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Biomedical subjects

P S Casamassimo

Publications and source records attributed to P S Casamassimo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Maternal oral health.

Maternity changes a woman's body and can have an effect on fetal oral health. Prenatal counseling can improve oral health of both mother and child. Maternal diet, self-care, and lifestyle can lead to permanent changes in the offspring's oral health. Transmission of maternal oral microflora and use of fluorides are important in a baby's oral health early in life.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed2000

Relationships between oral and systemic health.

Oral and systemic health cannot be separated. This article addresses some established and emerging relationships that highlight the association between systemic and oral health. The physician's role requires an understanding of the effects of disease and its treatment on oral health. Also, physicians should be able to identify abnormality in the oral cavity that might be attributable to disease or be a compromising factor in the health, growth and development, or functioning of children and make a referral. Cooperation between dentist and physician can mean good overall health for children, including oral health.

Child↗
PubMed1998

Effect of dental treatment on the lung function of children with asthma.

In this preliminary study, the authors evaluated whether dental treatment can trigger a reaction in the hyperactive airways of children with asthma, thereby affecting lung function. They also examined the variables, if any, that predict a change in lung function in relation to dental treatment. They tested the lung function of 57 6- to 18-year-old subjects with histories of active asthma, using spirometry before, immediately after and 30 minutes after routine dental treatment. Results revealed a statistically significant decrease (P < .05) in lung function and a clinically significant decrease in lung function in approximately 15 percent of the subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Epidemiology of dental trauma treated in an urban pediatric emergency department.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology of traumatic dental injuries to children treated in an urban pediatric emergency department (ED). DESIGN: A descriptive study of a consecutive series of patients. SETTING: The ED of a large, academic children's hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Children presenting to the ED with dental trauma from December 1992 to November 1993. RESULTS: Of 1459 children treated for dental emergencies, 541 had dental trauma (37%) and were enrolled in this study. Patients ranged in age from five months to 18 years. Fifty-nine percent of patients were less than seven years of age, and 59% of patients were male. Falls caused 63% of injuries, followed by being struck (17%), and motor vehicle crashes (2%). Injuries to the soft tissues included lacerations (32%), swelling (8%), abrasions (7%), and contusions (6%). Injuries to hard dental structures included tooth fractures (33%), luxations (18%), concussions (12%), avulsions (8%), and jaw fractures (1%). Tooth luxation and concussion were more common among children less than seven years of age, and fractures to the tooth crown with dentin exposure (Ellis class II) were seen most often among children with permanent dentition (chi 2 = 41.4, P < 0.005). The central incisors were the teeth most frequently traumatized. CONCLUSION: Findings of this large consecutive series provide a useful description of the epidemiology of this common type of pediatric trauma for pediatric emergency care providers.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1997

Nontraumatic dental emergencies in a pediatric emergency department.

The objectives of this study were to describe nontraumatic dental emergencies among children treated in a pediatric emergency department. The children studied received emergency treatment for a nontraumatic dental problem from December 1992 through November 1993. Among the 1,459 children treated for dental emergencies, 949 had a nontraumatic emergency (65%) and were enrolled in this study. Patients ranged in age from 1 month to 19 years, with a mean age of 6.9 years. Fifty-two percent of patients were male. The teeth were involved in 99% of cases. An abscess was present in 33% of patients; and among these patients, 26% also had a fistula. Pericoronitis was seen in 4% of patients, primary viral stomatitis in 1%, and an eruption hematoma in 0.5%. Caries is the etiology of the problem prompting the emergency department visit in 73% of patients, and baby bottle caries accounted for 18% of all cases of caries. Other etiologies included the late effects of trauma (8%), iatrogenic (7%), idiopathic (3%), and periodontal processes (2%). Tooth extraction was performed in 45% of patients. Findings of this large consecutive series provide a better understanding of this type of visit to the pediatric emergency department.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Using anticipatory guidance to provide early dental intervention.

While the infectious-disease model continues to dominate the design of preventive programs for children, ample evidence supports the need to consider other aspects of caries prevention such as functional and developmental considerations--and to do it earlier than conventional wisdom would suggest--if further gains are to be made in caries reduction. Anticipatory guidance provides a framework for prevention that goes beyond caries to address all aspects of children's oral health.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Oral health policies and programs affecting the preschool child.

Although many policies and programs address the oral health of children, those specifically dealing with the preschool child are few. Review of existing policy suggests a lack of coherence or emphasis on the preschooler as a separate focus for oral health efforts. The importance of locating preschool children within existing policies and programs lies in insuring their access to care and to the benefits of educational and other preventive efforts directed to oral health. The experience of dentists advocating for children in California illustrates the value of an awareness of policies and programs directed at the preschool population. In 1990, a lawsuit brought forth by a coalition of dentists and other child advocates resulted in changes in the Denti-Cal (Medicaid) program for the benefit of children served. These changes increased both access and use by increasing fees and attracting more providers. Two years later, California attempted to stem the costs of success and tried to switch to a mandated capitated program for all Medicaid recipients. Again, through legal action, child advocates were able to argue successfully that such a move would have a negative impact on the children of California. The outcome of the legal action in this situation is still to be decided at this writing, but the series of events and the success of the advocate-dentists speak to the value of a working knowledge of the programs available for children. An individual dentist can also benefit individual children by knowing approved and covered procedures for their care, programmatic characteristics for situations requiring referral, and resources for educational materials. In many cases, knowledge of policies and programs is as valuable as the care dentists render.

Bottle Feeding↗
PubMed1994

Oral opening and other selected facial dimensions of children 6 weeks to 36 months of age.

Four hundred twenty-two children (Caucasians, Asians, and blacks) aged 6 weeks to 36 months were recruited. Five measurements (incisal edge distance, alveolar crest distance, closed mouth breadth, open mouth breadth, and nose-lip distance) were made by two calibrated examiners and an average was recorded. Because there were no statistically significant differences among races or genders the data were combined. The normative data for seven age groups (6 weeks to 36 months) and five oral-facial parameters are presented.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1991

Alveolar bone loss in two children with short-bowel syndrome receiving total parenteral nutrition.

Two preschool children who were receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for short-bowel syndrome (SBS) were noted to have radiographic evidence of alveolar bone loss in their primary dentition. Tooth mobility, gingival recession, and premature tooth loss were clinical findings in these children. Both had a 2-year history of recurrent infections and fluctuating serum electrolytes prior to identification of their dental problems.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1991

The unauthorized biography of pharmacologic behavior management.

Behavior management in pediatric dentistry is taught as a clinical science and few dentists learn the historical basis of the techniques in use today. The use of sedative medications to control behavior, though popular, has only a limited scientific basis. The drugs, regimens and methods of administration used today often have curious and anecdotal origins. Today's practice climate demands that the dentist using sedative medications be aware of their risks and benefits, but also the often limited scientific rationale for their use. A generation of research provides insight into the evolution of today's practice of pharmacologic behavior management.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Diabetic polyradiculopathy with trigeminal nerve involvement. A case report.

A 20-year-old white woman with controlled diabetes mellitus of 8 years' duration and a current diagnosis of diabetic polyradiculopathy had oral pain suggesting involvement of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve and mimicking trigeminal neuralgia. Cranial nerve involvement in diabetic polyradiculopathy is rare, and trigeminal nerve involvement with pain has not been reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of dentists' treatment and management of normal and handicapped patients.

Forty-eight of 120 dentists (40%) responded to a survey using a two-questionnaire time-series design. Responding dentists with a median age of 36 years and 9.5 years in practice had received education in care of the handicapped mainly in dental school (42%) and continuing education (40%). They were asked to make the same treatment and practice management decisions for both normal and handicapped patients. No significant differences were found between normal and handicapped patients in the amount of time dentists spend on diagnosis, treatment, planning, or recall (p less than 0.05). For both normal and handicapped patients, the dentists as a group always chose the same option as treatment of choice for both normal and handicapped patients most frequently from a list of treatment or management options. Individual dentist consistency between normal and handicapped patients in treatment and management was good, with four out of five dentists choosing the same first treatment of choice for both normal and handicapped patients for similar circumstances. Only about one out of six dentists maintained a consistent priority sequence for both normal and handicapped patients when asked to rank a list of four or five possible treatment or management choices.

Adult↗