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Biomedical subjects

P Rigby

Publications and source records attributed to P Rigby.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Scopolamine impairs learning performance of rats in a 14-unit T-maze.

To assess involvement of muscarinic cholinergic systems in performance of a shock-motivated 14-unit T-maze task, 3-month old Fischer-344 rats were given an IP injection of scopolamine (0.1, 0.3, 1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg), methylscopolamine (1.0 mg/kg), or saline 30 min prior to maze training on 2 consecutive days. Scopolamine, but not methylscopolamine, impaired all components of acquisition performance. Measures of error performance, run time, shock duration, and number of shocks received were significantly increased but only at the 1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg scopolamine doses. The cognitive component of the task, measured by error performance, appeared most affected. Cognitive performance deficits observed following scopolamine administration in the present study resembled age-related impairments in rats and mice previously observed in this task. The cholinergic hypothesis of geriatric memory dysfunction appears to be implicated by these findings; however, the degree to which memory systems are involved remains unclear. Other performance variables such as discriminative control of stimuli or mechanisms of attention are implicated and discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Functional impact of a rigid pelvic stabilizer on children with cerebral palsy who use wheelchairs: users' and caregivers' perceptions.

A within-subject ABA design was used to assess the functional impact of a novel wheelchair mounted rigid pelvic stabilizer (RPS) compared with a traditional wheelchair lap belt in a group of six children with cerebral palsy (mean age 10.4 years). The lap belt was worn during the two baseline phases which were each 3 weeks in duration. During a 5 week treatment phase the lap belt was replaced with the RPS device. Using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) each subject's self-evaluated performance ability and satisfaction with performance for five key tasks was measured at the end of each study phase. In addition, a structured weekly interview was conducted with the primary caregivers to assess perceived changes in their child's functional performance with each task. Results of repeated measures ANOVAs were statistically significant, indicating that the RPS as compared to the lap belt is a more effective device. The RPS allowed significantly better occupational performance and satisfaction with performance as measured by the COPM. Single-subject data analyses showed clinically significant changes in task performance and satisfaction with performance when the RPS was worn as compared to the lap belt for all subjects. Caregivers' perception of functional change ratings closely corresponded to subjects' self-rated performance on specific tasks. Visual inspection of subject data also showed that, overall, the increased performance ratings for different tasks during the treatment phase decreased in the second baseline phase, when the RPS was removed, however, performance did not return to initial baseline levels. This suggests that the RPS has a facilitating effect for increasing physical functioning. These results are further discussed in terms of implications for practice, and future research.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aftercare under supervision: implications for CMHNs.

This article examines the implications for practice of the Mental Health (Patients in the Community) Act 1995, which came into force on 1 April 1996. The main purpose of this legislation is to introduce a system of 'aftercare under supervision' in the community for certain patients who have previously been detained under the Mental Health Act 1983, before discharge. The nominated 'supervisor' will have responsibility for ensuring that the aftercare plan requirements are fulfilled. As a result of their role as community keyworkers it is likely that community mental health nurses will undertake this role. Careful consideration needs to be paid to education and training in relation to these responsibilities, and practitioners need to become aware of the challenges that such a role is likely to present.

Aftercare↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A nursing model for helping both clients and carers.

This care study charts the progress made in meeting the needs of carers and clients through the use of the systems development model, which has proved to be both flexible and user friendly. The authors explain how the client and his informal carer wife were helped to explore feelings and adapt to new roles.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Collaboration puts the ENB Higher Award into practice.

The ENB Framework for continuing professional education and Higher Award for nurses, midwives and health visitors was introduced in April 1992. The framework outlines 10 key characteristics to guide practitioners in the integration of theory and practice. This paper describes how a group of teachers and practitioners have applied the framework. They explain how it helps pull theoretical learning and practice together for practitioners. For educators, involvement with practitioners has helped them be more involved in practice. Three-way, or tripartite, tutorial work between the practitioner, the teacher and the facilitator in the clinical area is central to the success of this initiative.

Certification↗