Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P S Elias

Publications and source records attributed to P S Elias.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Investigation of the mutagenicity of ethylphenylglycidate.

EPG and an in vitro digest of EPG by pepsin and pancreatin simulating mammalian digestion have been examined for genotoxicity in 4 mutagenicity tests employing different genetic endpoints. In the Salmonella reverse mutation assay, EPG showed only slight mutagenic activity against TA100, a strain responsive to base-pair exchange activity, in the presence of S9 mix. In vitro EPG was mutagenic for CHO-K1-BH4 cells with or without metabolic activation, the activity being greater in the presence of metabolic activation. In the in vitro SCE test, EPG was clastogenic for CHO-K1-BH4 cells independent of metabolic activation. EPG also induced transformation of C3H T10 1/2 mouse fibroblasts in vitro, producing both type II and type III foci. Subjecting an EPG solution to a simulated mammalian digestion process lowers the genotoxic activity of the solution.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

An investigation of the genetic toxicology of irradiated foodstuffs using short-term test systems. III--In vivo tests in small rodents and in Drosophila melanogaster.

Six in vivo genetic toxicity tests were carried out on irradiated or unirradiated cooked chicken, dried dates and cooked fish. The tests were as follows: sex-linked recessive lethal mutations in Drosophila melanogaster (dried dates only), chromosome aberrations in bone marrow of Chinese hamsters, micronucleus test in rats, mice and Chinese hamsters, sister-chromatid exchange in bone marrow of mice and Chinese hamsters and in spermatogonia of mice, and DNA metabolism in spleen cells of Chinese hamsters. None of the tests provided any evidence of genetic toxicity induced by irradiation. However, dried dates, whether irradiated or not, showed evidence of some genetic toxicity in their effect on DNA metabolism in spleen cells and SCE induction in bone marrow. Feeding irradiated fish affected DNA metabolism in the spleen cells of Chinese hamsters. This effect could be interpreted as an induction of an immunoactive compound, although it could also be explained by the persistence of an immunoactive compound due to the removal by irradiation of spoilage organisms that would normally degrade it.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Long-term feeding studies in mice fed a diet containing irradiated fish. I. Multigeneration reproduction, mutagenicity, teratology, and longevity studies.

A wholesomeness feeding study was carried out in mice fed equal amounts of cod or redfish, comprising 45% of the diet. Three groups of animals received either irradiated [1.75 kGy (175 krad)] fish, non-irradiated fish or stock ration. A 90-day subchronic study, a multigeneration reproduction, a dominant lethality and a teratology study were carried out together with an 80-week oncogenic study on the F1 generation. No adverse effects were noted on growth, reproduction and litter behaviour, in relation to dominant lethality, teratogenicity or oncogenicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Long-term feeding studies in mice fed a diet containing irradiated fish. II. 90-Day toxicity study.

Three groups of mice (F2b generation of Part I study) were fed for 90 days, either stock ration or diets containing 45% fish, either non-irradiated or irradiated with 1.75 kGy. Equal amounts of cod and redfish (ocean perch) constituted the fish portion of the diet. Haematological and clinical chemical examinations revealed no treatment-related effects. There were no untoward terminal gross or histopathological changes. An initial lag in weight gain of males fed fish diets was attributed to reduced food consumption, due to the difference in texture of the fish diets compared with the stock ration.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Editorial: Ricin.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Food Supply↗
PubMed1970

Problems of toxicants in marine food products. 1. Marine biotoxins.

The expansion of marine fisheries into tropical waters, which is now occurring, will increase the risks of widespread poisonings because of the abundance of biotoxins in warm-water organisms. However, toxic marine organisms are not only a health hazard but also a possible source of new pharmaceutical products.A classification of marine intoxicants is given in this paper with special reference to the oral biotoxins which will be of primary concern in the expansion of warm-water fisheries. The biotoxins are both invertebrate (e.g., molluscs, arthropods) and vertebrate (mostly fishes) in origin. Biotoxications of vertebrate origin may be caused by the muscles, the gonads or the blood of certain fishes or by special poison glands not equipped with traumagenic devices. (Venomous fishes, having poison glands and traumagenic spines, etc., are of no direct concern as oral intoxicants.)The ichthyosarcotoxic fishes, in which the flesh is poisonous, appear to constitute the most significant health hazard. A list of fishes reported as causing ciguatera poisoning (one of the most serious and widespread forms of ichthyosarcotoxism) is included in this paper.

Animals↗