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Biomedical subjects

P Pellerin

Publications and source records attributed to P Pellerin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Lower lip repair in Van der Woude syndrome.

Van der Woude syndrome is an unusual congenital malformation. It combines lower lip sinuses with a cleft lip and/or palate. The asymmetry appears more pronounced due to lower lip hypotonia and procheilia, which are more unaesthetic than the fistulae themselves. The malformation of the orbicularis oris muscle in its medial part induces the hypotonic aspect of the lower lip, which contrasts with the retracted scarred upper lip after the cleft has been repaired. It is also responsible for a real bilabial asymmetry. For many years, the most common surgical treatment was simple excision of the sinuses. Bad functional repair results prompted the authors to try another surgical procedure, the split-lip advancement technique as described by Mutaf. The authors report here on 8 operated children out of 25 patients followed up for Van der Woude syndrome. They evaluated the results according to the appearance of the lip when relaxed, its functional aspect, and the satisfaction of the parents or the child. Our results point to the importance of early surgical treatment, radical excision of dysplastic tissue and the repair of lip muscles to restore good lip functionality and satisfactory bilabial symmetry. The technique now used in our department has made it possible for us to achieve these goals.

Child↗
PubMed2002

[Cleft lip and palate treatment in the plastic surgery department in the university hospital center in Lille].

The aim of cleft care is to favor a normal socialization of patients with fewer therapeutic coercion. It supposes a full multidisciplinary team including psychologist, speech therapeutic, dental orthopedist, oto-rhino-laryngologist and surgeons. All of them have to be well trained which supposes a sufficient amount of cases: anglo-saxon studies have proven that a mean of at least 20 new cases per year of primary cleft were necessary. With purposes to enhance the effectiveness of treatment: prospective studies and measurements of results must be evaluated with the help of objective criteria. These are the goals of our team in lille. Our surgical principles are those of functional procedures, which privilege the muscle function's repair.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed2002

[Sebaceous hamartoma of Jadasshon: trichoblastoma mimicking basal cell carcinoma?].

The sebaceous hamartoma of Jadassohn is a congenital skin malformation usually appeared at birth or in early childhood. Many authors support the notion that early complete surgical excision is necessary to prevent the development of malignant neoplasms (especially basal cell carcinoma) after puberty. On the contrary, others in recent large series suggest that it is an histological misdiagnosis: the basal cell-carcinoma is in fact a trichoblastoma, basaloïd neoplasm, but non-malignant one. We have also asked anatomopathologist for proofreading slide previously described as basal cell carcinoma to research unknown trichoblastoma. During the period, 1982 to 1999, 80 sebaceous hamartoma of Jadassohn were excised and 19 basal cell carcinoma were found. The basal cell carcinoma diagnosis has been confirmed in two cases only. The others were pigmented trichoblastomas. So, trichoblastoma is the most common basaloïd tumor developed in sebaceous of hamartoma Jadassohn. Nevertheless, we should recommend surgical excision during the childhood because of best elasticity of tissue, especially on the scalp where it's mostly localized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Surgery for craniosynostosis: timing and technique].

Craniosynostoses are a group of diseases, the presentation of which differs markedly on account of the cranial suture involved. Their impact is cosmetic, cerebral, and ophthalmologic. Syndromic craniosynostoses associate a more or less pronounced faciostenosis, which requires surgical correction as well, because of cosmetic, ophthalmologic or airway problems. Surgical treatment depends on the type of the craniosynostosis and the patient's age; ideally, the child should be operated between 3 and 12 months. This surgery requires a perfect collaboration between neurosurgeon, plastic surgeon, and anaesthesiologist. Surgical correction allows in large measures the preservation of intellect, sight, and body image.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed2001

Involvement of pectin methyl-esterase during the ripening of grape berries: partial cDNA isolation, transcript expression and changes in the degree of methyl-esterification of cell wall pectins.

Grape berries (Vitis vinifera L., cv Ugni blanc) were harvested at 12 different weeks of development in 1996 and 1997. Ripening was induced at veraison, the crucial stage of berry softening, and was followed by a rapid accumulation of glucose and fructose and an increase of pH. Total RNAs, crude proteins and cell wall material were isolated from each developmental stage. A partial length cDNA (pme1, accession number AF159122, GenBank) encoding a pectin methyl-esterase (PME, EC 3.1.1.11) was cloned by RT-PCR with degenerate primers. Northern blots revealed that mRNAs coding for PME accumulate from one week before the onset of ripening until complete maturity, indicating that this transcript represents an early marker of veraison and could be involved in berry softening. However, PME activity was detected during all developmental stages. Total activity per berry increased, whereas "specific" activity, on a fresh weight basis, decreased during development. The amount of cell wall material (per berry and per g of berry) followed the same pattern as that of PME activity (total and "specific" respectively), indicating they were tightly correlated and that PME levels varied very little in the cell walls. Nevertheless, the degree of methyl-esterification of insoluble pectins decreased throughout the development from 68% in green stages to less than 20% for the ripe berries, and this observation is consistent with the induction of PME mRNAs during ripening. Relations between transcript expression, PME activity, the DE of insoluble pectic polysaccharides and their involvement in grape berry ripening are discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2001

[Breast reconstruction using gluteal inferior free flaps. 34 cases in 30 patients].

Recent evolution of breast reconstruction favorised autologous tissues, without prosthesis. 34 gluteal inferior free flaps have been performed in 30 patients aged from 33 to 72 years for immediate reconstruction (6) or secondary reconstruction (28), unilateral (26) or bilateral (8 flaps); after complete mastectomy (21 included a bilateral one), partial mastectomy (3), sub-cutaneous mastectomy with skin-sparing mastectomy (3 bilateral cases), radical mastectomy with radiolesion (2), non efficient reconstruction using prosthesis (2). The myocutaneous flap vascularized by gluteal inferior artery was anastomosed on thoracodorsal pedicle or on humeral vein. Added procedures have been symmetrizations (21), flap modifications (21), nipple reconstruction (20). Thirty three flaps presented good survey. Cosmetic results were excellent in five cases, good in 21 cases, middle in eight cases. Flap disadvantages were: possible failure of microsurgery with vessel thrombosis and flap necrosis, long operative time (average five hours), variable quality of the skin flap and hypoesthesia of the posterior area of buttock. Flap advantages were: the suffisant volume (300 to 500 g), the simple procedure to raise the flap (after specific training) and discrete scar of the donor site. This flap seems to be a excellent method for autologous mammary versus TRAM flap or latissimus dorsi added fat flap.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Facial burns in children. 197 patients].

Facial burns frequently occur in child. A total of 197 burned patients with facial localisation were seen during the time period (1991-1996) covered by this retrospective study. One hundred and sixteen patients were less than three years old. A quarter of the child were issued from poor social classes with nine cases of child abuse by burning. One hundred and thirteen injuries were performed by hot water or drinks. The total burn area was less than 10% in 63% of the cases. The average facial burned area was 4%. The cheek, the front and the chin were often concerned. Low limbs and trunk were unjured in all cases. 130 patients needed hospitalisation, and stayed in average 17.31 days at hospital. Four patients died from respiratory complications, all after flame injuries. Fifty two child needed skin split grafts. Complete cicatrisation was observed after 21 days of treatment in child without grafts, and after 35.65 days in child with skin grafts. Twenty eight patients needed physiotherapy in center. The scars had a correct cosmetic appearance, without retraction and inflammatory signs in 158 child after two years. Eleven patients needed other surgical treatment. The authors analyse the results and insist on prevention.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed2001

[Mid-facial distraction without osteotomy with a trans-facial pin. Report of 4 clinical cases].

After the publications of Mulhbaüer, Raposo do Amaral and mainly the one of Toth and Chin, it has been proved that midfacial distraction was an effective procedure for the treatment of cranio-facial dysostosis. First attempts to distract (in human) the midface without osteotomies has given poor results because devices acting on the zygomatic bone had failed to draw forward the maxilla through a thin maxillo-zygomatic suture which had been dislocated. With the help of a transfacial pin and an external device, we have obtained in four patients an important advancement of the maxilla. We report here the surgical procedure and preliminary results.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2001

[Extended nasal reconstruction with forehead flap. Report of a series of 12 adults].

The authors report a study about 12 cases of partial, total and extensive rhinectomy treated by a median "gingko flower" forehead flap. Technical adaptations are described to resolve the difficult problem of support and lining reconstruction. The authors compare their technique with the various other methods: the classical one (Converse scalping and sea-gull Millard's flaps) or more recent surgical solutions (distal composite flaps and expansion).

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Goat's milk in nutrition].

Compared with cow's milk and mother's milk, goat's milk has biochemical properties theoretically favoring its nutritional value. The theoretical beneficial effects of goat's milk have incited experimental studies in the pig model and clinical studies (particularly in children). They have also inspired research on the bioavailability and digestibility of goat's milk and led to work improving goat breeds using feeding, genetic or transgenetic methodologies. We can expect to see adapted goat's milk food being proposed for children, particularly those intolerant to cow's milk, for patients with gastrointestinal disease, or even as a supplement for the elderly and malnourished. One can hope that the people living in developing countries, where the goat population is the most important, will benefit from the production of quality goat's milk.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Orbital exenteration].

Exenteration of the orbit is a disfiguring and destructive procedure that is usually reserved for treatment of life-threatening orbital malignancy when a less radical operation such as local surgery, chemotherapy, or irradiation are deemed inadequate or have failed. Many methods have been published for managing the socket, but of primary importance is the need to remove all diseased tissue prior to considering any reconstructive efforts. Options include spontaneous granulation, skin grafting, or muscle flaps. This article will describe the development and the indications for this procedure and will outline the surgical techniques and its complications, the various reconstructive efforts, and survival. The success of orbital exenteration depends on recurrence, histological type, tumor size, and tumor-free margins.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

Structural characterization of the pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan II: evidence for the backbone location of the aceric acid-containing oligoglycosyl side chain.

Monomeric rhamnogalacturonan II (mRG-II) was isolated from red wine and the reducing-end galacturonic acid of the backbone converted to L-galactonic acid by treatment with NaBH4. The resulting product (mRG-II'ol) was treated with a cell-free extract from Penicillium daleae, a fungus that has been shown to produce RG-II-fragmenting glycanases. The enzymatically generated products were fractionated by size-exclusion and anion-exchange chromatographies and the quantitatively major oligosaccharide fraction isolated. This fraction contained structurally related oligosaccharides that differed only in the presence or absence of a single Kdo residue. The Kdo residue was removed by acid hydrolysis and the resulting oligosaccharide then characterized by 1- and 2D 1H NMR spectroscopy, ESMS, and by glycosyl-residue and glycosyl-linkage composition analyses. The results of these analyses provide evidence for the presence of at least two structurally related oligosaccharides in the ratio approximately 6:1. The backbone of these oligosaccharides is composed of five (1-->4)-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues and a (1-->3)-linked L-galactonate. The (1-->4)-linked GalpA residue adjacent to the terminal non-reducing GalpA residue of the backbone is substituted at O-2 with an apiosyl-containing side chain. Beta3-L-Araf-(1-->5)-beta-D-DhapA is likely to be linked to O-3 of the GalpA residue at the non-reducing end of the backbone in the quantitatively major oligosaccharide and to O-3 of a (1-->4)-linked GalpA residue in the backbone of the minor oligosaccharide. Furthermore, the results of our studies have shown that the enzymically generated aceryl acid-containing oligosaccharide contains an alpha-linked aceryl acid residue and a beta-linked galactosyl residue. Thus, the anomeric linkages of these residues in RG-II should be revised.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMed2000

The rhamnogalacturonan-II dimer decreases intestinal absorption and tissue accumulation of lead in rats.

The rhamnogalacturonan-II dimer (dRG-II) forms strong complexes in vitro with lead (Pb) and other selected cations. We examined the in vivo bioavailability of Pb complexed with dRG-II and the effect of unleaded dRG-II on the intestinal absorption and tissue retention of Pb in rats. Forty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Each group consumed a purified control diet for 3 wk or the same diet supplemented with: i) 3 mg of Pb/kg, ii) 0.5 g of leaded dRG-II/kg, or iii) 0.5 g of leaded dRG-II/kg and 4.5 g of unleaded dRG-II/kg. The leaded dRG-II provided approximately 3 mg of Pb/kg of diet. A chemical balance study was conducted during the last 5 d of the 3-wk study, and blood and organs were sampled for Pb and mineral analyses. The apparent intestinal absorptions of Pb were 62.3, 15.2, 11.8 and -0.1%, and Pb balances were 1.9, 9.6, 5.6 and -0.2 microg/d for the control and the three experimental groups, respectively. The Pb complexed with dRG-II was less available than Pb acetate, as reflected by significantly lower blood and tissue Pb levels. The addition of unleaded dRG-II decreased the intestinal absorption and the tissue retention of Pb significantly. We further found that the apparent absorption and status of magnesium, zinc and iron were unaffected by Pb treatment or dRG-II addition. We conclude that dRG-II may be useful in decreasing toxicity related to chronic Pb exposure. Human studies will be necessary however, to further evaluate the clinical utility of this beneficial effect.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2000

Epignathus teratoma: report of three cases with a review of the literature.

Three cases of epignathus teratoma associated with other midline anomalies are reported. The first case involved Pierre Robin sequence and a bifid tongue. The second case was characterized by two teratomas, a meningoencephalocele, and a cleft lip and nose. The third case had Pierre Robin sequence associated with duplication of the pituitary gland and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2000

[Aged parents and aging handicapped persons: a new situation, an attempt to respond].

The longevity increase which characterises the society evolution at the end of the 20th century, also concerns the handicapped people. The fact is particularly outstanding for mentally handicapped people such as the Down's Syndrome population. We are nowadays discovering the first generation of the "over 40 year-old people". Among the eldest, many of them have never left home as specialised structures were non existent when they were young. Even those, not many of them in that age group, who have been able to have access to a CAT and to profit by a specialised centre, cannot carry on working after their 35th birthday, because of their early ageing, and because of their tiredness. Therefore, they are early excluded from the CAT, they lose their advantage of being in a specialised centre and they finely have to go back home. Many parents of mentally handicapped people who live at home, even though they are not yet too old, seem to get more and more tired with their ageing advance, which, day after day, makes their unremitting action harder and harder towards their child who is also getting older. The makers relate the innovating and experimental initiative of a "Hameau Services", nowadays located at Sommières-du-Clain, a rural parish in the south of Vienne country, which offers to welcome still valid ageing parents and their mentally handicapped ageing child who lives in their own house. The collective services which are assured by the managing association, tend to relieve them in their daily material tasks in the aim of contributing to the prejudice of the unexpected arrival of the manifestations of the subordination through a proposition of a better life quality of the handicapped adult and his parents.

Aged↗