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Biomedical subjects

P Rozsíval

Publications and source records attributed to P Rozsíval.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Corneal surface analysis].

Fourier analysis is a powerful method of evaluating the surface of the cornea. In 50 patients after photorefractive keratectomy included in our study we measured spherical equivalent, regular astigmatism, irregular astigmatism and decentration retrospectively acquired by Fourier series analysis of corneal topography data 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after operation. Postoperative decentration increased significantly from a mean preoperative value. The preoperative and postoperative values are not significantly different. The Fourier spherical equivalent and the values of keratometric spherical (equivalent) are highly correlated. Correlation among decentration, irregular astigmatism and best corrected visual acuity is important for clinical practice. Due to Fourier analysis we obtain information, which could explain worse results of some surgeries.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed2003

[Refractive surgery in myopia up to -6D].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical results in patients with myopia up to -6 dioptres (D) after refraction surgery, evaluate their stability and compare photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The authors evaluated before and after surgery the refraction values in patients with myopia up to -6 D operated in 1999 and 2000. The patients were subjected to standard examination before operation, one week, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after operation. The group comprised a total of 542 eyes, 452 PRK eyes and 90 LASIK eyes. RESULTS: After PRK surgery the mean spherical refraction after one year was -0.35 +/- 0.71 D, the mean astigmatism -0.63 +/- 0.38 D, UCVA 0.90 +/- 0.19, BCVA 0.98 +/- 0.11. After LASIK surgery after one year the mean spherical refraction was -0.10 +/- 0.81. D, the mean astigmatism -1.05 +/- 0.65 D, UCVA 0.80 +/- 0.24, BCVA 0.86 +/- 0.21. CONCLUSION: Both methods proved effective and safe for correction of myopia up to -6 D. The results at our clinic are comparable with other departments and are stable in different years. PRK and LASIK achieve equal postoperative results after an interval of 3 to 6 months following surgery.

Astigmatism↗
PubMed2003

[Long-term results of photorefractive keratectomy in myopia up to -6 D].

OBJECTIVE: To present clinical results of patients with myopia up to -6 dioptres (D) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and evaluate their stability during a 4-year period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The authors evaluated retrospectively the refraction before and after surgery in patients with myopia up to -6 D during the period from September 1997 till December 2000. The group comprised a total of 847 eyes. The mean spherical refraction during the whole follow up period was before surgery -3.61 +/- 1.17 D, the mean astigmatism was -0.65 +/- 0.63 D, non-corrected visual acuity (UCVA) 0.09 +/- 0.09, the visual acuity with optimal correction (BCVA) 1.21 +/- 0.30. RESULTS: One year after PRK we achieved in our group a mean spherical refraction of -0.17 +/- 0.74 D, a mean astigmatism of -0.61 +/- 0.43 D, UCVA 0.92 +/- 0.25, BCVA 1.02 +/- 0.19. CONCLUSION: Photorefractive keratectomy is an effective and safe method for correction of myopia up to -6 D. The results as regards refraction were comparable with other departments and did not differ much during individual years. Stabilization occurs 3-6 months after the operation.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed2002

[Aniridia].

Aniridia is a congenital developmental anomaly of the eye that usually affects both eyes. The development of the iris, cornea, lens, angle, optic nerve and retina is disturbed. Aniridia is most often a hereditary disease with an autosomal dominant, rarely autosomal recessive inheritance, but sporadic cases are also possible. The vision function in aniridia has been observed to have a wide range from blindness to a normal visual acuity. The more serious cases where blindness occurs has been due not specifically to the aniridia but to associated conditions like cataract, glaucoma, foveal hypoplasia, corneal dystrophy, nystagmus. Aniridia could be associated with the mental retardation. Some of the sporadic cases develop Wilms' tumor, frequently as part of the WAGR syndrome (Wilms' tumor, aniridia, genitourinary abnormalities and mental retardation).

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Long-term experience with glaucoma silicone implants in a multicenter study].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the experience with a glaucoma implant in complicated glaucoma, designed in collaboration with the Institute of Polymers in Prague. METHODS: In a multicentric retrospective study 91 eyes of 86 patients with otherwise uncontrollable glaucoma underwent GSI implantation in four departments. The implant of medical silicone consists of a tube with an internal diameter of 0.4 mm, connected to a round lens-shaped episcleral plate 169 mm2, covering the tube orifice from above. The indications were infantile glaucoma (14 eyes), traumatic glaucoma (14 eyes), various secondary glaucomas in 12, primary open-angle glaucoma in 11, neovascular and after PPV in 10 eyes each, usually after unsuccessful previous surgery. RESULTS: The average follow-up time was 20.5 months (SD +/- 19.5). Postoperative intraocular pressure at the last control was 6-22 mmHg in 56 eyes (50.95%). Life table analysis showed a cumulative probability of 494% (at least qualified success). Long-term hypotony was seen in 6 eyes. CONCLUSIONS: The GSI is comparable with similar tube shunts but is much less expensive. In vitro experiments are planned to improve the construction of the implant and its results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Results of a prospective clinical study of 150 implanted AcrySof lenses].

The authors present results of a prospective clinical study with 150 foldable acrylic intraocular lenses AcrySof (Alcon Pharmaceuticals, Ltd.). There were 70 women and 63 men, altogether 133 patients (150 eyes). All lenses were implanted in the bag through 3.5 mm corneal self sealing tunnel incision. Best corrected visual acuity was 6/9 or better in 119 eyes (79.3%) on the first postoperative day and in 128 eyes (85.3%) one year after surgery. Induced astigmatism was up to 0.5 D in 91 eyes (60.7%) on the first postoperative day and in 125 eyes (83.3%) six months after surgery. Posterior capsule fibrosis occurred only in 4 eyes one year after surgery and in 2 eyes Nd:YAG kapsulotomy was done. We have not seen any serious complications. Assessment of the results with AcrySof implantation has shown excellent results, especially very low rate of secondary cataract.

Acrylates↗
PubMed2001

[Results of 32 cataract operations using the capsular ring].

The authors present results of 32 operations with capsular tension ring performed in eyes with zonular dehiscence. There were 14 women (50%) and 14 men (50%), altogether 28 patients (32 eyes). Mean patient age was 47.1 years (range 22-89 years). The reason for zonular weakness was trauma in 15 eyes (46.9%), Marfan's syndrome in 8 eyes (25.0%), pseudoexfoliation syndrome in 6 eyes (18.7%) and high myopia in 3 eyes (9.4%). Anterior vitrectomy was done if the vitreous appeared in the anterior chamber. Early postoperative complications were fibrinoid reaction in 2 eyes (6.3%), intraocular pressure elevation in 5 eyes (15.6%), hyphaema in 2 eyes (6.3%). Best corrected visual acuity was 0.5 or better in 18 eyes (56.3%) on the first postoperative day and in 17 eyes (53.1%) at the time of the last examination. Our results have shown the high efficiency of the capsular tension ring in managing zonular problems during cataract surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Comparison of visual function in myopia over -6.0 dpt after photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis].

1. 41 myopes undergoing PRK and 31 patients undergoing LASIK for correction of spherical refractive error were examined before and 1, 3, 6 a 12 months after surgery on Schwind Multiscan with ablation zone between 5 and 7 mm. Mean preoperative spherical equivalent of refraction was -8.0 +/- 1.7 D in PRK group and -9.2 +/- 2.1 D in LASIK one. 2. Contrast sensitivity (CS) was tested on a computerized system of the Contrast sensitivity 8010 type in 6 spatial frequencies (0.74; 1.97; 3.69; 7.39; 14.77; 29.55 c/deg) and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured on the normalized charts with Landolt rings. 3. At 12 months postoperatively, mean spherical equivalent of refraction was -0.6 +/- 1.0 D (PRK) and -1.0 +/- 0.8 D (LASIK). A refractive error within +/- 0.5 D had 31.5% (PRK) and 57.5% (LASIK) patients. Increasing of BCVA was measured in 51.5% (PRK) and 41.9% (LASIK) patients about 1 optotype to 2.5 lines. Mean CS in 6 frequencies reached 99.4; 102; 105; 109; 115 and 140% of preoperative values in PRK group and only 96; 95.8; 96.3; 95.8; 97.8 and 94.6% in LASIK one. 4. At 12 months after surgery, mean spherical equivalent, CS was better and number of patients with increased BCVA was significantly higher after PRK, than those attained with LASIK. On the other hand, a number of patients with a refractive error within +/- 0.5 D was higher and percentage of reoperations was lower in LASIK group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[PRK and LASIK in patients with myopia ranging from -6 to -9 D] ].

OBJECTIVE: Observing of effectiveness, safety and short-term stability of patients with myopia ranging from -6.0 to -9.0 diopters (D) after surgery and their comparison. PARTICIPANTS AND METHOD: We were retrospectively analyzing pre- and postoperative outcomes of patients with myopia ranging from -6.0 to -9.0 D. 90 eyes were examined before laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with mean spherical equivalent refraction -7.64 +/- 0.84 D and mean cylinder -1.23 +/- 1.1 D. 56 eyes were examined before photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) with mean spherical equivalent refraction -6.92 +/- 0.72 D and mean cylinder -0.60 +/- 0.55 D. Patients were examined before operation, one week, one month, three months, six months, nine months and one year after operation. Data were collected and analyzed by the computer programme. RESULTS: We observed the patients who underwent the operation and six months after surgery we received following results: After PRK mean spherical equivalent refraction was -0.23 +/- 1.24 D, mean cylinder -0.83 +/- 0.42 D, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) 0.86 +/- 0.35, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) 1.13 +/- 0.33. After LASIK mean spherical equivalent refraction was -0.29 +/- 1.19 D, mean cylinder -1.14 +/- 0.77 D, UCVA 0.65 +/- 0.25, BCVA 0.83 +/- 0.25. One year after PRK mean spherical equivalent refraction was -0.44 +/- 1.26 D, mean cylinder -0.80 +/- 0.57 D, UCVA 0.81 +/- 0.31, BCVA 0.97 +/- 0.21. After LASIK mean spherical equivalent refraction was -0.14 +/- 0.86 D, mean cylinder -1.26 +/- 0.89 D, UCVA 0.75 +/- 0.25, BCVA 0.89 +/- 0.20. CONCLUSIONS: Both methods are effective and their results after 3 to 6 months after laser treatment in patients with myopia ranging from -6.0 to -9.0 D were comparable. Based on the complex evaluation, we prefer LASIK nowadays.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Changes in the quality of life after cataract surgery].

The questionnaire VF-14 is one of the most frequently used methods for exploration of patients' subjective evaluation of cataract surgery outcomes. In this study, the answers of 349 patients' were evaluated. These respondents completed the questionnaires before cataract surgery and again after 6 months. When the postoperative questionnaires were filled-in, 196 respondents had one eye operated on (group A), and 153 had both eyes operated on (group B). All cataract surgeries were performed by phacoemulsification. The complication--rupture of the posterior capsula--occured in 0.8%. In 26.7% patients an accompanying secondary eye disease was found. The average VF-14 index was 63.5 (SD 21.32) in group A and 59.4 (SD 22.62) in group B. After the surgery the VF-14 index increased significantly--in group A was the average 80.6 (SD 20.47) and in group B even higher 87.2 (SD 16.14). The change of VF-14 index prior to and after the operation was proven to be statistically significant both in group A and in group B (p < 0.001). The improvement of the VF-14 index was found in group A in 80.6% and in group B in 88.9% of respondents. The patients' satisfaction with their vision after cataract surgery was highly increased. The outcomes of the questionnaire study document the high success rate of cataract surgery for patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical results in implantation of 150 MemoryLens lenses].

The authors present results of prospective clinical study of 150 foldable hydroacrylate intraocular lenses MemoryLens (CIBA Vision). There were 75 women (52.82%) and 67 men (47.18%), altogether 142 patients (150 eyes). All lenses were implanted through 3.5 mm clear-cornea tunnel incision. Best corrected visual acuity was 6/9 or better in 119 eyes (79.3%) on the first postoperative day and in 136 eyes (90.6%) one year after surgery. Induced astigmatism was below 0.5 D in 59 eyes (39.3%) on the first postoperative day and in 140 eyes (93.3%) one year after surgery. Capsular opacification rate was 3.3% (5 eyes) one year after surgery. We have not seen any serious complications. Excellent postoperative results enable us to suggest MemoryLens for routine use after phaco surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Evaluation of results of cataract surgery in patients 90 years and older (in a group of long-lived individuals)].

In a group of 71 patients with cataract aged 90 years or more operated between July 1 1997 and December 31 1998 at the Ophthalmological Clinic, Faculty Hospital Hradec Králové (operations of 79 eyes) a modified questionnaire was used based on VF 14, to assess the benefit of cataract surgery in patients of this age. Replies were obtained only from 38 questionnaires, completed by the patient with the assistance of relatives. Fourteen questionnaires were supplemented by a letter where the relatives described their view on the benefit of the operation for the patient. To the remainder the questionnaire could not be delivered. Improvement of the quality of life after surgery was recorded in 32 instances, once deterioration and four times the condition did not change. The majority of patients (33, i.e. 87%) would, if there was an opportunity have the operation again, while four patients would not have it and one patient did not know. Two of four patients who would not have another operation had severe senile macular degeneration (SMD) of the fundus, another two suffer in addition to SMD from glaucoma (G) with loss of visual functions already before surgery. The questionnaire method gives a better idea of the benefit of surgery for the patient than mere evaluation of visual acuity. From the results ensues that it is necessary to pay special attention to indications for surgery in patients with severe SMD and indicate surgery very carefully also in other complicating diseases in view of the higher risk of the operation. Patients of this age take a poor effect of cataract surgery very badly, while, on the other hand, a successful operation leads to general improvement of their condition and they respond very favourably.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2000

[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents after cataract surgery].

The authors present results of a prospective clinical study on efficacy of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Naclof, CibaVision) in postoperative treatment. Fifty patients (50 eyes) after cataract extraction (phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation) were involved in this study. All patient underwent a thorough evaluation 1 week, 1 month and 4 months after operation. We have not seen any serious ocular complications. Results of this study indicate that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can be considered as a good alternative drug to steroids in patients after cataract operation.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Use of 5-fluorouracil in trabeculectomy].

The cytostatic 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is used at present in the postoperative treatment of glaucoma. In 1993-6 we administered by the subconjunctival route at the Ophthalmological Clinic in Hradec Králové 5-FU to a group of 158 eyes after trabeculectomy (TE). The basic indication was ingrowth of the filtration vesicle or a rise of intraocular tension to 20 torr and more in 148 eyes. Preventively 5-FU was administered during operation during revisions of TE in 10 eyes. In the mentioned group with an unfavourable course of postoperative scar formation in the wound we achieved during the investigation period of two years after surgery normalization of the intraocular pressure to less than 16 torr without further treatment (we consider the value and condition without treatment as the optimal condition) in 37% of cases and in 81% less than 20 torr with treatment. Side-effects of administration of 5-FU (most frequently erosion of the corneal epithelium were transient. For the mentioned indications 5-FU appears, being a cytostatic where the dosage can be exact, sufficiently safe for administration and it exerts an optimal effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Results of 62 optic nerve sheath decompressions].

The authors present results of optic nerve sheath decompression in 62 eyes. The decompression surgery was performed for progressive form of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in 25 eyes, optic nerve head drusen in 19 eyes, normal tension glaucoma in 7 eyes (+1 reoperation), chronic optic disc oedema in pseudotumor cerebri in 5 patients, central vein occlusion (CRVO) in 2 patients, CRVO combined with NAION in 2 patients, amiodarone optic neuropathy in 1 patient. Results of our long-term study enable us to suggest this method of treatment for vision-threating optic neuropathies after thoroughly balanced assessment of possible risks and gains.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[LASIK--comparison of oscillating and rotating microkeratotomy using scanning electron microscopy].

Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the differences in the quality of the cut produced by oscilating microkeratome Flapmaker and Draeger rotating microkeratome. Higher quality of the edge of the cut was found with Flapmaker. Both microkeratomes produce uniform surface of the cut. Chatter is much less expressed with Flapmaker. No difference at the interface tissue was found with SEM three weeks postoperatively comparing the microkeratomes.

Animals↗