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Biomedical subjects

P Prahl

Publications and source records attributed to P Prahl.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Immunotherapy with grass pollen major allergens. Immunological results from a prospective 3-year double blind study.

Preseasonal hyposensitization stimulated an intercorrelated increase in both serum-specific IgE and allergen-specific IgG. Subsequent perennial treatment depressed the stimulated IgE response and the basophil cell sensitivity, whereas the allergen-specific IgG response showed further increase and persisted at a high level. Nasal IgE response was stimulated from the second pollen season and subsequently became depressed. One year after the end of hyposensitization the allergen-specific IgG response had fallen by 25-50%.

Allergens↗
PubMed1982

Human serum IgE against two major allergens from cow hair and dander. Determination of affinity and quantity of antigen-specific IgE.

The quantity and quality of antigen-specific IgE against purified major allergens from cow hair and dander was measured by a double-antibody radioimmunoassay. In serum from patients with allergic asthma to cow the affinity constant varied from 1 to 150 X 10(9) l/mol and the number of antibody combining sites from 0.01 to 0.4 X 10-9 mol/l serum for each antigen.

Allergens↗
PubMed1982

Isolation and partial characterisation of three major allergens in an extract from cow hair and dander.

Three 'major allergens' of an extract from cow hair and dander were isolated by means of anion-exchange chromatography and hydrophobic chromatography. Two of the isolated 'major allergens' were immunochemically pure and the third contained less than 1% impurities. The molecular weights were 2.0, 2.2 and 2.4 x 10(4) daltons, and pI was about 4.0. The amino acid content revealed no specific traits. The protein part of the major allergens constituted about 60% (w/w). The allergenic activity of the isolated allergens was verified in RAST-inhibition experiments and in prick tests.

Allergens↗
PubMed1981

A double-antibody assay for grass pollen-specific IgG in human serum.

A double-antibody radioimmunoassay for measurement of grass pollen antigen-specific IgG in serum is described. Grass pollen antigens were used to show a correlation between the results obtained by this method and those obtained by measuring blocking antibodies by inhibition of antigen-induced leukocyte histamine release. The new technique described is convenient, sensitive, specific and reproducible and can be recommended for clinical use.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Estimation of affinity and quantity of human antigen-specific serum IgG (blocking antibodies).

An assay for estimation of quantity and quality of antigen-specific IgG against two purified antigens from cow hair and dander is described. The substance concentration of antigen-specific IgG was more than 10 times higher in serum from immunized patients than in serum from non-immunized patients. Almost the same KA values of 5 x 10(9) l/mol were calculated for IgG in sera from immunized and non-immunized patients with allergic asthma to cow hair and dander.

Allergens↗
PubMed1981

Allergens in cow hair and dander. Origin of cow allergens in the environment.

Quantitative immunoelectrophoretic methods were used for the analysis of the allergens in cow hair and dander and for comparison with related preparations. The immunoelectrophoretic precipitation pattern of an extract from cow hair and dander showed 17 precipitates. Crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis showed four of these to be major allergens of the extract, and these allergens are common major allergens in four investigated cow breeds. The allergens are associated predominantly with hair and dander, but they were also demonstrated in cow saliva, urine, whey, amniotic fluid and beef, as well as in cow-hide products. Allergens displaying partial immunological identity with the major allergens of cow hair and dander were found in extracts from goat and sheep pelts, in products made of these materials such as carpet and knitting wool, and in carpets made of animal hair.

Allergens↗
PubMed1979

Type I allergy from cows in veterinary surgeons.

Occupational contact dermatitis caused by obstetric work and/or contact with cows is common among veterinary surgeons. We examined serum from nine veterinary surgeons of whom seven gave a history of itching and flare of eczema after obstetric work and/or contact with cows. By means of crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis the occurrence of specific IgE against cow hair and dander was demonstrated. The IgE did not differ qualitatively or quantitatively from IgE in serum from patients with allergic asthma from cows. Four veterinary surgeons with flare-up of eczema during obstetric aid to cows did not have assignable s-IgE against bovine amnion or allantoic fluids.

Allantois↗
PubMed1978

A set of analytical electrophoresis experiments to predict the results of affinity chromatographic separations: fractionation of allergens from cow's hair and dander.

Analytical affinity electrophoresis experiments are described as analogues of column and batch affinity experiments. The are based on crossed immunoelectrophoresis with included affinity, here concanavalian A (con A) and con A-Sepharose. Reactions with serum proteins and allergens from cow's hair and dander are described, and a purification scheme for the latter is described.

Allergens↗
PubMed1978

Quantitative immunoelectrophoretic analysis of extract from cow hair and dander. Characterization of the antigens and identification of the allergens.

Quantiative immunoelectrophoresis used for the analysis of a dialysed, centrifuged and freeze-dried extract from cow hair and dander revealed 17 antigens. Five of these were identified as serum proteins. Partial identity to antigens of serum and extract from hair and dander of goat, sheep, swine, horse, dog, cat and guinea pig, and to antigens of house dust was demonstrated. Sera from 36 patients with manifest allergy to cow hair and dander selected on the basis of case history, RAST, skin and provocation test, were examined in crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis (CRIE); sera from five persons with high serum IgE, but without allergy to cow hair and dander, and sera from five normal individuals were controls. 31/36 of the sera contained IgE with specific affinity for two of the antigens of the extract. Further, two major and six minor allergens were identified. The control sera showed no specific IgE binding. A significant positive correlation was found between RAST and CRIE for the first group of patients. The approximate molecular weights of the four major allergens obtained by means of gel chromatography were: 2.4 x 10(4), 2 x 10(4), 2 x 10(5) dalton, respectively. Using Con-A and Con-A Sepharose in crossed immunoaffinoelectrophoresis, eight of the antigens were revealed to contain groups with affinity for Con-A.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Allergic rhinitis in children (author's transl)].

Some of the problems within the research field of allergology are discussed. The main topic is the new treatment of allergic nasal diseases with a local glucocorticosteroid. Beclomethasone dipropionate (Beconase) can be given intranasally without any risk of systemic side-effects. The drug is found very effective in the treatment of hay fever, vasomotor rhinitis and nasal polypi in adults. In a double-blind crossover trial with 19 hay fever children, aged 8-16 years, 18 preferred the active drug, none preferred the placebo and one had no preference. It is concluded that 400 mug beclomethasone dipropionate a day is a safe and very effective treatment of nasal hay fever symptoms in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol in treatment of hay fever in children.

Eighteen children suffering from hay fever were treated with intra-nasal beclomethasone dipropionate (400 mug/day) and an identical placebo aerosol in a double-blind cross-over trial. 17 of the children preferred the intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate, one had no preference, none preferred the placebo. The effect on the nasal symptoms was impressive. Symptom scores decreased, on average, to 12% and the number of antihistamine tablets taken to 18% of the pretreatment amount. Some beneficial effect on eye symptoms was also discernible, possibly due to an indirect influence from the nasal mucosa via the nasolacrimal reflex. Adrenal function was not affected. It was concluded that 400 mug beclomethasone dipropionate given intranasally daily for some weeks is an effective and safe treatment for hay fever in children.

Adolescent↗