Biomedical subjects

P Ring

Publications and source records attributed to P Ring.

57 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of relaxation time measurements by magnetic resonance imaging. A phantom study.

Several circumstances may explain the great variation in reported proton T1 and T2 relaxation times usually seen. This study was designed to evaluate the accuracy of relaxation time measurements by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) operating at 1.5 tesla. Using a phantom of nine boxes with different concentrations of CuSO4 and correlating the calculated T1 and T2 values with reference values obtained by two spectrometers (corrected to MRI-proton frequency = 64 MHz) we found a maximum deviation of about 10 per cent. Measurements performed on a large water phantom in order to evaluate the homogeneity in the imaging plane showed a variation of less than 10 per cent within 10 cm from the centre of the magnet in all three imaging planes. Changing the gradient field strength apparently had no influence on the T2 values recorded. Consequently diffusion processes seem without significance. It is concluded that proton T1 and T2 relaxation times covering the majority of the biologic range can be measured by MRI with an overall accuracy of 5 to 10 per cent. Quality control studies along the lines indicated in this study are recommended.

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

In vivo measurement of water self diffusion in the human brain by magnetic resonance imaging.

A new pulse sequence for in vivo diffusion measurements by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is introduced. The pulse sequence was tested on phantoms to evaluate the accuracy, reproducibility and inplane variations. The sensitivity of the sequence was tested by measuring the self diffusion coefficient of water with different temperatures. This phantom study showed that the water self diffusion could be measured accurately and that the inplane deviation was less than +/- 10 per cent. Seven healthy volunteers were studied with a 10 mm thick slice through the lateral ventricles, clear differences between grey and white matter as well as regional differences within the white matter were seen. In two patients with infarction, alternations in water self diffusion were seen in the region of the infarct. Likewise, pronounced changes in brain water self diffusion were observed in a patient with benign intracranial hypertension. The results indicate that brain water self diffusion can be measured in vivo with reasonable accuracy. The clinical examples suggest that diffusion measurements may be clinically useful adding further information about in vivo MR tissue characterization.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of biexponential relaxation processes by magnetic resonance imaging. A phantom study.

Despite the complexity of biologic tissues, a monoexponential behaviour is usually assumed when estimating relaxation processes in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study was designed to evaluate the potential of biexponential decomposition of T1 and T2 relaxation curves obtained at 1.5 tesla (T). Measurements were performed on a phantom of bicompartmental perspex boxes with combinations of different CuSO4 concentrations. T1 determination was based on a 12-points partial saturation inversion recovery pulse sequence. T2 determination was provided by a multiple spin echo sequence with 32 echoes. Applying biexponential curve analysis, a significant deviation from a monoexponential behaviour was recognized at a ratio of corresponding relaxation rates of about 3 and 2, estimating T1 and T2 relaxation, respectively (p less than 0.01, F-test). Requiring an SD less than or equal to 10 per cent for each set of parameters, the biexponential model was accepted when this ratio exceeded a factor of 5 and 8, respectively. Referring to 'expected' T1 and T2 values, however, an accuracy within 20 per cent only was observed at ratios of at least 6 and 15. It is concluded that quantitative estimation of individual and specific relaxation components in complex biologic tissues by MRI may prove very difficult.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging↗