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Biomedical subjects

P Rosel

Publications and source records attributed to P Rosel.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Ketoacidosis at diagnosis is predictive of lower residual beta-cell function and poor metabolic control in type 1 diabetes.

To determine the factors at diagnosis predictive of changes in residual beta-cell function and metabolic control in Type 1 diabetes, 125 patients older than 7 years of age consecutively diagnosed between March 1986 and June 1991 were followed prospectively for two years. The effect of age, gender and the presence of ketoacidosis (DKA) and islet-cell antibodies (ICA) on beta-cell function, metabolic control and insulin requirements were studied by multivariate analysis of variance (repeated measurements over time) in 90 patients who completed follow-up. DKA had an independent negative effect on residual beta-cell function over time (p = 0.001). ICA-positive patients had lower residual beta-cell function at the end of follow-up (p < 0.05), but overall differences were not significant. DKA and younger age had an independent negative influence on metabolic control (p < 0.05) and insulin requirements (p < 0.001) over time. It is concluded that residual beta-cell function in Type 1 diabetic patients two years after diagnosis was independently influenced by DKA and ICA at diagnosis. Moreover, DKA and age influenced metabolic control and could thus be used to predict those patients with rapidly deteriorating metabolic control who might benefit from a more intensive therapeutic approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[The estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor quotient as an index of the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptors in breast cancer].

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine whether the induction of progesterone receptors (PR) for estrogen receptors (ER) in variable in breast cancer, whether it differs among pre and post menopausal women and whether the ER/PR quotient may be an index of tumoral biology. METHODS: The ER and PR content was determined by enzyme immunoassay in 814 breast tumors and the ER/PR quotient was calculated in the ER+PR+ tumors (n = 395). RESULTS: ER/PR values < 1 were more frequent in premenopausal women (66%) than in post menopausal women (38%). No influence was observed with regard to age. CONCLUSIONS: The highest ER/PR values were found in post menopausal women indicating decreased estrogen receptor transcriptional activity in this subgroup contrary to that found in premenopausal women.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical and methodological considerations in the quantification of estrogen and progesterone receptors using monoclonal antibodies in breast cancer].

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to provide information on several clinical and methodological aspects of the measurement of the contents of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PgR) receptors in breast tumoral tissue using monoclonal antibodies. METHODS: The contents of ER and PgR were measured in 94 tumor specimens of breast carcinoma from pre- and postmenopausal women by the classical method of dextran-charcoal (DC) and an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with monoclonal antibodies against receptors. RESULTS: The most remarkable results were: a significant difference for ER depending on the menopausal status, an increasing concentration of ER and PgR with age, a greater frequency of the phenotypes ER positive (+)-PgR (+) and ER negative (-) -PgR (-), a lower frequency of positive than negative receptors in the tumors measuring more than 10 cm, a greater presence of tumors with negative than with positive receptors in those located in the lower half of the breast, and the high diagnostic sensitivity of ER and PgR measurement with this method. CONCLUSIONS: There was a remarkable difference in contents of total ER in breast tumors from pre- and post menopausal women. This finding confirms that these tumors may have a different hormone modulation and a different capacity for protein induction depending on the menopausal status.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Functional significance of the serum/saliva testosterone ratio in various diseases].

Serum/salivary testosterone ratio (ST/SlvT) expresses the relationship in absolute values between bound and unbound testosterone. This ST/SlvT ratio in supposedly healthy men (n = 25) and women (n = 72) and in patients with several disorders, prostatic carcinoma (n = 19), varicocele (n = 9) and hirsute women (n = 16), has been studied. Both serum and salivary testosterone were measured by an RIA method. ST/SlvT ratio values found in healthy men (78.4 +/- 30.9) did not differ significantly from values found in the varicocele group (111.1 +/- 49.3), but a significant difference (p less than 0.001) from those found in men with prostatic carcinoma (12.3 +/- 7.2) was observed. When the ST/SlvT ratio values obtained in healthy women (18.1 +/- 7.3) were compared with those obtained in hirsute women (1.56 +/- 5.7) no significant differences were observed. The results obtained may indicate the dissociation among the hormone transport, testosterone metabolic clearance and hormone secretion by the salivary glands.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

ER-D5 antigen in breast cancer.

We measured an estrogen-receptor-associated protein (ER-D5), estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER; PgR) in samples obtained from 28 female patients with primary breast carcinoma. A correlation of r = 0.79 was found between ER-D5 and ER values and between ER-D5 and PgR values in premenopausal woman. In postmenopausal women a correlation (r = 0.75) was found only between ER-D5 and ER and not between ER-D5 and PgR. The measurement of this cytosolic protein may be a complementary tool in the management of breast cancer.

Antigens↗
PubMed1989

Islet-cell antibodies: markers of a more severe insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus?

The aim of the present study was to analyze if an association exists between metabolic condition, C-peptide secretion and islet-cell antibody (ICA) presence in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the clinical onset of the disease. Two hundred and nine IDDM patients were studied at diagnosis. 89% of the subjects showed residual C-peptide secretion that correlated inversely with blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin at diagnosis and with insulin requirement at discharge. Islet-cell antibodies were detected in 68.6% of the patients, complement-fixing ICA in 30% and insulin autoantibodies in 17.3%. Islet-cell antibody positive patients had a lower glucagon stimulated C-peptide than ICA negative subjects (0.41 +/- 0.22 versus 0.54 +/- 0.25 nmol/l, p = 0.005). However patients with high titers of ICA expressed in JDF units (JDF greater than 20) showed similar C-peptide secretion than ICA positive patients with a low level of JDF (JDF less than 20). When acid-base condition was analyzed patients on ketoacidosis at diagnosis had significant higher insulin requirement, lower C-peptide secretion and higher prevalence of ICA compared to patients that were not ketotic at diagnosis. Our findings suggest that residual beta-cell secretion plays a role on metabolic condition at diagnosis of IDDM and that ICA may be the markers of a more severe form of IDDM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Renal ablation using hot contrast medium: an experimental study. Work in progress.

Ablation of the kidney was attempted in 12 dogs by injecting 10-30 ml of heated (100 degrees C) contrast medium (Hypaque-60, diatrizoate meglumine) into the renal artery. Complete renal ablation without collateralization was demonstrated. Hot contrast medium is an effective embolic agent, and its use is associated with few of the drawbacks of presently used techniques.

Angiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Altered [3H]imipramine and 5-HT2 but not [3H]paroxetine binding sites in platelets from depressed patients.

BACKGROUND: Serotonergic system alterations were studied in 51 depressed patients classified according to DSM-III-R criteria for major depression with melancholia compared to 31 healthy controls. METHOD: [3H]Imipramine and [3H]paroxetine binding sites and the 5HT2 receptor were simultaneously determined in blood platelet membranes. RESULTS: A significantly lower maximum binding in [3H]imipramine binding was observed in depressed patients compared to controls (1134+/-74 vs. 1712+/-106 fmol/mg protein, P<0.0001) without changes in the equilibrium dissociation constant (1.10+0.05 vs. 1.25-/+0.09 nM). [3H]Paroxetine binding did not differ between the two groups (Bmax, 1441+/-55 vs. 1280+/-81 fmol/mg protein; Kd, 0.060+/-0.002 vs. 0.062+/-0.002 nM). The K(d) value of 5HT2 binding was lower in depressed patients than controls (0.95+/-0.04 vs. 1.15+/-0.09 nM, P<0.039) without changes in maximum binding (140+/-11 vs. 127+/-14 fmol/mg protein). CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, these results suggest that [3H]imipramine and 5HT2 receptors may be good biological markers for serotonergic dysfunction in depressive disorders.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Platelet serotonergic binding sites in alcohol-dependent patients.

The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) uptake sites assessed with both [3H]imipramine and [3H]paroxetine, and the 5-HT2A receptors were simultaneously measured in platelets from 24 male subjects meeting the American Psychiatric Association's DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence and admitted for inpatient detoxification. Blood samples from alcoholic patients were collected during acute alcohol intoxication (day 0), during withdrawal (day 1), and after 2 weeks of abstinence (day 14). All patients met the criteria for type II alcoholism. Alcohol misuse was found to be associated with an increased number and a lower affinity of [3H]paroxetine binding in comparison to the control values. Abstinence from alcohol for 2 weeks (day 14) resulted in a decrease in the number of 5-HT uptake sites labelled with [3H]paroxetine compared to normal values, together with a significant decrease in the number of 5-HT2A binding sites. The present data indicate that altered serotonergic function existing in alcoholic patients is a reversible phenomenon that normalizes after detoxification and withdrawal.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Genetic dysfunction of the serotonin receptor 5-HT2A in psychiatric disorders].

So far, there is increasing evidence of the active role of molecular biology in the psychiatric nosology as well as in the identification of psychiatric fenotypes. In this respect, the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) has been involved in the etiopathogeny of multiple psychiatry conditions, such as affective disorder, schizophrenia, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, alcoholism, eating disorder and personality disorder. The 5-HT2 receptor family includes the subtype 5-HT2A, a G protein coupled receptor whose activation leads to the stimulation of the enzyme phospholipase C and to the subsequent hydrolysis of the membrane located phosphoinositides, with the synthesis of the second messengers inositol triphosphate and diacylglicerol. This paper includes a review of the main findings concerning the polymorphism of the 5-HT2A in psychiatric disorders.

Alcoholism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Age, sex and ICA influence on beta-cell secretion during the first year after the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

We studied the independent influence of sex, age and islet-cell antibodies (ICA) on residual beta-cell secretion and metabolic control during the first year after the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus in 40 consecutive newly diagnosed patients. Glucagon-stimulated C-peptide secretion was measured after 5-10 days and 3, 6 and 12 months of diagnosis. ICA (JDF units) and complement-fixing ICA (CF-ICA) were determined at diagnosis and after 12 months. The influence of sex, age and ICA was analyzed in a multivariate analysis of variance of 3 factors (age, sex and ICA) for repeated measures over time. ICA and CF-ICA were positive in 75.0% and 35.0% of patients at diagnosis and in 48.7% and 20.5% of patients one year later. Persistence of ICA positivity was higher in females (p. less than 0.001) and in CF-ICA+ patients (p less than 0.01), but did not involve a different evolution of C-peptide secretion. Males had a lower C-peptide secretion than females (p = 0.023) during the first year after the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, independently of the age and ICA status of the patients. Adult patients (greater than or equal to 18 years-old) had lower HbA1 values than younger patients (p = 0.006) and ICA+ patients with a moderate or high value (greater than 10 JDF units) had a lower C-peptide secretion over time (p = 0.031 at 6 months, p = 0.067 at 12 months) and higher HbA1 values (p = 0.056) than younger patients. HbA1 was significantly explained by ICA and C-peptide values in a stepwise multiple regression analysis (p = 0.005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗