Incomplete kinase labelling of PCR primers yields 'doublet' artifacts in denaturing gradient gels.
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Base Sequence↗
Biomedical subjects
P Pfeiffer
Publications and source records attributed to P Pfeiffer.
A pharmacokinetic study of prednimustine as compared with prednisolone plus chlorambucil in cancer patients.
The pharmacokinetic characteristics of prednisolone and of chlorambucil and its beta-oxidized metabolite, phenylacetic mustard (PAM) were studied in plasma after the oral administration of 200 mg prednimustine (Sterecyt) and a regimen consisting of 20 mg prednisolone plus 20 mg chlorambucil, respectively. A total of 12 cancer patients completed this trial. The drugs were given in a cross-over study as single doses, and serial plasma samples were collected for 32 h. Chlorambucil and PAM were assayed by a gas chromatographic/mass spectrometry method and prednisolone, by radioimmunoassay. The median relative availability of the prednisolone and chlorambucil moiety in prednimustine was 19% and 16%, respectively. Prednisolone, as well as chlorambucil and PAM, appeared later and at a significantly lower concentration in plasma after treatment with prednimustine as compared with the mixture of chlorambucil and prednisolone. We also found that the elimination phase of chlorambucil and PAM in plasma is prolonged after the administration of prednimustine as compared with chlorambucil per se. In contrast, the elimination of the prednisolone moiety of prednimustine and that following the administration of a plain prednisolone tablet did not seem to differ. The modified plasma profile of the alkylating components following prednimustine administration may be important for the clinical efficacy of prednimustine.
Adult↗
A randomized study of epirubicin at four different dose levels in advanced breast cancer. Feasibility of myelotoxicity prediction through single blood-sample measurement.
Detailed pharmacokinetic analysis and subsequent evaluation of myelotoxicity were performed in 55 patients who had been randomized to 4 different doses of epirubicin (40, 60, 90 or 135 mg/m2 given i.v. every 3 weeks). A significantly positive correlation was demonstrated between the AUC and the myelotoxicity of epirubicin. A similar correlation was observed when the metabolite epirubicinol was also considered. The decrease in leucocyte count as expressed by the logarithmic ratio between nadir WBC and initial WBC was linearly correlated with the AUC of either epirubicin alone (r = -0.55, P less than 0.001) or epirubicin and epirubicinol together (r = -0.63, P less than 0.001). As a relationship between the concentration of epirubicin in a single plasma sample taken at 6 h following i.v. administration and the AUC of the drug has been established, a log-linear relationship between the expected decrease in leucocytes and the concentration at 6 h after administration could be calculated. The proposed model is expressed as the equation: log WBCnadir = log WBCinitial -0.0073 x c6 (ng/ml)-0.14.
Bone Marrow↗
Malignant mixed müllerian tumors of the ovary. Report of 13 cases.
Thirteen patients with verified malignant mixed Müllerian tumor of the ovary treated in Denmark during the 7-year period 1981-87 were reviewed. Two patients had homologous and 11 patients had heterologous tumors. Four patients with early stage disease underwent radical surgery; 9 patients had stage III disease. Median survival for all 13 patients was 12 months. Six patients received platinum-containing cytotoxic therapy; 2 of these patients without measurable disease became long-term survivors (survival times 42+ and 92+ months, respectively) and 3 of the 4 remaining patients with evaluable disease obtained an objective remission.
Aged↗
[Removal of cemented crowns and bridges using piezoelectric ultrasound].
50 cemented crowns and three-unit-bridges of 34 patients were treated by piezo-electric ultrasound. 23 of 32 crowns were removed within 10 min, 14 of 18 bridges were removed within 15 min. Crowns and bridges could be taken off after an average time of 5 min or of 12 min of ultrasound treatment, respectively. To remove the restorations only few strokes with the Treymann crown remover were required. In most cases patients felt no or only slight pain during ultrasound treatment. Restoring metal or ceramic surfaces after ultrasound treatment required final firing of the ceramic and polishing of the metal surfaces.
Crowns↗
[Nickel solubility of dental alloys in the immersions-test and in the mouth].
The nickel solubility of 7 different nickel-alloys was tested in vivo and in vitro. The results revealed that the solubility of the alloys, after encasing them in lactic-acid solution of pH 4.2 for a period of seven days, allows to find out those alloys, which will also clinically dissolve small amounts of ions only. The Ni59-65Cr26-23Mo11-9 mass per cent alloys dissolved the smallest quantities of nickel in the in vitro and the in vivo tests and are therefore recommended for clinical use instead of the type Ni74-85Cr15-13Mo5-3 alloys.
Chromium Alloys↗
[Nickel release of dental alloys as a function of the pH value of the corrosive solution].
Ni-59-65Cr26-23Mo11-9 alloys released distinctly lower quantities of nickel in lactic acid/saline solutions at pH 2.3, 4.2, or 6.5 than type Ni66-85Cr15-13Mo7-0 alloys for a period of 1 day and, subsequently, periods of 3 days over a total period of 33 days. While nickel solubility was similarly high at pH 2.3 and 4.2 (varying between 0.1 microns/cm2 d and 222 microns/cm2 d depending on the type of alloy), a maximum of 2 microns/cm2 d of nickel dissolved from all tested alloys at a pH value of 6.5.
Chromium Alloys↗
[Bond between wash elastomers and putty silicones].
Areas of elastomeric impression materials are deformed when impressions are removed from undercuts in the mouth. Bond strength between low and high viscosity impression materials is considered to be higher than the adhesion between impression material and teeth or gum (up to 50 N/cm2). Otherwise failure of impression may be due to failure of the bond between putty and wash elastomers. Bond strength of condensation putty and wash silicones was evaluated at about 70 N/cm2. Bond of putty and addition-cured wash silicones failed at about 130 N/cm2. Bond strength decreased to 34 N/cm2, when putty material was contaminated with saliva and dried before adding the wash elastomer. When putty silicones were rinsed and dried after contamination with saliva bond strength increased up to 80-90% that of fresh probes.
Adhesiveness↗
[Tensile strength of dental porcelains].
Flexural, compressive and tensile strength as well as the modulus of elasticity of 15 different dental ceramics were evaluated. Conventional dental ceramics differed insignificantly in their mechanical properties. By testing new products like Cerec 2 and especially In-Ceram there was found an evident increase in inner strength. For comparison the strength of some other new ceramics as Dicor increased slightly related to conventional ceramics.
Aluminum Oxide↗
[Nickel solubility and metallic taste].
Main causes for metal taste may be deficiency diseases (especially deficiency of zinc), medication or dental restorations. Saliva of probationers with partial dentures was analyzed for their nickel contents. The solubility behavior in saliva of the alloys studied was related to metal taste and burning sensation. For most alloys the frequency of metal taste was in accordance with the nickel solubility in saliva.
Adult↗
[Chemical bond of adhesive and palladium alloys].
Bond strength after SiOx-C-coating of palladium-alloys by heat treatment (Silicoater MD) and by sandblasting (Rocatec) to Bis-GMA-adhesives was evaluated. Up to 150 d storage in water we observed a mean bond strength of at least 25 N/mm2 for a palladium-tin-alloy using the Silicoater MD system and for a palladium-silver-alloy using the Rocatec-device/modified Bis-GMA-adhesive. There were only small differences between selfcuring and lightcuring preservation at the one hand and unpreserved samples at the other hand. Since the selfcuring preservation is easier to handle we favour this one. The bond strength of 25 N/mm2 is to be compared with the cohesive strength of human enamel which is known to be about 10 N/mm2. Bond strength after SiOx-C-coating (Silicoater MD) of a palladium-silver-alloy was about 10 N/mm2 only.
Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate↗
[Bond strength of etched In-Ceram(R) to tooth enamel].
Laminate veneers of porcelain may be suitable for the correction of enamel anomalies of incisors. They are, however, within the mouth subjected to high mechanical loads, aggressive humidity and abrupt temperature changes. Consequently high strength porcelain and a stable bond between the veneer and the enamel are mandatory. To prepare a retentive surface microscopic investigations reveal that etching of In-Ceram porcelain is less effective than etching of Biodent porcelain, which we investigated as a reference material. This is in accordance with the observed insufficient bond strength between In-Ceram porcelain and enamel. Therefore we conclude that under the environmental condition of the mouth In-Ceram porcelain, even if it is layered with Vitadur porcelain, can not be durably bonded to enamel at present.
Acid Etching, Dental↗
A novel pathway of DNA end-to-end joining.
Repair mechanisms related to illegitimate recombination can join nonhomologous DNA ends that terminate as protruding single strands (PSS). Here we analyze in Xenopus egg extracts joining reactions between 3' PSS termini and various partner termini. In junctions, 3' PSS termini are preserved by fill-in DNA synthesis, although their 5' recessed ends cannot serve as a primer. Alternative priming from a partner terminus ligated to the 3' PSS end appears unlikely, because no single strand-specific DNA ligases are detectable. We show that fill-in of 3' PSS termini precedes ligation and can even be primed in the absence of any ligation. Therefore, priming requires precise alignment of terminus pairs by a novel mechanism. We postulate that this is achieved by unique DNA binding proteins that align ends in various types of joining reactions.
Animals↗
The double-stranded RNA associated with the '447' cytoplasmic male sterility in Vicia faba is packaged together with its replicase in cytoplasmic membranous vesicles.
The 447 male sterility trait in Vicia faba is strictly correlated with the presence of well-defined membranous vesicles or 'cytoplasmic spherical bodies' not found in fertile isogenic maintainer plants, and by the occurrence of a discrete high molecular weight double-stranded RNA. We have purified these cytoplasmic membranous vesicles and find that they contain the dsRNA together with an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase whose activity depends upon the presence of Mg2+, requires the four-nucleoside triphosphates and is unaffected by inhibitors of cellular transcriptases, e.g. alpha-amanitin and Actinomycin D. The dsRNA can be labelled in vitro by incubating the cytoplasmic vesicles with radioactive NTPs, and the RNA synthesized in vitro is also in a double-stranded form as judged by its resistance to RNase digestion at high salt and its behaviour upon CF-11 chromatography. Treatment of the vesicles with a non-ionic detergent releases the dsRNA in the form of a complex with the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The enzyme can still carry out the specific synthesis of dsRNA in these solubilized complexes. The cytoplasmic vesicles therefore isolate this vertically transmitted, self-replicating dsRNA from the cellular milieu: the possible mode of action and relevance of this novel genetic element to the 447 cytoplasmic male sterility trait are discussed.
Cytoplasm↗
Success rate experience after rebonding and renewal of resin-bonded fixed partial dentures.
In a study of 703 resin-bonded fixed partial dentures, the success rates of two groups were analyzed where rebonding or renewals were necessary. Results revealed that rebonding often leads to repeated failures whereas renewals showed a failure rate similar to the whole of the investigated material.
Bias↗
Intraperitoneal carboplatin in the treatment of minimal residual ovarian cancer.
Thirty-one ovarian cancer patients with minimal residual disease after intravenous cisplatin combination chemotherapy were treated with intraperitoneal carboplatin (IP-Ca). The dose of IP-Ca was escalated from 150 to 350 mg/m2. Twenty-two patients received at least three courses of IP-Ca and were evaluable for efficacy. Third-look laparotomy was done in 10 patients. Two patients obtained a complete pathological response (CPR) lasting 33+ and 41+ months, respectively; 8 patients had minimal residual disease. Median survival for all patients was 14+ months. All patients were eligible for toxicity. Maximum tolerable dose in these heavily pretreated patients was 300 mg/m2 IP-Ca. The dose-limiting toxicity was thrombocytopenia; in 27% of the patients who received 350 mg/m2 IP-Ca, WHO grade 4 thrombocytopenia was seen. No patient had WHO grade 4 leukopenia. Subjective side effects consisted of mild nausea and vomiting (WHO). In conclusion, IP-Ca can produce CPR in heavily pretreated patients with only minor side effects.
Adult↗
Teniposide in recurrent or advanced cervical carcinoma: a phase II trial in patients not previously treated with cytotoxic therapy.
Thirty-two patients with advanced or recurrent cervical cancer were entered into this study of single-agent teniposide as first-line chemotherapy at a dose of 100 mg/m2 intravenously on Days 1-3 every 3 weeks. Of these patients, 7 (22%) had a partial response to therapy; no patient had a complete response. Median time to treatment failure was 13 weeks [95% confidence limits (CL): 10-21 weeks] and median survival was 28 weeks (95% CL: 14-43 weeks). Toxicity was moderate. Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia (WHO grade 3 or 4) was noted in 9 patients and 1 patient, respectively. Nausea and vomiting were mild. Seventy-five percent had alopecia requiring a wig. There were no treatment-related deaths. This study indicates that teniposide has some, although limited, activity in cervical cancer.
Adult↗
Systemic cytotoxic therapy of basal cell carcinoma. A review of the literature.
Fifty-five cases of systemic, cytotoxic therapy of patients with basal cell carcinoma have been reported in 53 patients in the English literature since the first report in 1960. Cytotoxic therapy without cis-platinum was used in 28 cases, resulting in only one partial response. On the contrary, 17 out of 22 evaluable patients (77%) responded to systemic treatment with cis-platinum-containing regimens. In 10 patients (45%) complete disappearance of the tumor was noted. These patients survived for a median time of more than 22 months (range 4+ to 51+ months). Although the experience is limited, the use of cis-platinum-containing regimens seems justified in the rare instances of metastatic disease, or when local treatment fails. When the primary tumor is very large, pretreatment with cis-platinum alone or in combination might be of value.
Adult↗