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Biomedical subjects

P Pesando

Publications and source records attributed to P Pesando.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Risk factors for type 2 diabetes in women attending menopause clinics in Italy: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze risk factors for type 2 diabetes among women attending menopause clinics in Italy for counselling about the menopause. SUBJECTS: Women attending a network of first-level outpatient menopause clinics in Italy for general counselling about menopause or treatment of menopausal symptoms. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with no exclusion criteria. Type 2 diabetes was defined according to National Diabetes Data Groups Indications and the fasting blood glucose at an oral glucose tolerance test within the previous year. RESULTS: Out of the 44 694 considered in this analysis, 808 had a diagnosis of diabetes type 2 (1.8%). In comparison with women aged < 50 years, the multivariate odds ratios (OR) of type 2 diabetes were 1.31 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.99-1.74) for women aged 50-52 years, 1.66 (95% CI, 1.27-2.17) at 53-56 years and 2.84 (95% CI, 2.20-3.67) in women aged > or = 57 years. Type 2 diabetes was less frequently reported in more educated women (OR high school/university vs. primary school = 0.44 (95% CI, 0.36-0.55)). Being overweight was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In comparison with women reporting a low level of physical activity, the multivariate OR of type 2 diabetes was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.54-0.84) for women reporting regular physical activity. In comparison with premenopausal women, the multivariate OR of type 2 diabetes was 1.38 (95% CI, 1.03-1.84) in women with natural menopause. This finding was present also after allowing for the potential confounding effect of age. The multivariate OR of diabetes for users of hormonal replacement therapy was 0.58 (95% CI, 0.46-0.73). CONCLUSIONS: This large cross-sectional study suggests that postmenopausal women are at higher risk of type 2 diabetes after allowance for the effect of age. Other main determinants of risk of type 2 diabetes in women around menopause were low socioeconomic status and being overweight. Diabetes was found less frequently in those taking hormone replacement therapy.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1996

Collamer intraocular contact lens to correct high myopia.

PURPOSE: To determine the feasibility of using posterior chamber intraocular contact lenses to treat myopia. SETTING: Ambulatory surgery centers in Torino, Ancona, and Ivrea, Italy. METHODS: The phakic intraocular contact lens is made of a collagen copolymer. We implanted 15 of these lenses in 14 patients with preoperative spherical equivalents ranging from -10.8 to -24.0 diopters (D); average myopia was -15.3 D +/- 3.1 (SD). Average follow-up was 7.0 +/- 1.95 months. RESULTS: Mean postoperative spherical equivalent was -2.0 +/- 1.6 D. Uncorrected visual acuity improved in 14 eyes. Best spectacle-corrected acuity was maintained or improved in all but one eye. No iritis or cataracts were observed. Six months postoperatively, the mean endothelial cell loss was 4%. A pupillary block requiring a superior peripheral iridectomy occurred in one eye. CONCLUSIONS: Because of the incomplete follow-up, we cannot draw conclusions about the long-term safety of the implantable contact lens. The intimate contact between the contact lens and the natural lens raises the possibility of cataract formation. However, examination by Scheimpflug photography and ultrasound biomicroscopy showed no progressive lens opacities.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1984

Determination of plasmatic copper and zinc in uncomplicated pregnancies.

The copper and zinc plasmatic concentrations were determined in a group of 50 pregnant women and in a control group. We found higher copper and lower zinc plasmatic levels in pregnancy than in control group. No correlation was found between the copper and zinc plasmatic levels and the weeks of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Congenital toxoplasmosis: a serologic screening of 963 mothers and their children at birth.

An investigation carried out according to a predetermined serologic screening sought to evaluate the prevalence, level, and quality of fluorescent anti-Toxoplasma antibodies in a population sample of a certain district. The most important issues concern the risk of congenital toxoplasmosis for the above-mentioned subjects, the level of serotiter for expected risk, and the features of our screening protocol as regards thoroughness and the possibility of early diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Bilateral papilloedema in long term therapy with lithium carbonate.

A 31-year-old white woman developed bilateral papilloedema whilst on lithium carbonate therapy for five years because of manic depressive illness. Oedema of the optic disc disappeared after lithium administration had been discontinued. To our knowledge this is the second case of this kind which has been reported in literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Serum prolactin levels during inhibition of lactation by cyclofenil.

Inhibition of lactation is now usually achieved by the use of dopaminergic or antiserotoninergic drugs. An interesting, alternative approach, however, is represented by the use of antiestrogenic agents, though their mechanism of action is still uncertain. We have given cyclofenil at daily doses of 1200, 800 and 600 mg to a total of 100 post-partum women who required not to lactate. The clinical results were excellent or good in 83 women, fair in 9 and poor in 8. After 3, 5, and 7 days of treatment serum prolactin levels of treated women, if compared with those of control group, showed a decrease ranging from 25 to 27%, from 42 to 44%, and from 60 to 64% respectively. Blood coagulation, as judged by several laboratory parameters, did not show abnormal changes in any subject treated with cyclofenil.

Cresols↗
PubMed1979

[Determination of plasma chromium in pregnant women at term and in the umbilical cord blood].

Plasma chrome concentrations were determined in pregnant women, in the funiculus blood of their children and in a population of a children within the first year age. Plasma chrome concentrations tend to significantly decrease during pregnancy, pointing out the effect of pregnancy on chrome metabolism. No significant variations were found in plasma chrome values both of mother blood and foetus blood. In newborn babies, plasma chrome concentrations tend to significantly increase within the first year of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Vertical retraction syndrome.

A 14-year-old white boy, the second of 5 brothers, showed a congenital deficit of ocular motility in his left eye, characterized by limited elevation, marked retraction of the globe and narrowing of the palpebral fissure during upward gaze. The ocular movements in the other directions of gaze were normal with normal binocular vision and stereopsis. The characteristics of the motility defect and the results of the forced duction test suggest the possibility of an anomaly of superior rectus scleral insertion rather than of an innervational defect or of a muscular fibrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Effect of quinestrol on plasma and urinary gonadotropins of postmenopausal women.

Ten postmenopausal women were given a 4-mg load of quinestrol by mouth and plasma FSH and LH were serially determined at monthly intervals. By bioassay, total urinary gonadotropins were also measured at the same times. Plasma FSH and apparent total gonadotropin levels in the urine were depressed to very low levels up to 3 months, while plasma LH was slightly affected. Tentative explanations of this discrepancy are presented.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors associated with climacteric symptoms in women around menopause attending menopause clinics in Italy.

OBJECTIVE: To obtain data on correlates of climacteric symptoms in women around menopause attending menopause clinics in Italy. METHODS: Since 1997 a large cross sectional study has been conducted on the characteristics of women around menopause attending a network of first level menopause outpatient's clinics in Italy. A total of 66,501 (mean age 54.4 years) women are considered in the present paper. RESULTS: The odds ratios of moderate and severe hot flashes/night sweats were lower in more educated women and (for severe symptoms only) in women reporting regular physical activity. Depression, difficulty to sleep, forgetfulness and irritability tended to be less frequent in more educated women and (depression only) in women reporting regular physical activity. Parous women reported more frequently these symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: This large study confirms in Southern European population that low education, body mass index and low physical activity are associated with climacteric symptoms. Parous women are at greater risk of psychological symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intersexual states].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome↗