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Biomedical subjects

P Peralta

Publications and source records attributed to P Peralta.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Evolution study in children with suspected obstructive sleep apnea].

INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a common disorder in childhood with an uncertain evolution. OBJECTIVES: Study of children's clinical evolution with suspected diagnosis of OSAS, which was carried out after two years of an overnight polisomnogram. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 73 children were studied. We evaluated if they had been operated and what type of surgery was performed, Brouillete Scale and subjective impressions. We have correlated: age, clinical evolution and surgery. RESULTS: Age was inversely correlated with changes in Brouillete (r=-0.39, p=0.002), standing out that children that underwent surgery were younger (4.1 vs. 7.0 years, Student t: -4.22, p=0.00009). Without the influence of age, the difference between evolution in operated and not operated ones was not significative, statistically speaking, but it was if we analysed the different types of surgery by themselves (Snedecor F: 3.9, p=0.007), tonsillectomy was the larger. CONCLUSION: The middle-term evolution in children with OSAS is good if we use the correct treatment.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Post traumatic partial seizures].

INTRODUCTION: Post traumatic epilepsy represents 4% of the prevalence of the disorder and is one of the sequelas which is most difficult to prevent. Risk factors have been described to predict the appearance of seizures. CLINICAL CASE: A seven year old boy with a severe head injury was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. On neuroimaging studies there were multiple foci of contusion, mainly in the left hemisphere, and blood in the III and IV ventricles and frontal horn of the left lateral ventricle. The patient had severe sequelae of head injury with a right spastic hemiplegia and hemiparesia with hypertony of the left side, together with complete blindness of both eyes due to bilateral atrophy of the optic nerve. Serial EEG were done, in which a recording showed alternating periods of hypervoltage grapho elements superimposed on a trace of very low voltage, with continuous activity of low voltage and low frequency. There were no grapho elements with acute morphology. However, the patient had a first partial seizure a year and a half after his head injury. On the EEG an epileptogenic focus was identified in the left hemisphere. Within two years of his head injury he had seven seizures. He had not received prophylactic antiepileptic treatment after the head injury. CONCLUSIONS: We report a case of epilepsy secondary to a head injury, in which the first seizure occurred one and a half years after injury. In view of the risk factors, we discuss whether prophylactic anti epileptic treatment might have been beneficial.

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Landau kleffner syndrome].

INTRODUCTION: The Landau Kleffner syndrome (SLK) is associated with paroxystic alterations of the electroencephalogram which are intensified during sleep, with acquired aphasia and epilepsy, in 75 83% of the cases. The syndrome is associated with other features, such as personality disorders presenting as autistic behaviour, cognitive regression and in some cases, motor dysfunction. The epileptic activity appears to be responsible for the disorder. Treatment with anti epileptic drugs is ineffective in many cases, although there may be periods of spontaneous improvement, or there may be permanent sequelas of language. Design. A systematic revision of one case. CASE REPORT: A five year old boy with no previous clinical history had, at the age of four years, presented with behaviour changes and aphasia, accompanied by paroxystic changes on the EEG and nocturnal polysomnogram. On cranial CT there was a mid line cyst. He had had no seizures. Treatment. Treatment with carbamazepine led to clinical improvement in behaviour, reduction in the paroxysms and appearance of sleep spindles, but little effect on the degree of aphasia. CONCLUSIONS: The case described is a variant of SLK, with no epileptic seizures, some improvement on carbamazepine and a mid line cyst.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cognitive evoked potentials in autistic children].

AIMS: The aim of this study was to examine the latency, amplitude and distribution of N400 potential in order to evaluate the semantic processing capacity in autistic children and in children suffering from Asperger s syndrome (AS), and to compare them with a control group. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 24 autistic children, six boys with AS and 25 controls, aged between 6 and 14 years old. The cases were examined using the DSM IV diagnostic criteria. Auditory stimulation was performed with pairs of congruent and incongruent words: two lists of 20 pairs of semantically related words (congruent) and 20 pairs of words with no semantic relationship whatsoever (incongruent). RESULTS: The most striking parameter is the increase in latency in N400 for the group of autistic children, which did not occur in the group of children with AS. Maximum N400 negativity for the children with autism was found in the left frontocentral region. No significant differences were observed for the amplitude of N400 between the three groups that were studied. CONCLUSION: Neurophysiologically, the autistic children and those affected by AS perhaps use different neuronal networks in semantic processing. The N400 wave can be a valid test for monitoring verbal processing in these children.

Adolescent↗