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Biomedical subjects

P Riis

Publications and source records attributed to P Riis.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Colonic epithelial dysplasia or carcinoma in a regional group of patients with ulcerative colitis of more than 15 years duration.

Colonoscopic screening for neoplasia was performed in a regional group of ulcerative colitis patients with a disease duration of greater than or equal to 15 years. A total of 121 patients, aged less than 80 years, were invited to participate, of whom 100 (83%) accepted colonoscopy, including biopsies in 15 standard locations of the entire colon, plus additional biopsies from all visible lesions. Unequivocal dysplasia was found in one patient with extensive colitis and a disease duration of 31 years. A polyp with highly differentiated adenocarcinoma was found in the sigmoid colon of a patient with intermittent rectum involvement, 37 years after the ulcerative colitis diagnosis had been made. Biopsy specimens from the remaining 98 patients showed no signs of dysplasia or cancer. Thus the frequency of pre-malignant or malignant changes is very low compared with the results of similar studies, and the rationale for general colonoscopic surveillance programmes for such patients is open to question.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

The Nordic concept of 'faellesskab'.

The complex of cultural, political and societal affiliations, both in a historic and a contemporary perspective, is expressed by a special term in the Nordic languages, 'faellesskab', often with the addition of 'folkelig', as 'folkeligt faellesskab', where 'folkelig' means of the people. No corresponding term exists in English. For medical ethics the concept 'faellesskab', or whatever wording is chosen to serve the semantics of this term, is vital. In research ethics and clinical decision-making complex ethical analyses and normative evaluations are necessary. They cannot be based solely on moral relativism, whether being based on results of opinion polls or on a widespread 'every man minds his own business' concept. 'Faellesskab' possesses the necessary base of common values.

Bioethical Issues↗
PubMed1991

[Consensus Development Conference. Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis].

A consensus development conference sponsored by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and Bone Disease and the American National Osteoporosis Foundation was held in Copenhagen in October 1990. The consensus statement is presented (also published in Am J Med 1991; 90:107-10).

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1990

[Epicrisis. A report from the county of Copenhagen].

During a random week in 1987, 35% of the general practitioners from all of the municipalities in the County of Copenhagen participated in a questionnaire survey whose objective was to illuminate the quality, expedition time, and possible problems associated with the letter of discharge (LD), an important link between the primary and secondary medical services. It can be concluded that the expedition time for a large number of LD's from the hospitals of Copenhagen County is unacceptably lengthy. A surprisingly large number of patients visited their own general practitioner during the week following discharge with questions about the information which had been given them during their hospital stay, regardless of agreements for ambulatory monitoring at the department from which they had been discharged. A preliminary LD can, to a certain extent, alleviate the problems brought about by the lack af an LD but ought not to replace or delay the issuance of the actual LD, and is a more expensive solution. The quality and content of the LD can be evaluated generally as good, but could be improved if the recommended follow-up treatment and information to the patients and relatives is routinely carried out.

Denmark↗
PubMed1990

Inflammation as a diagnostic keystone and its clinical implications, exemplified by the inflammatory bowel diseases.

Inflammation is a complex process following sublethal injury to tissue and ends with permanent destruction of tissue or with healing. Inflammation has long, long roots in the evolutionary process and as a concept reaches far back in the history of medicine. Inflammation can not be viewed solely in a teleological perspective. Refined by phylogenesis it serves the integrity and survival of groups (species etc.) and not primarily individuals. Inflammation has, in the history of science, been studied on the macroscopic, the microscopic, the dynamic cellular, the immunological, the biochemical/physiological, and the molecular level. Clinicians have for centuries relied on inflammatory signs and symptoms in their diagnostics, even to the extent of being seriously confused, when a subject's inflammatory preparedness is disturbed, as in agranulocytosis, alcoholism, HIV-infection etc. Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease) have been studied intensively by inflammologists. The results are partly exchangeable with studies in, for instance, chronic rheumatoid arthritis. They try to answer the over-all question in these diseases: Are we dealing with a normal inflammatory preparedness confronted with a special (unknown) agent, or an abnormal inflammatory preparedness confronted with an ubiquitous agent? The answer will form the basis for the future treatment of these patients, whose diseases remind us of inflammation as man's fellow traveller on "the long phylogenetic march".

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Clinical evidence supporting the radical scavenger mechanism of 5-aminosalicylic acid.

5-Aminosalicylic acid, the therapeutically active metabolite of sulfasalazine, was exposed to oxygen-derived free radicals produced by the Fenton reaction in vitro, and several metabolites were detected and characterized by high performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The majority of these metabolites were present in methanolic extracts of feces samples from sulfasalazine-treated patients with inflammatory bowel disease but not in rheumatoid arthritis patients with normal bowel function. The presence of these metabolites, which have not been demonstrated in vivo before, provides evidence of an interaction between 5-aminosalicylic acid and oxygen-derived free radicals in sulfasalazine-treated patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Since the concentration of lipid peroxides, which is dependent on the release of oxygen-derived free radicals, was significantly increased in pretreatment rectal biopsies of the patients, and further was normalized concomitantly with a significant improvement in disease activity over the 5-wk treatment period, an important role of the radical scavenger mechanism of 5-aminosalicylic acid in sulfasalazine therapy of chronic inflammatory bowel disease is strongly suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Lifelong control with inflammatory bowel disease patients.

The benefits and the burden of a lifelong control scheme for patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease are discussed. The benefits cover physical, psychologic, and social conditions. Valuable scientific gains can be yielded secondarily from the data collection.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

[Crohn's disease and its sometimes many disguises].

The textbook descriptions of Morbus Crohn demonstrate the so-called classic pathology, viz. pains in the ileo-caecal region, a tendency to diarrhoea, a distinct swelling at MacBurney's point, and a certain loss of weight. But the course of the disease is sometimes atypical, which may involve a long delay in the diagnosis. The disease may be seen in all age groups and seems to increase.

Adolescent↗