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Biomedical subjects

P Pohl

Publications and source records attributed to P Pohl.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Pathogenic properties of Escherichia coli strains isolated from diarrheic commercial rabbits.

Thirty-two different strains of Escherichia coli isolated from diarrheic commercial rabbits showing intestinal attachment of bacilli were studied. None of the strains produced thermostable or thermolabile enterotoxins, and none was invasive. Strains isolated from suckling rabbits attached in vitro to the brush borders of intestinal villi, whereas strains from weanling rabbits did not. After experimental infection of 5-week-old rabbits, the 26 strains isolated from weaned diarrheic rabbits attached to the epithelium of ileum, cecum, and colon, whereas only slight attachment was found after infection with the six strains isolated from suckling diarrheic rabbits. The former strains induced diarrhea in 87% of the rabbits, whereas the latter induced diarrhea in only 9% of inoculated rabbits. E. coli isolated from healthy rabbits did not cause diarrhea. Strains isolated from diarrheic suckling rabbits all belonged to serotype O109:K-:H2, whereas strains from diarrheic weaned rabbits belonged to at least eight different serogroups. It is suggested that two different mechanisms of E. coli enteropathy might exist in rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Infectious agents associated with diarrhoea in commercial rabbits: a field study.

Over a period of 9 months the occurrence of parasites, bacteria and viruses has been examined in diarrhoeic rabbits from 21 commercial rabbitries and related with clinical signs and gross and microscopic lesions. Infectious disease agents have been found in 71.5% of the animals. Escherichia coli (ATEC) were found to be attached to the luminal intestinal border of 40% of the rabbits examined. This was associated with moderate to high mortality, caecal oedema, severe swelling of mesenteric lymph nodes and high numbers of colibacilli attached to the epithelium of ileum, caecum and colon. Rotaviruses were detected in 35.4% of the animals. Disease associated with pure rota infection was usually mild and affected predominantly small intestine. A coronavirus associated with ATEC has been established in one rabbitry and coccidia were present in 18.5% of the animals. Multiple agents were found in 18.5% of the animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Excretion of the rabies virus in foxes after experimental infection].

Fourteen foxes (Vulpes vulpes crucigera) were experimentally infected with rabies. The excretion of the virus in saliva was subjected to qualitative study. Three different street strains isolated in the territory of the Czech Socialist Republic were used for the intramuscular infection at the doses of 50 or 5000 MICLD50. The presence of the virus in saliva was demonstrated in 12 animals (86%). Post-mortal examination revealed the virus in the salivary gland of 13 animals (93%). The virus started to be excreted in saliva maximally two days before the onset of the clinical signs of the disease and it lasted maximally six days. The affinity of the virus for the salivary gland was related to the strain used, and increased when a lower infection dose had been administered.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Central auditory processing. V. Ear advantages for acoustic stimuli in baboons.

Four baboons (Papio cynocephalus) were tested using food as reward for ear advantages in the monaural discrimination of pure tones, three-tone musical chords, synthetically constructed consonant-vowels, and vowels. All four animals showed highly significant and reproducible ear advantages for each class of acoustic stimulus with marked individual differences in the direction of their ear asymmetry. The results obtained in these experiments represent the first evidence of ear asymmetries for different classes of acoustic stimuli in a nonhuman species. Further, the ear advantages found in these animals under monaural conditions resemble those obtained with dichotic presentation in human subjects and thus suggest that the baboon may be a valuable model of central auditory processing of various types of acoustic stimuli in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Substance P in the argentaffin carcinoid of the caecum: biochemical and biological characterization.

An argentaffin carcinoid tumour of the caecum which contained serotonin (167 micrograms/g) and consisted predominantly of EC1-cells, was analysed for the presence of peptides using immunohistochemical, biochemical and pharmacological methods. A very high content of 3.9 micrograms/g of immunoreactive substance P was found. The distribution of cells staining positively for substance P matched that of cells containing serotonin. While some immunoreactive somatostatin (3.2 ng/g) was present in the tumour, neurotensin, glucagon, gastrin, and motilin were not found. Part of the substance P immunoreactivity measured most likely represents authentic substance P: it behaved like substance P in two chromatographic systems and in two bioassays, and its activity on the guinea pig ileum was abolished by specific tachyphylaxis towards substance P.

Carcinoid Tumor↗
PubMed1979

Chronobiological aspects of stereotyped motor behaviour in mentally retarded children.

Normally developed children show many diverse patterns of behaviour. By contrast, the behaviour of severely mentally retarded children is restricted mainly to primitive motor acts called stereotypes. Due to the severity of the mental retardation, these children are also markedly reduced in their susceptibility to environmental influences. Systematic observations of the pathological motor patterns of these children make it feasible to investigate possible endogenous mechanisms related to these primitive motor activities. The stereotyped motor behaviours of six severely mentally handicapped children were observed continuously for several days. Each child performed at least two forms of stereotyped behaviour. Using spectra of variance and cross-correlation analysis, the data were investigated with respect to underlying periodicities. A 2.5-hour cycle was consistently found in every stereotyped activity observed. Furthermore, stable phase relationships were revealed between the periodic variations of different stereotyped movements in one and the same child. Thus the temporal courses of hand and oral stereotypes were synchronous, whereas head and whole-body stereotypes were delayed by half a phase with respect to stereotyped hand waving. A possible relationship is discussed between the 2.5-hour periodicity of stereotyped behaviour and Kleitman's "Basic Rest Activity Cycle".

Child↗
PubMed1978

[One chronobiological aspect of sterotyped behaviour (author's transl)].

The stereotyped behaviours of six institutionalized handicapped children were continuously observed during several days. Each child showed at least two forms of stereotyped behaviour. Using spectra of variance and cross-correlation analysis, the data were analysed with respect to underlying periodicities. A 2.5-hour cycle was found in all observed stereotypies. Furthermore, stable phase relationships were found between the periodic variations of different stereotypies in one and the same child. The temporal courses of hand and oral stereotypies were synchronous but head and whole-body stereotypies were delayed by half a phase with respect to sterotypic handwaving. A possible relationship is discussed between the 2.5-hour periodicity of stereotyped behaviour and Kleitman's "Basic Rest Activity Cycle."

Aggression↗
PubMed1977

Oxygen affinity of hemoglobin in postmenopausal women.

In a group of 12 postmenopausal women the P50-value (i.e. half saturation tension of oxygen) and other parameters of the red blood count were determined and compared with values of a male group of the same age. A small but significant difference could be found between the hematocrit values but no other values differed. In particular, the sex difference in oxygen affinity reported earlier does not exist in men and women on this age group.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Tempo change during body rocking.

Occasional tempo change during spontaneous body rocking is described in two institutionalised mentally retarded children. Both acceleration and deceleration in moment-to-moment rate of body rocking were demonstrated under constant environmental conditions. The findings are discussed in relation to the automatism hypothesis of stereotyped behaviour.

Automatism↗
PubMed1976

Spontaneous fluctuation in rate of body rocking: a methodological note.

Descriptive data are presented on the natural occurrence of stereotyped body rocking in three institutionalised, mentally retarded children. Both ward and test situation observations suggest that there is spontaneous fluctuation in rate of body rocking. These findings raise a serious methodological problem pertinent to the evaluation of experimental data on stereotyped behaviour: rate change attributed to experimental manipulation may in fact only be an instance of spontaneous fluctuation.

Behavior↗
PubMed1976

Experimental control of rhythm in stereotyped body rocking.

A technique is described which enabled external control of the rhythm of stereotyped body rocking in a profoundly retarded, non-verbal subject. This technique consists of training the individual to synchronize the rhythm of his body rocking with an externally driven pacemaker light. Evidence is presented for experimental control of rhythm in a profoundly retarded, institutionalized child with a chronic history of body rocking.

Behavior↗
PubMed1976

[Thyroxine in the treatment of euthyroid goiter and the prevention of goiter recurrence].

Patients with non-toxic goitre, or patients after an operation of non-toxic goitre, were given 75 mug thyroxine daily. The level of TSH decreased significantly only for the non-toxic goitre group. The TSH-TRH-test showed a high percentage of abnormal results, even after several months of treatment. An index for free thyroxine increased a little, but significantly. The neck sizes decreased only in the post-operative group significantly. The final scans showed a high percentage of goitres. 75 mug thyroxine is too small a dosage in these patients and 100 to 150 mug daily seem to be indicated in the above mentioned states.

Goiter↗