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Biomedical subjects

P Popov

Publications and source records attributed to P Popov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Questionnaire study of general practitioners regarding experience and attitude to opioid substitution therapy].

UNLABELLED: General practitioners (GPs) in their surgeries and substitution treatment centres are the major providers of opioid maintenance treatment in a number of European countries. Although in the Czech Republic any GP has been allowed to prescribe buprenorphine (Subutex) since 2001, the opioid substitution treatment provided by primary care professionals has not been the subject of research to date. OBJECTIVE: To collect and analyze data on GPs' experience gained with opioid maintenance treatment in the Czech Reupblic, their attitudes and needs. METHOD: A structured questionnaire was distributed via the Bulletin of the Association of General Practitioners and district Association representatives. The validity of study results may be affected by a low respondence rate (10%) with 398 questionnaires only returned by mail. RESULTS: Twenty-eight (7%) GPs reported to have gained experience with buprenorphine which was most frequently prescribed in the regions with the highest prevalence of heroin users, i.e. in Prague and the Ustí nad Labem region (27% and 12%, respectively). Other regions, including wes- tern and southern Bohemia with relatively high prevalence of heroin users, showed lower buprenorphine prescription rates (0-6%). Most buprenorphine prescribers (78%) rated their experience as positive or highly positive. Availability and effectiveness were seen as the main pros of the substitution treatment. One third of the GPs who have not prescribed opioid maintenance treatment yet are considering doing so in the future. Greater awareness of drug abuse issues and availability of methodical guidance and consulting in opioid substitution treatment are going to become the most relevant factors in the future. Possible reportability of data on opioid maintenance treatment to a central registry does not seem to be a major obstacle to implementing the substitution treatment in the GPs' surgeries. Decision makers should take advantage of the GPs' potential to promote the opioid maintenance treatment in the Czech Republic.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Recommendations for the treatment of tobacco dependence].

This first Czech version of guidelines formulated by the working group of mentioned medical associations is based on current literature and international guidelines. They are aimed mainly on clinical medicine and on incorporation of this treatment into the health care system according to WHO recommendations. They should serve to the treatment of tobacco dependence at any level: during any contact with the smoking patient (short intervention), in specialised centres or for the health care providers or health system itself.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

[Comprehensive care of drug addiction during a 5-year period at the methadone center in Prague].

Methadone maintenance program in General Faculty Hospital in Prague has been in operation for five years since August 1997. During this period a broad spectrum of complex care was supported to opioid drug addicts. Not only substitution of methadone or buprenorphine but also psychiatric, social and health care was guaranteed. The goal of this article is the information about our experience achieved during the five-year existence of the methadone maintenance program.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Partial resection of the spleen in the treatment of benign and traumatic lesions].

It has been thought that the spleen is an organ without important functions, until recently. That is, why splenectomy has been the procedure of choice in a treatment of splenic diseases. Even now, when we know the functional [figure: see text] importance of the spleen, splenectomy is performed frequently, regardless of its complications. The need of spleen functions salvage, favours partial resection of the spleen as competitive in a treatment of its traumatic and benign lesions. Improvement in diagnostic procedures, surgical techniques, transfusiology and postoperative treatment, will promote it as a treatment of choice. The authors of this study have experience with 17 partial resections of the spleen for traumatic, 11 for benign lesions of the spleen, and one ectopic spleen with hypersplenism, without mortality and with insignificant complications.

Humans↗
PubMed2002

[Partial resection of the spleen and spleno-renal shunt in the treatment of portal hypertension with splenomegaly and hypersplenism].

Some of serious hepatic diseases with cirrhosis may be complicated by portal hypertension, splenomegaly and hypersplenism. Splenomegaly inhibits regenerative processes of the liver, and also intensifies sequestration of the cellular components of blood up to hypersplenism. Cytopenia caused by hypersplenism is aggravated by negative hepatic influence on bone marrow activity-hemathopoesis, and also by recurrent bleeding from oesophageal varices, and from the other site of gastrointestinal tract. This circle of pathologic conditions may be interrupted only by liver transplantation, until which patients are jeopardized by acute bleeding and chronic anemia. Partial resection of the spleen and splenorenal shunt may correct portal hypertension and hypersplenism, prevent gastrointestinal bleeding, and alleviate hepatic regenerative processes inhibition. In this study, 51 patients with partial resection of the spleen and splenorenal shunt, were analyzed.

Humans↗
PubMed2001

Primary soft tissue sarcoma and its local recurrence: genetic changes studied by comparative genomic hybridization.

The aims of this study were to compare genetic aberrations in primary soft-tissue sarcomas and their local recurrences and to evaluate the genetic changes occurring during tumor progression. A primary soft-tissue sarcoma and its subsequent local recurrence were analyzed in 20 tumor pairs by comparative genomic hybridization. The samples were obtained before application of radio- or chemotherapy. Copy number aberrations were detected in 50% of the primary tumors and in 70% of the local recurrences. In primary tumors, the mean number of changes was 2.45 (range, 0 to 11) whereas in local recurrences, it was 5.05 (range, 0 to 17). The mean increase of changes from primary tumor to local recurrence was 2.6 per tumor pair (P =.02). Gains predominated over losses in both primary tumors and their local recurrences. The number of high-level amplifications was twofold in local recurrences. The most frequent gain affected 5p14-p15.1 (10% of primary tumors, 25% of local recurrences) and the most frequent loss, 9p (9p21-pter in 5% of primary tumors; 9p22-pter in 30% of local recurrences). In conclusion, our results show an increase in the number of genetic changes in local recurrences, due to tumor progression. Loss at 9p and gains at 5p and 20q were more frequent in local recurrences, and high-level amplification of 18p11.3 was not detected in any of the primary tumors. Although all these alterations were not specific to local recurrences, they may represent changes important during tumor progression.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Ethanol and oxidative stress.

This article represents the proceedings of a workshop at the 2000 ISBRA Meeting in Yokohama, Japan. The chair was Albert Y. Sun. The presentations were (1) Ethanol-inducible cytochrome P-4502E1 in alcoholic liver disease, by Magnus Ingelman-Sundberg and Etienne Neve; (2) Regulation of NF-kappaB by ethanol, by H. Matsumoto, Y. Nishitani, Y. Minowa, and Y. Fukui; (3) Chronic ethanol consumption increases concentration of oxidized proteins in rat liver, by Shannon M. Bailey, Vinood B. Patel, and Carol C. Cunningham; (4) Antiphospholipids antibodies and oxidized modified low-density lipoprotein in chronic alcoholic patients, by Tomas Zima, Lenka Fialova, Ludmila Mikulikova, Ptr Popov, Ivan Malbohan, Marta Janebova, and Karel Nespor; and (5) Amelioration of ethanol-induced damage by polyphenols, by Albert Y. Sun and Grace Y. Sun.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed2000

Soft tissue sarcomas of the lower extremity: surgical treatment and outcome.

AIMS: The aims of this retrospective follow-up study were to evaluate the justification for limb-saving multi-disciplinary treatment of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) and to report the results achieved by our treatment protocol. Local control was studied, with emphasis on tumour depth, operation margin and need for post-operative radiotherapy. METHODS: We examined 130 patients with STS in the lower limb referred to the multi-disciplinary group of Helsinki University Central Hospital. For the survival analysis 106 patients with local disease remained. The goal of treatment was to preserve a functional limb. Wide excision was attempted. If the margin was less than 2.5 cm, post-operative radiotherapy (RT) was delivered to all except 20 patients. RESULTS: Ninety-two per cent of the patients were treated by limb salvage. The success rate of free flaps was 16 out of 18. The 5-year disease-specific overall survival was 76%, metastasis-free survival 72% and local control 79%. Prognostic factors for local recurrence were extracompartmental site and large size; for development of metastases high grade, extracompartmental site and large size; for decreased disease-specific overall survival high grade, large size and advanced age. Local control of intramuscular tumours (n=6) was 100%, subcutaneous tumours (n=38) 94% and tumours penetrating the deep or muscle fascia and those locating extracompartmentally (n=62) 67%. CONCLUSIONS: Limb salvage in patients with STS is possible with an acceptable outcome by selective combination of treatment modalities. Modern plastic surgical methods with free tissue transfers are successful and often needed. Subcutaneous and intramuscular tumours have good local control. The outcome is poorest for tumours penetrating the deep or muscle fascia and for those located extracompartmentally, and patients with such tumours might be a target for adjuvant therapy. Treatment should be coordinated by multidisciplinary teams.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Karyotype study of Rana camerani and comparisons with the other 26-chromosome European brown frog species (Amphibia, Anura).

The results of a detailed morphological and morphometrical chromosome analysis of Rana camerani (2n = 26) are described. It was established that the karyotype of this species consisted of three homologous pairs of large metacentrics, two homologous pairs of large submetacentrics, three homologous pairs of small metacentrics, two homologous pairs of small submetacentrics, and three homologous pairs of small subtelocentrics. Morphologically discernible sex chromosomes were not found. The similarity and peculiarities in the R. camerani karyotype and those of R. temporaria, R. dalmatina and R. graeca are discussed. This comparative karyotype analysis has suggested the possibility for developing a general chromosomal formula, by means of which these 26-chromosome species could be characterized.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Antibodies against phospholipids and oxidized LDL in alcoholic patients.

Antiphospholipid antibodies (APA) are a generic term describing antibodies that recognize various phospholipids. Hepatocyte damage is a cardinal event in the course of alcoholic liver injury and autoantibodies against phospholipids could play an important role in this process. APA in alcoholic patients seem to reflect membrane lesions, impairment of immunological reactivity, liver disease progression and they correlate significantly with disease severity. LDL oxidation is supposed to be one of the most important pathogenic mechanisms of atherosclerosis and antibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) are some kind of an epiphenomenon of this process. The scope of our study was to determine some autoantibodies (IgG-oxLDL and antiphospholipid antibodies) and their possible changes in alcoholic patients. We studied IgG-oxLDL and four APA - anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA), antiphosphatidylserine antibodies (APSA) antiphosphatidylethanolamine antibodies (APE) and antiphosphatidylcholine antibodies (APCA) in 35 alcoholic patients with mildly affected liver function at the beginning of the abuse treatment. The control group consisted of 60 healthy blood donors. In the studied group, we obtained positive results concerning total ACA in 17.1 % of alcoholic patients (8.3 % in the control group), 11.4 % IgG-ACA (6.7 %), 8.6 % IgM-ACA (3.3 %), 14.3 % total APE (6.7 %), 14.3 % total APCA (8.3 %) and 20 % total APSA (8.3 % in the control group). The IgG-oxLDL (406.4+/-52.5 vs 499.9+/-52.5 mU/ml) was not affected in alcoholic patients. We conclude that the autoantibodies against oxLDL are present in sera of alcoholics and healthy blood donors. Based on our results which revealed a wide range of IgG-oxLDL titres in the healthy population, this parameter does not appear to be very promising for the evaluation of the risk of atherosclerosis. Alcoholics with only mild affection of liver functions did not exhibit a significantly higher prevalence of all studied antiphospholipid antibodies (ACA, APSA, APE, APCA) which could lead to membrane lesions in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Stimulants and addiction].

Stimulants (methamphetamine) produced illegally in domestic laboratories play today - key role on the drug scene in the Czech Republic. In the past, however, a similar place was held by some preparations used (though to a limited extent) lege artis. At present we can observe an increased interest in stimulants in both spheres-on the mentioned drug scene as well as in medicine. The article deals in particular with the second sphere, i.e. the problem of the addictive character of stimulants prescribed by physicians.

Central Nervous System Stimulants↗
PubMed1996

Comparative electrophoretic investigation of Rana temporaria, R. graeca and R. dalmatina.

The results of comparative electrophoretic analysis on muscle esterases, superoxide dismutases, lactate dehydrogenases, malate dehydrogenases-NAD-dependent, phosphoglucomutases and myogens in the brown frogs Rana temporaria, R. graeca and R. dalmatina are described. The coefficient of similarity and indices of divergence among the species investigated were estimated. It was established that in relation to the protein systems analysed R. graeca differed more significantly from R. dalmatina than from R. temporaria. It is suggested that the higher electrophoretic similarity of R. temporaria and R. dalmatina is a result of a greater divergence of the latter in comparison with R. graeca.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Laparoscopy and laparoscopic echography in the diagnosis and staging of gastrointestinal carcinomas].

The clinical relevance of laparoscopy (LS) and laparoscopic echography (LSEG) in diagnosing and staging gastrointestinal carcinomas is assayed in the light of diagnostic methods in current use. The study covers 257 patients undergoing LS, and 23-LSEG. For the purpose a rigid 7.5 MHz echolaparoscopic probe is used. In 16 per cent of the cases LS fails to resolve the basic diagnostic problems faced, whereas in 35 per cent it alters completely the preliminary clinical diagnosis. In over 90 per cent of cases LSEG supplements or modifies the laparoscopic diagnosis. Emphasis is laid on the role played by LSEG in defining the loco-regional stage of gastric and colorectal carcinomas, as well as on the contribution of the method to establish pancreatic carcinomas not lending themselves to resection. What is more, LSEG demonstrates inoperable cases by detecting small, unsuspected metastases, not prominating above the hepatic surface.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Long-term treatment with different calcium- and calmodulin-antagonists induces changes in rat brain alpha-adrenoceptors.

1. The binding characteristics (Bmax and Kd) of the alpha-adrenoceptor radioligand [3H] WB4101 in crude membrane fraction (fraction P2) from cerebral cortex were studied after 13-day oral treatment of male Wistar rats with the Ca(2+)-antagonists nifedipine (20 mg/kg), verapamil (50 mg/kg), flunarizine (10 mg/kg) and with the calmodulin-antagonist trifluoperazine (TFP) (3 mg/kg). 2. A significant reduction of the binding sites (Bmax) for [3H] WB4101 was established after the three Ca(2+)-antagonists as well as after TFP treatment. 3. Different changes in the affinity constant (Kd) of brain adrenoceptors were observed depending on the type of the Ca2+ or CaM-antagonist used: nifedipine did not change the Kd value, verapamil and TFP decreased whereas flunarizine increased the Kd value. 4. Relationships between Ca ions and alpha-adrenoceptor functions are suggested.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Changes in benzodiazepine receptors of rat brain after long-term treatment with the Ca(2+)-antagonists nifedipine, verapamil, flunarizine and with the calmodulin antagonist trifluoperazine.

1. The binding of [3H]flunitrazepam to benzodiazepine receptors in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus (membrane fraction P2) was studied after 13-day oral treatment of male Wistar rats with the Ca(2+)-antagonists nifedipine (20 mg/kg), verapamil (50 mg/kg), flunarizine (10 mg/kg) and with the calmodulin (CaM)-antagonist trifluoperazine (TFP) (3 mg/kg). 2. The changes in the binding characteristics of the benzodiazepine receptors in the frontal cortex were studied in vitro after the addition of nifedipine (10(-6) and 10(-5) M) and verapamil (10(-6) and 10(-5) M). 3. A significant decrease of the binding capacity (Bmax) of [3H]flunitrazepam was established after in vivo treatment with the three Ca(2+)-antagonists as well as after TFP, the decrease being much more pronounced in the hippocampus. 4. Changes in the affinity values (Kd) of [3H]flunitrazepam binding were found in neither of the groups. 5. No data for a direct interaction of nifedipine and verapamil with the brain benzodiazepine receptors were obtained in in vitro experiments.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Multiple gastric aspiration biopsies combined with endoscopic and histomorphological studies].

The study includes 50 patients with duodenal peptic ulcer who are classified into 2 groups: 1 gr. of 30 patients to whom biopsy was performed twice at a 14 day interval in order to study the reproducibility of the method in relation to the histological diagnosis; II group of 20 patients served for determination of the percentage of full value biopsies suitable for diagnosis. The results showed that the histological diagnosis based on the second examination coincided with the diagnosis from the first examination in 78% of the cases and by the single examination 33% of the biopsies showed gastritis of different severity from the rest. Most of the biopsies were of full value--84%, and the material of 19 mg obtained from mean 10 biopsies to a patient was sufficient. The endoscopic control following the biopsies revealed artificial erosions of incomplete type localized in the corpus and rarely single erosions in the antrum. The difference in the percentage of antral biopsies found by gastroscopy--6% and that found by histological examination--0.6% is a proof for the fundalization of the antral glands. The proposed method for multiple aspiration biopsy is informative, noninvasive and technically easy to perform.

Biopsy, Needle↗