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Biomedical subjects

P Ross

Publications and source records attributed to P Ross.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Calcium deficiency in rural black children in South Africa--a comparison between rural and urban communities.

The prevalence of biochemical abnormalities usually associated with rickets was investigated in three black school-going populations, one from a rural community, one from a small urban community, and one from a large urban area. A high prevalence of biochemical abnormalities was found in the rural community, where 13.2% of children were hypocalcemic and 41.5% had elevated alkaline phosphatase concentrations. No hypocalcemia was detected in the children from the large urban area. Urinary calcium excretion was lowest in the community with the highest prevalence of hypocalcimia and elevated alkaline phosphatase concentrations. Dietary calcium intake in those children with biochemical abnormalities was estimated at 125 mg/day, compared with 337 mg/day in those children with normal biochemistry. It is suggested that the pathogenesis of the biochemical abnormalities in the rural community is due to a low dietary intake of calcium.

Aging↗
PubMed1979

A case of isolated primary chylopericardium.

Primary chylopericardium presented as radiographic cardiomegaly in an asymptomatic 19-year-old man. Normal findings at cardiac catheterisation and angiographic demonstration of cardiac displacement from the diaphragm suggested a collection of fluid below the heart which was confirmed by M and B mode ultrasound scanning. Thoracic blood pool isotope scanning indicated that the lumen was a pericardial effusion rather than a cyst. Lymphangiography did not indicate any direct lymphatic communication though a small pool of contrast appeared in the pericardium and the diagnosis of chylopericardium was confirmed by pericardiocentesis. Surgical treatment was undertaken after rapid reaccumulation of chyle and the patient remains well 6 months later.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Rickets in children of rural origin in South Africa: is low dietary calcium a factor?

Studies of nine children 4 7/12 to 13 years of age who had rickets are presented. No evidence of renal abnormalities, vitamin D deficiency, or of the inherited varieties of rickets was found. The salient features were their rural origins, mild hypocalcemia with evidence of secondary hyperparathyroidism, and improvement with a normal diet that contained an average of 944 mg calcium/24 hours. It is proposed that the etiology of the rickets is related to low calcium intake with or without a high oxalate concentration in the diet.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Congenitally bicuspid aortic valves. Clinicogenetic study of 41 families.

The families of 41 patients with surgically proved isolated bicuspid aortic valves were examined. There were 275 first degree relatives of whom 220 were living, and 188 (85.5%) of these were examined. Seven first degree relatives were found to have aortic valve disease, and in a further 11 there was 'doubtful' evidence of bicuspid aortic valves. In 6 families there was more than 1 affected member and in an additional 7 families there was 1 or more 'doubtful' first degree relative. The minimum family incidence was therefore 14.6 per cent, or 31.7 per cent if 'doubtful' cases were included. The inheritance is most probably multifactorial, but occasionally the condition may occur as an autosomal dominant. The difficulties of diagnosing bicuspid aortic valves before the development of obstruction of left ventricular outflow were encountered and are discussed. The association of a bicuspid aortic valve with asymmetric septal hypertrophy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and Marfan's syndrome was also noted.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1978

99mTc-imidodiphosphonate: a superior radio-pharmaceutical for in vivo positive myocardial infarct imaging. II: Clinical data.

99mTc-Imidodiphosphonate was investigated as a new myocardial infarct imaging agent. In the acute phase, 50 patients admitted to the coronary care unit were serially scanned over a period of 7 days. A mobile gamma camera linked on line to a remote data processor was used. Because of higher uptake in infarcted myocardium and faster blood clearance, superior images than those recorded with 99mTc-pyrophosphate were obtained. Its ease of preparation, low cost, and favourable dosimetry (because of its label with conventional 99mTc) transforms this agent into the present radiopharmaceutical of choice for acute infarct imaging in particular if sizing and follow-up is intended versus time and type of treatment. In this series, no false positive cases were seen. The sensitivity of the method in the detection of full thickness myocardial infarction was 95%. It dropped to 70% in the detection of subendocardial infarction. However, some of these apparent false negative cases may reflect severe ischaemia without infarction. It is postulated that this discrimination may not always be realistic.

Diphosphonates↗
PubMed1978

Skeletal mass in postmenopausal women.

The techniques of photon absorptiometry of the radius and total body neutron activation analysis were used for the determination of bone mineral content and total body calcium, respectively. The subjects consisted of 71 normal women who were 1-5 yr postmenopausal and 44 osteoporotic women who had crush fractures of the dorsal spine. Both bone mineral content and total body calcium were corrected for age and body size by using the ratio of observed values to those predicted from previously derived equations. Discrimant analysis involving both osteoporotic and normal postmenopausal women resulted in the successful assignment of 81% of the 115 subjects to their correct group. Statistical analyses of the distribution of the bone mass of the postmenopausal women yielded no evidence to support the hypothesis that a subgroup exists with bone mass levels markedly different from the remainder of the women.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Effect of serum on the growth of Balb oT3 A31 mouse fibroblasts and an SV40-transformed derivative.

The effect of serum on the growth properties of non-transformed Balb 3T3 A31 and SV40-transformed Balb 3T3 A31 was studied. The concentration of serum in the growth medium of non-transformed cells had little effect on the initial population doubling time, but did regulate the cell density at which the population became quiescent in G1. The doubling time of transformed cells, however, was increased significantly as the concentration of serum was decreased below 4%. This effect on the growth of transformed cells was seen at serum concentrations so low that non-transformed cells did not complete one population doubling. Flow microfluorometric analysis of these populations indicated that the primary effect of different serum concentrations on the non-transformed cells was to modulate the average residence time in G1, whereas, all the cell cycle phases of the transformed cells were affected by serum. At saturation densities, the non-transformed cells became quiescent in G1, but the transformed cells still traversed the cell cycle and their saturation density appeared to be a balance between cell production and cell death occurring primarily in the G1 phase of the cell cycle.

Blood↗
PubMed1975

Bronchial brush biopsy and primary lung carcinoma.

Bronchial brush biopsy was performed on 100 patients with pulmonary lesions suspected of being malignant. Of 61 cases of proved carcinoma of the lung, in 44 or 72-1% brush biopsy yielded positive results. The technique used is described and an analysis of the results is presented.

Adult↗