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Biomedical subjects

P Rizzon

Publications and source records attributed to P Rizzon.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Spontaneous echocontrastography. Analysis of 50 cases, review of the literature and a proposal for its classification].

Spontaneous echocontrastographic effect (SEE) is sometimes detected in cardiac chambers. In order to propose a classification of the phenomenon we reviewed our series of 50 patients with SEE. We detected three type of SEE: type I, II, III. Type I was characterized by the presence of low amplitude echoes with slow and irregular motion in a cardiac chamber, in some cases the cloud of echoes had not defined borders (type IA), in other cases the cloud had well defined borders and was attached to a mural thrombus (type IB). Type II was characterized by the presence of echoes moving quickly across the mitral valve toward the left ventricle apex. Lastly, type III was characterized by the presence of microbubbles slowly and chaotically moving in right cardiac chambers. Type I SEE was detected only in patients with clinical conditions (mitral stenosis, congestive cardiomyopathies) characterized by slow intracardiac flow; type II was detected in 3 patients with mitral prosthesis, in 3 with constrictive pericarditis and 1 with severe aortic insufficiency. Lastly, type III was detected in 5 patients with tricuspid insufficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnosis of ischemic cardiopathy by 2-dimensional echocardiography carried out after the bicycle ergometry test in the supine position: feasibility, sensibility and specificity].

We performed two dimensional echocardiography (2D ECO) after bicycle exercise obtained in supine position in 80 patients undergoing coronary angiography for the evaluation of chest pain. Adequate 2D images after exercise were recorded in 64/80 (80%) patients (pts). Forty pts had significative coronary artery disease (CAD), 24 had no CAD. Twenty-three CAD pts had left ventricle wall motion abnormalities (WMA) at rest; 17 pts had 1-, 11 2- and 12 3-vessels disease. The test was considered positive if WMA were present after exercise. Thirty-two CAD pts and 1 pt without CAD had WMA after exercise, thus sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 80% and 96%. In 1-, 2- and 3-vessels disease pts, sensitivity was, respectively, 71%, 91% and 83%. WMA were observed after exercise in 9/17 (53%) pts without WMA at rest. 2D Echo obtained after bicycle exercise performed in the supine position is a feasible, sensitive and specific technique to detect CAD.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1984

Two-dimensional echocardiographic recognition of complications of cardiac invasive procedures.

Two-dimensional echocardiography allowed prompt recognition of a major complication of a cardiac invasive procedure in 6 patients. In 5 cases, a preinvasive echocardiographic study was available for comparison. In 1 patient with perforation of the ventricular septum by a temporary pacemaker, the catheter was visualized as it passed through the ventricular septum, with the tip located against the left ventricular posterolateral wall. In another patient, the intimal flap caused by aortic dissection after left-sided heart catheterization was clearly visualized. In 2 patients with hemopericardium secondary to cardiac perforation during right-sided cardiac catheterization, 2-dimensional echocardiography revealed pericardial effusion not noted in studies performed before the invasive procedure. Two patients in whom hemopericardium occurred from injury by the pericardiocentesis needle also were studied by 2-dimensional echocardiography. Postpericardiocentesis images revealed new intrapericardial abnormalities (a thrombus-like mass and fibrinous strands) not present in the echocardiographic studies performed before pericardiocentesis. Real-time 2-dimensional echocardiography appears to be a good tool in the recognition of the emergencies secondary to cardiac invasive procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Ischaemia related ventricular arrhythmias in patients with variant angina pectoris.

UNLABELLED: Twenty-three patients with variant angina were studied by Holter monitoring both to assess the incidence of serious ventricular arrhythmias (a risk factor of sudden death in variant angina), during ischaemic episodes and to examine the time-relation of the arrhythmias to ST changes. Serious ventricular arrhythmias were observed in 12/23 patients (52%). In the 23 patients, a total of 491 episodes of ST segment elevation were recorded during 954 h of Holter monitoring; serious ventricular arrhythmias were found in only 46 ischaemic episodes (9.4%). Six out of 12 patients showed serious ventricular arrhythmias at the onset of ischaemic episodes or during maximal ST elevation (phase 1), one patient during return or immediately after return of ST to baseline (phase 2) and five patients during both phases. Thirty-three out of 46 ischaemic episodes (76%) showed serious ventricular arrhythmias during phase 1, eight (17%) during phase 2, and five (11%) during both phases. Serious ventricular arrhythmias were neither related to previous myocardial infarction nor to the presence of serious ventricular arrhythmias during inter-crisis periods, whereas a good relationship with severity of ischaemic episodes, as assessed by the magnitude and duration of ST elevation, was found. A modest relationship with anterior ST elevation was also found. IN CONCLUSION: (1) serious ventricular arrhythmias occur in a high percentage of variant angina patients, but in only a small proportion of ischaemic episodes; (2) serious ventricular arrhythmias are related to the severity of ischaemia and occur predominantly at the onset of ischaemic episodes and/or during maximal ST elevation; in only a few cases do they occur during resolution of ischaemic episodes.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Diagnosis of aneurysm of the thoracic aorta. Comparison between two non invasive techniques: two-dimensional echocardiography and computed tomography.

In order to assess the respective values of two-dimensional echocardiography (2D echo) and computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of aneurysms of the thoracic aorta, 14 patients with angiographically proven aneurysms of the thoracic aorta (three of which were dissecting aneurysms) were studied. The entire thoracic aorta was visualized in 10/14 patients by 2D Echo and in all patients by CT. An intimal flap was recognized by 2D echo in each case with a dissection whereas such a recognition was never possible with CT. CT identified calcification of the wall of an huge aneurysm of the ascending aorta in one case and a thrombotic stratification in the lumen of the descending thoracic aorta in another case; both abnormalities were missed by echocardiography probably because of inappropriate gain setting. In conclusion, 2D Echo and CT are both useful in the evaluation of aneurysms of the thoracic aorta; 2D echo appears to be superior in the recognition of an intimal flap due to dissection whereas CT allows a better recognition of the configuration, extension and tissue modifications of the aneurysm.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Comparison of the efficacy of propafenone and hydroquinidine in stabilized extrasystolic ventricular arrhythmia by means of dynamic electrocardiographic Holter monitoring].

The aim of our study has been to evaluate the efficacy of Propafenon by a reliable experimental method. We have compared the efficacy of Propafenon (300 mg three times daily) with that of Dihydroquinidine Chloride at an elevated dose (300 mg six times daily). Twelve patients, with chronic arrhythmia (at least 1500 premature ventricular beats - PVBs - during a preliminary 24-hour dynamic electrocardiographic Holter monitoring), have been studied. The study has been performed in a double-blind cross-over fashion, and the drugs were administered according to a randomized sequence by the double dummy technique for 4 days. Placebo administration periods of similar duration were established before, after and between the two periods of drug administration. At the end of each Propafenon Dihydroquinidine Chloride and Placebo administration period a 48-hour Holter monitoring was performed. The number of PVBs/hour measured during the 3 periods of Placebo administration (714 +/- 418, 804 +/- 422, 779 +/- 433 respectively) confirmed the chronic nature of the ventricular arrhythmia and the absence of spontaneous variations during the study. Treatment with Propafenon and Dihydroquinidine Chloride significantly reduced the number of PVBs/hour to 87 +/- 130 and to 216 +/- 453 respectively. The reduction observed during Propafenon administration was more than observed during Dihydroquinidine Chloride administration, but it was not statistically significant because of the different behaviour of the individual patients. All patients but one had an over 65% reduction of PVBs/h; only 8/12 patients showed a reduction greater than 65% during Dihydroquinidine Chloride administration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Abnormal intracavitary dynamic echoes. I. An in vitro study].

We performed in vitro experiments to study blood echodensity during stasis or slow flow rate. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of water, blood, plasma and washed red cells at different dilutions (1:5, 1:10, 1:20, 1:50) were made. Two 2D echo equipments (2,5,-3,5 Mhz) were utilized. No echoes were observed in water and plasma. Blood was strongly echogenic. A progressive reduction of the echodensity of washed red cells was observed with increasing dilution. We conclude that scattering of ultrasound by blood, during stasis or slow flow, can be detected utilizing commercially available echocardiographic systems; red cells may represent the scattering agent.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1984

[Abnormal intracavitary dynamic echoes. II. In vivo study].

UNLABELLED: Dynamic intracavitary echoes (DIE's) suggesting regional stasis of blood, were detected in 17 patients (pts) (6 with mitral stenosis, 1 with mitral prosthesis, 5 with congestive cardiomyopathy, 5 with left ventricular aneurysm). DIE's were observed in the left atrium in all pts with mitral stenosis and in the patient with a prosthetic valve, in the left ventricle in the remaining pts. In 5 pts a thrombus was detected in the cardiac chamber in which DIE's were observed. In 4 pts direct inspection (at surgery or autopsy) of the cardiac chamber in which DIE's were detected revealed the presence of non-coagulated blood. All pts with DIE's in the left atrium were in atrial fibrillation. In one case with mitral stenosis DIE's disappeared after commissurotomy. IN CONCLUSION: DIE's suggesting regional stasis of blood may be detected in pts with clinical conditions characterized by slow cardiac flow; this phenomenon may be caused by red cell aggregation occurring in those conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Angiographic diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse: errors and limitations].

In order to assess the reliability of some recently proposed methods for angiographic diagnosis and quantification of mitral valve prolapse (MVP), the left ventricular silhouettes obtained by cineangiography in 48 patients with typical auscultatory and M-mode MVP findings were examined. The following methods were tested in 40 angiographic studies that were found to be of good technical quality: method of Farry et al. (1975), of Smith et al. (1978), of Engel et al. (1978), of Spindola-Franco et al. (1979). In 23 cases a two-dimensional echocardiographic study was also performed and Engel's angiographic criteria were utilized to quantify the MVP. The angiographic and echocardiographic data were correlated in 13 cases in which it was possible to obtain both good quality echocardiographic and adequate angiographic (end-systolic identification of the two mitral valve commissures) studies. The following conclusions can be drawn: a correct angiographic quantification of the extent of bulging requires both end-diastolic and end-systolic identification of both anterolateral and posteromedial commissures; in spite of the good quality of the angiographic studies a correct end-systolic identification of the two commissures is obtainable in less than 50% of cases, which obviously restricts considerably the applicability of any objective method; among the tested angiographic methods only the Engel's method (evaluation of the distance between the plane of the mitral valve and the most protruding point of the prolapsed leaflets) showed a satisfactory diagnostic sensitivity (75% in RAO projection, 89.5% LL projection, 100% utilizing both projections); angiography is not suitable for a quantitative classification of the MVP in mild, moderate and severe forms; such a possibility, on the contrary, seems to be offered by two-dimensional echocardiography provided that Engel's angiographic are adopted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Two-dimensional echocardiographic evaluation of aneurysms of the descending thoracic aorta.

To determine the ability of two-dimensional echocardiography (2-D echo) to detect aneurysms and dissections of the descending thoracic aorta (DTA), we studied 15 patients, five with proved DTA dissections (group A) and 10 with proved aneurysms without dissection (group B), using 2-D echo in three recording positions: precordial, suprasternal and a modified apical. The DTA was visualized in 14 of 15 patients (93%); in each patient in group A, an intimal flap was recognized (in two patients only by the apical approach and in one patient by all approaches). The DTA was visualized in nine of 10 patients in group B; in each patient, the internal dimension of the DTA was enlarged (25-43 mm/m2). In one group B patient, aortic dissection was erroneously suspected because spurious echoes were present in the lumen; in another patient, 2-D echo failed to demonstrate a thrombotic stratification in the enlarged lumen. We conclude that 2-D echo using all available approaches appears to be a reliable technique for evaluating dissections and aneurysms of the DTA.

Adult↗