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Biomedical subjects

P Polterauer

Publications and source records attributed to P Polterauer.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Surgical treatment of renovascular hypertension: results of operation in 400 patients with renal artery stenosis (author's transl)].

A report is given on patients treated surgically for renal artery stenosis (RAS) and renovascular hypertension. High-quality arteriograms, as well as renal vein (RVR) determination and split-function studies (SFS) are the most important preoperative diagnostic procedures. Since only 40% of the patients with renal artery stenosis have renovascular hypertension, the value of RVR and SFS for diagnosis, indication and prognosis in surgical cases is stressed. Unilateral RAS patients show a 50% cure rate with regard to arteriosclerosis (AS) and 74% in fibromuscular displasia (FD). Improvement following surgery was recorded in 92% and 96% of cases, respectively. Bilateral reconstructions are preferably done as staged procedures. Simultaneous repair results in a higher postoperative thrombosis rate, as well as being a significant risk to both kidneys; only 50% of patients really do need surgical treatment of the contralateral kidney. Patients older than 50 years became normotensive in 36% of cases, 86% showed improvement and 13% no benefit from operation; the mortality rate was 1.3% in patients over 50. Cases with a severe reduction in kidney function (less than 30 ml/min/kidney creatinine clearance) showed a significant increase in creatinine clearance with a 90% improvement in and 36% cure of hypertension, after reconstruction. 50% of totally occluded renal arteries could be revascularized via an appropriate distal vessel; the cure rate in this group was 55%. A higher incidence of renovascular hypertension is seen in patients under the age of 20. 68% of this group became normotensive, whilst only 8% did not show any benefit from surgery. Combined diagnostic procedures to evaluate morphology and functional status of the kidney, as well as the indications for and prognosis of surgery are emphasized; a more refined technical approach to RAS revascularisation is described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Primary liver cell carcinoma, aetiology and clinical picture (author's transl)].

Geographic area, age and sex influence the epidemiology of hepatoma. Aetiological factors are aflatoxins, sex hormones, thorotrast, alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, immunosuppression, vinylchloride, parasites, cirrhosis of the liver, and the hepatitis-B virus. Early diagnosis of the tumour is possible using alpha 1-fetoprotein estimations and modern morphological methods, particularly scintiscanning. Tumour resection is therapeutically desirable, while selective chemotherapy remains palliative and liver transplantation failed to prolong survival.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

[Serum concentrations of alpha-1-fetoprotein suggestive of, or pathognomonic for hepatoma (author's transl)].

A short review of alpha-1-fetoprotein (AFP), is followed by a presentation of the serum AFP concentrations obtained in healthy subjects and in patients with hepatoma, cirrhosis of the liver or metastatic liver cancer, measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). A calculation is made from these results of the upper limit of normal (9 ng/ml), a limit which is suggestive of hepatoma (215 ng/ml) and a limit which is pathognomonic for hepatoma (7500 ng/ml). It is concluded that the quantitative determination of AFP by RIA represents a sensitive method which provides valuable clinical information for the early diagnosis of hepatoma.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1979

[Diagnosis and therapy of hepatocellular cancer].

A patient with hepatocellular carcinoma of the right liver lobe is presented by case report. Although a right side hemihepatectomy was performed, a recidive was detected 3 months later. Since then he received adriamycin-therapy and 14 months after operation, he is almost completely free of pain. Diagnosis, and surgical as well as internal therapy, are presented.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1979

[Plasmaperfusion through activated charcoal and amberlite XAD-7 in dogs with liver failure induced by yellow phosphorus (author's transl)].

Various sorbents were tested in-vitro for their ability to support hepatic excretory and detoxification functions, and their in-vivo perfusion with plasma was studied in an animal experiment. Amino acids, particularly phenylalanine and tyrosine, were strongest bound by activated charcoal, while Amberlite XAD-7 removed conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin and bile acids from plasma. Using a cell-separator plasma of dogs, in whom acute liver failure was induced by yellow phosphorus, was perfused through a combination of charcoal and Amberlite XAD-7 without major complications. Platelet counts remained nearly unchanged, platelet aggregation was inhibited reversibly, and circulating platelet aggregates occurred late only. It is concluded that using the method described, therapeutic trials in patients with fulminant hepatic failure can be performed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Revascularization of the poorly functioning kidney.

The effect of renal vascularization on renal function in kidneys with poor preoperative excretory function is summarized in this report. Twenty-five patients with kidneys having preoperative creatinine clearance of less than 30 ml/min, as determined during split renal function studies (SRFS), which were revascularized for treatment of secondary renovascular hypertension and then were reevaluated by repeat SRFS form the basis of this report. There were 13 male and 12 female patients. The type of renal artery lesion was atherosclerotic in 21 patients and fibromuscular dysplastic in four patients. Eight individuals had total renal artery occlusion. Significant contralateral renal artery disease was present in 15 patients (60%). Preoperative creatinine clearances in the affected kidneys ranged from 0.27 ml/min (mean, 16 +/- 9 ml/min). after operation, creatinine clearances ranged from 0 to 72 ml/min (mean, 32 +/- 16 ml/mn). Fifteen of the 16 kidneys with preoperative creatinine clearances less than 20 ml/min had improvement in renal function following revascularization (P less than 0.01). Improvement (60%) or cure (36%) in hypertension followed revascularization in 24 of the 25 patients. The most dependable predictor of successful management of both hypertension and retrieval of renal function in these patients was the arteriographic demonstration of a patent distal vessel without evidence of severe intrarenal stenoses. These results support an aggressive attitude toward the use of revascularization in the operative treatment of such patients with renovascular hypertension, even when the residual excretory function is minimal or absent.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Effect of pirenzepine, a new gastric acid-inhibiting agent, on exocrine pancreatic secretion in man.

The effect of orally ingested 5,1-dihydroxy-11- (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-acetyl-6H-pyrido(2,3-b)-I, 4-benzodiazepin-6-one dihydrochloride (LS 519, pirenzepine), a newly developed compound with gastric secretion-inhibitory action but without central-nervous sedation, on the secretion of fluid into the duodenum and on pancreatic enzyme output was studied by a marker perfusion technique in 10 human subjects. A short-lasting increase in duodenal volume was observed, while output of trypsin and lipase remained unchanged. Central and autonomic nervous actions seem unlikely, a possible release of endogenous secretion was discussed.tin was discussed.

Benzodiazepines↗
PubMed1977

[Orthograde, free, femoro-popliteo-crural, venous bypass].

A new method of autologous vein bypass with the nonreversed free transplanted great saphenous vein is described. By this technique, 53 patients received long femoropopliteal and 10 patients femorocrural bypasses, between March, 1973, and March, 1976. Patency rate was 88% after 1 year and 84% after 3 years. Operative procedure and results are reported in detail.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Penetrating shot injury of the intern carotid artery (author's transl)].

The case of a young male patient with gun-shot-trauma of the internal right carotid artery is reported. The primary arterial reconstruction in the hemiparetic and unconscious man was successfully done. The problems of the carotid shot trauma - especially indication, time of reparation, kind of operation and the intraluminary shunt - are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Therapy of fracture of epicondylus medialis humeri (author's transl)].

The fracture of the medial epicondylus humeri is an injury tipical for the age of growth. It is a preliminary stage of the luxation of the elbow, which again is associated with one third of the fractures of the medial epicondylus humeri. We report about 27 own patients with fractures of the medial epicondylus humeri. 15 cases were treated conservatively, 12 cases underwent operative treatment. Operating procedure: extirpation, reinsertion or fixation with tension band principle. In all but 3 cases the results were good. These 3 patients had concomitant injuries. Immobilisation lasted for 4.1 weeks on the avarage, full motility was attained after 2.2 months on an avarage. Based on the good results in the mentioned patients, we recommend indication for operative resp. conservative therapy as follows: 1. Conservative: If the joint is not injured and If dislocation is less than 3 mm. 2. Operative: if dislocation is 3 mm or more, or if the fracture includes the articular surface. An absolute indication for operation is given if there is an interposition of fragments into the joint or a lesion of the nervus unlnaris.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

On the existence of intrahepatic bile duct shunts.

A combined scintigraphic-radiological method has been used to study the existence of intrahepatic shunts between the bile ducts of the right and left duct systems. With this method no shunts were found between the left and the right system. The results are compared with the findings reported in the literature.

Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic↗