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Biomedical subjects

P Robitaille

Publications and source records attributed to P Robitaille.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effects of hemodialysis on myocardial function in pediatric patients.

The effect of hemodialysis on myocardial function in 10 pediatric chronic hemodialysis patients was assessed utilizing echocardiography. Parameters of cardiac function were measured prior to and immediately after dialysis. A significant decrease in cardiac output was observed post-dialysis. Unlike that observed in adult patients a real improvement in myocardial function as indicated by an increase in the mean velocity of circumferential fibre shortening was evident post-dialysis.

Acetates↗
PubMed1980

The hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with ECHO 22 infection.

Serologic evidence for ECHO virus 22 was found in 8 of 10 patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome. The virus was isolated from the stools of two patients. All these patients also had gastroenteritis prior to the development of the syndrome. The results of this study indicate that ECHO 22 virus is an agent with a strong association with hemolytic uremic syndrome in pediatric patients.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Possible C1q bypass loop activation in the haemolytic uraemic syndrome.

Ultrastructural and immunofluorescent microscopic studies were performed on renal tissue obtained from nine patients during the acute and convalescent phase of the haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS). All had glomerular deposits of IgM in the absence of circulating immune complexes. This was associated with deposition of C1q during the acute phase, and properdin and C3 during the convalescent phase. C4 was consistently absent. Since such a pattern of complement deposition does not fulfil criteria either for alternate or classical pathway activation, the possibility of C1q bypass loop activation by IgM is suggested.

Child↗
PubMed1979

The effects of Brescia-Cimino fistulas and cardiac function in transplanted pediatric patients.

The cardiac hemodynamic effects of patent Brescia Cimino fistulas were assessed using non-invasive techniques in 10 pediatric patients who had undergone successful renal cadaveric transplantation. All had hemoglobin levels above 11 g/dl and had serum creatinine values of less than 1.5 mg/dl. Studies were done prior to and after temporary fistula occlusion to assess the effect of fistula patency on parameters of cardiac function. Values obtained prior to fistula occlusion were compared to those obtained in a normal control population. It was noted that though fistula patency did significantly alter cardiac function, changes were such that fistula patency could be safely maintained. It was also noted that the difference in cardiac index prior to and after occlusion provided a good assessment of fistula flow.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Delayed rejection of cardiac xenografts in C6-deficient rabbits.

Puppy hearts were engrafted to C6-deficient rabbits, and also to complement-sufficient animals in order to determine the influence of the sixth component of complement on xenograft rejection. Delayed rejection was observed in the puppy hearts engrafted to the C6-deficient animals indicating that complement sufficiency of C6 is required for hyperacute xenograft rejection.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Chronic renal failure in children.

Seventy-seven children with chronic renal failure were examined at one hospital in the province of Quebec between 1970 and 1975; this represents an incidence of 2.5 per million population per year. The entities responsible for chronic renal failure were urinary tract malformation (in 36%), chronic glomerulonephritis (in 22%), congenital renal parenchymal malformation (in 21%) and hereditary nephropathy (in 13%). The evolution of chronic renal failure in children with either vesicoureteral reflux or a posterior urethral valve seemed to be related more to the initial severity of the disease than to the age at the time of diagnosis. Hence any screening program designed to detect kidney disease in schoolchildren would not prevent chronic renal failure, since at that age renal parenchymal damage seems to be irreversible. The manner in which chronic glomerulonephritis evolved depended on whether the nephrotic syndrome was present and on the type of histologic lesion. Children with congenital renal hypoplasia or dysplasia often presented with seizures due to hypertensive encephalopathy without obvious symptoms or signs of pre-existing renal disease. Among patients with familial nephropathy many of those with cystinosis underwent successful renal transplantation early in life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Increased plasma somatomedin reactivity in chronic renal failure as determined by acid gel filtration and radioreceptor assay.

Plasma Somatomedin (SM) reactivity has been determined in patients with chronic renal failure and in normal children by radioreceptor assay (RRA) following acid gel filtration on Sephadex G-100. Total small molecular weight SM reactivity was obtained by the summation of all values between Kav 0.55 to 0.75. The mean SM reactivity (+/-SE) for the renal failure group (N = 9) was 154 +/- 10 ng/ml and for the normal subjects (N = 9) was 91 +/- 5 ng/ml (p less than .001). The renal failure group also had significantly increased mean levels of insulin, GH and PRL, but individual increases were not always concordant. Our data reveal that small molecular weight SM reactivity as determined by RRA of column eluates is increased in chronic renal failure compared to normal controls. Thus SM reactivity is not low in chronic renal failure, supporting the suggestion that peripheral antagonism to SM action contributes to the growth failure observed in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Dicarboxylic aminoaciduria: an inborn error of amino acid conservation.

A 38-month-old apparently healthy male has been followed for three years because of a massive glutamic and aspartic aminoaciduria detected shortly after birth in a neonatal screening program. Amino acid clearance studies revealed the presence of renal wastage of dicarboxylic amino acids. Intestinal transport and in vitro oxidation of dicarboxylic amino acids were found to be intact. Clinical and metabolic data obtained on a previously described patient and the present case suggest that some patients with dicarboxylic aminoaciduria might have a selective renal conservation defect without clinical abnormalities, whereas others might demonstrate an additional defect in intestinal transport associated with fasting hypoglycemia.

Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic↗
PubMed1976

[Localization of the site of urinary infection in children by an investigation of antibody-covered bacteria].

The demonstration by immuno-fluorescence of antibodies on the surface of urinary bacteria, a new method of determining the site of a urinary tract infection, was found to be as valuable in children as it is in adults. A clear correlation exists between a positive test result and renal parenchymal infection on one hand, and a negative result and lower urinary tract infection on the other. Moreover, immunoglobulins were still detectable in original positive urine samples that had been standing at 4degrees C for 7 weeks. The constant finding of IgA on bacteria suggests a particular synthesis for this class of immunoglobulin. A pathophysiologic role for complement would appear to be excluded by the facts that the serum concentrations of C3 were normal and that C3 was invariably absent from the bacterial surface.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Studies on antibodies to histones by immunofluorescence.

When mouse kidney tissue sections were extracted with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, sera with antibodies to certain nuclear antigens no longer stained tissue nuclei by immunofluorescence. This effect was due to removal of histones and nuclear acidic proteins Sm and nuclear ribonucleoprotein by the acid. DNA remained in the nuclei of the acid-extracted tissue sections. When solutions of calf thymus histones were reacted with acid-extracted tissues, histones combined with nuclear DNA to form complexes of DNA-histone. These complexes contained antigenic determinants which reacted with sera containing antibodies to deoxyribonucleoprotein to give nuclear staining demonstrated by immunofluorescence. The reaction was immunologically specific in that sera with antibodies to Sm and nuclear ribonucleoprotein were not reactive with reconstituted DNA-histone in nuclei. Other basic proteins such as protamine, poly-L-lysine, and poly-L-arginine could not substitute for histones. The method is introduced as a specific and reproducible assay for study of antibodies to histones.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1976

Human sperm antigens and antisperm antibodies. II. Age-related incidence of antisperm antibodies.

Naturally occurring human antisperm antibodies (ASA) detectable by immunofluorescence, were found to have a peak indicence of 90% in both sexes before puberty. Thereafter, the incidence declined to about 60% and persisted through life. This age-related incidence resembled that for foreign and not self antigens. The natural incidence of the six antibodies under investigation varied: the most frequent were antibodies to acrosomal antigen Acl and equatorial antigen; the least frequent were antibodies to acrosomal antigen Ac2 and sperm nuclear protamine; and between these were antibodies to the mainpiece of tail and post-acrosomal region. Irrespective of their natural incidence, these antibodies increased at a comparable rate in men following vasectomy indicating these six sperm antigens have comparable immunogenicity. These results provide evidence for the lack of immunologic tolerance in man toward many sperm antigens. The variation in the natural incidence of individual ASA is explanable by differences in prevalence of crossreaction between each sperm antigen with exogenous antigens. Thus, antibodies to acrosomal antigen Acl and equatorial antigen, which occurred most frequently, appeared to crossreact with ubiquitous microorganisms.

Adolescent↗