcinomas and the sex incidence in these patients was similar to that seen in patients with a single carcinoma of the large bowel. A high association of adenomatous polypi with multiple large bowel carcinomas was observed. The possibility of more extensive colonic resection in the younger patient with a favourable carcinoma is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

An unusual variant of multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome: a case report.

A case of multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome (MEN) in a 57-year-old woman with multiple endocrine tumours involving the pancreas, parathyroid and thyroid glands is reported. An unusual feature was the presence of collision tumours in the pituitary and adrenal. In the pituitary there were adenomas and a meningioma whereas in the adrenal there was a carcinoma along with a myelolipoma. Such collision tumours in the pituitary and adrenal as components of MEN syndrome have not been previously described.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

Pneumatosis coli: a case report with ultrastructural study.

A case of pneumatosis intestinalis studied by light and electron microscopy is presented. The cysts are dilated lymphatic vessels. Abundant fine fatty globules are found in the cysts and in the histiocytes and multinucleated giant cells which line the lymphatics and which are present in the interstitium. The giant cell formation and florid histiocytic reaction are most probably due to leakage of fatty material from the dilated lymphatics.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Quantitation of pulmonary megakaryocytes and fibrin thrombi in patients dying from burns.

Pulmonary megakaryocytes and fibrin microthrombi were counted in lung sections from 22 patients dying from extensive burns. There was a significant correlation between numbers of megakaryocytes and fibrin microthrombi, supporting a relationship between disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and numbers of pulmonary megakaryocytes. No correlation was found between antemortem platelet counts and either fibrin microthrombi or megakaryocytes. Possible explanations for this are forwarded and the nature of pulmonary megakaryocytes discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Microvascular studies in human radiation bowel disease.

The microvasculature was investigated in the normal bowel (n = 43 patients) and in radiation bowel disease (n = 18 patients). Tissue samples obtained from postoperative colectomy specimens in which the intramural vessels had been perfused with barium sulphate suspension were examined. Microradiography was used to study vascular pattern which was abnormal in radiation bowel disease. A recently described radiograph fluorescence system was used to estimate barium concentration, and hence microvascular volume. The radiation group showed a highly significant reduction in barium concentration (p less than 0.001), when compared with the normal group. This reduction was diffuse in samples from 15 patients who had received combined intracavity and external radiotherapy, but localised in two patients who had received intracavity treatment only. It is concluded that microvascular compromise is an important factor in the natural history of radiation bowel disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Cutaneous vasculitis and immune complexes in severe bronchiectasis.

Four patients with severe bronchiectasis (chronic bronchial suppuration) are described who developed cutaneous lesions associated with exacerbations of their respiratory disease. The skin abnormalities consisted of purpuric lesions in three patients and an erythematous vasculitis in one. Circulating immune complexes were present in all patients and in three skin biopsy specimens showed deposition of C3, IgG, and IgA in dermal blood vessels. Haemophilus influenzae had been isolated from the sputum of all four patients and in two patients was present at the time the cutaneous lesions appeared. It is suggested that local immune complex deposition was responsible for the skin lesions which occurred during acute exacerbations of bronchiectasis.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Adult respiratory distress syndrome--a review.

Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) represents a common pathway of damage to the lungs by a wide variety of different agents. The important aetiological factors and mechanisms of lung injury are considered. Electron microscopic features as well as light microscopy are described. Factors that may modify the pathological picture are discussed. Probably the most important of these is oxygen. This gas is said to produce interstitial pulmonary fibrosis but this concept is once again questioned.

Bronchopneumonia↗
PubMed1983

The lung parenchyma in burns.

A clinicopathological correlation of the lungs on 68 cases dying from burns was carried out. The patients were divided into two main groups. Those in which the burns were the main cause of death (30 cases) and the others that had other serious underlying pathology as well as burns (38 cases). The cases were analysed sequentially in order that the evolution of the pulmonary changes could be studied. Note was made of the level of inspired oxygen received by the patient. The pulmonary changes were similar in both cases. In the first 48 h there was congestion of the alveolar walls, capillary proliferation, interstitial and intra-alveolar oedema and intra-alveolar haemorrhage. 'Giant endothelial cells' appeared at 24 h. After 48 h there were many of these structures along with intravascular microthrombi denoting disseminated intravascular coagulation. Pneumonia and septicaemia were common findings after 48 h. In some of the septicaemic patients there was basophilic staining both in the blood vessel wall as well as inside the lumen. Hyaline membranes were uncommon, being found in only four cases. Similarly interstitial and intra-alveolar fibrosis were uncommon. Interstitial fibrosis was present in only 8/30 cases where burns were the main cause of death, and in some of these there were other causes for the fibrosis. No correlation was found between the presence of hyaline membranes, interstitial fibrosis and the percentage or duration of oxygen therapy. These findings once again question the validity of the concept of oxygen toxicity in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Nuclear diameter in parathyroid disease.

The nuclear diameter of chief cells was measured in 17 cases of parathyroid adenomas, four cases of secondary hyperplasia, five cases of primary hyperplasia and six cases of tertiary hyperparathyroidism. All the cases with secondary hyperplasia and tertiary hyperparathyroidism were associated with chronic renal failure. The nuclear diameter in both the adenomatous and hyperplastic areas of tertiary hyperparathyroidism were measured. The adenomatous areas of tertiary hyperparathyroidism contained nuclei of a larger diameter than those in the hyperplastic foci of the same gland. The nuclear diameter in adenomatous foci of tertiary hyperparathyroidism was similar to that in adenomas from primary hyperparathyroidism. These findings lend support to the concept of formation of autonomous adenomas against a background of reactive parathyroid hyperplasia in cases of tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Using statistical methods there were differences between the nuclear diameter in cases of primary adenomata, and cases of primary and secondary hyperplasia. Primary parathyroid hyperplasia stood out as a distinct group. The significance of these findings is discussed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1982

Micronodular adrenal disease: a light and electron microscopic study.

A case of Cushing's syndrome due to micronodular adrenal disease in a 17-year-old girl is presented. The adrenals showed both black and yellow nodules. Histologically the cells contained lipofuschin and either had a clear cytoplasm or an eosinophilic cytoplasm with a prominent nucleus. Lymphocytes were a prominent feature. No cells of the zona reticularis were identified. The cell of origin of these nodules appeared to be from the inner layer of the zona fasciculata. We postulate that the disease is caused by an abnormality in the migration and ultimate destruction of cells from the zona fasciculata to the zona reticularis with a build up of cells at the interface zone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Oxygen toxicity.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1981

A dilutional immunoperoxidase study of proliferative ductal lesions and carcinomata of the breast.

A dilutional immunoperoxidase study of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) reactivity of mild and severe epitheliosis as well as malignant ductal and lobular lesions of the breast was performed. Intraduct carcinoma with a cribriform and clinging patterns showed intracytoplasmic, glycocalyceal and intraluminal staining for CEA at higher dilutions of antiserum than cases with mild and severe epitheliosis. Also, many intraduct carcinomas associated with infiltration stain at a lower concentration of antiserum to CEA than pure intraduct lesions. Staining is seen at lowest concentrations in the infiltrating components. This suggests that as intraduct carcinoma becomes invasive, it loses some of its ability to store and possibly to synthesize CEA. The dilutional immunoperoxidase method could be applied routinely to cases of severe epitheliosis to differentiate them from intraduct carcinoma. However, relatively few cases were studied in this preliminary series and a further study is being carried out. The difficulties encountered using CEA as a tumour marker are outlined.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a light microscopical and ultrastructural study.

A case of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia developing a patient with treated diffuse lymphocytic lymphoma is described. The electron microscopic features and life cycle of the organism are illustrated. The patient died twenty-four hours after the biopsy had been taken. Septrin appeared to have affected the trophozoite stage. Pneumocystis carinii appears to induce interstitial pulmonary oedema and fibrosis. A discussion of the role of electron microscopy in early diagnosis of the disease is presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Effect of oxygen on the lungs after blast injury and burns.

In March 1979 there was an explosion in a coalmine in Lancashire. As a result three men were found dead down the mine and a further seven men, all with extensive burns, died between the third and thirteenth day after the explosion. The lungs were studied in all the cases. Pulmonary infection was the commonest cause of death. Despite high levels of oxygen being given to these seven men, only one case showed a focal intra-alveolar fibrosis. In this case the inspired oxygen requirement came down before death. The toxicity of oxygen in the short term management of patients with severe trauma is questioned.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1980

The parathyroid in chronic renal failure-- a light and electron microscopical study.

The parathyroids from ten consecutive cases of chronic renal failure coming to operation in a period of seven years were studied by light and electron microscopy. The clinical and biochemical data as well as the levels of immunoreactive parathormone (iPTH) were reviewed. For the sake of comparison adenomata from two cases of primary hyperparathyroidism were studied. In the cases of chronic ;renal failure there were six cases of tertiary hyperparathyroidism with adenoma formation, surrounded by dense fibrous tissue and compression of adjacent parathyroid cell amidst a background of hyperplasia. Two cases showed secondary parathyroid hyperplasia and the remaining two cases were adenomata which clinically affected only one gland. Neither the biochemical data nor levels of iPTH allowed the cases with secondary hyperplasia to be separated from those with tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Similarly electron microscopy showed no distinct differences between these two groups of adenomata from cases of primary hyperparathyroidism. The diagnosis of tertiary hyperparathyroidism is made on a combination of clinical, biochemical and histological features, the histological features being most important. It is concluded that tertiary hyperparathyroidism is part of a histological spectrum in response to chronic renal failure and autonomous glands are related to the mass of parathyroid tissue present.

Adenoma↗