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Biomedical subjects

P Passa

Publications and source records attributed to P Passa.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Treatment of arterial hypertension in insulin-treated diabetic patients. Change over 3 years (1985-1988)].

In 1985, an assessment of arterial hypertension treatment in insulin-treated diabetic patient gave disappointing results. In 1988, we carried out another study in order to assess the impact of new antihypertensive drugs (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and calcium antagonists) on the management of arterial hypertension and to identify patients in whom strict normal blood pressure control is mandatory. Seven hundred and fifty four patients were selected. The prevalence of arterial hypertension was 38.4 p. 100 (n = 290). Two hundred and thirty five patients (31.2 p. 100) were on antihypertensive treatment: monotherapy: 60.4 p. 100 (n = 142), bitherapy: 30.6 p. 100 (n = 72), tritherapy: 9 p. 100 (n = 21). In descending order of frequency, the following drugs were used: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium antagonists, diuretics, cardio-selective beta-blockers, central acting agents. Blood pressure values significantly decreased (148/83 mmHg, in 1988, vs 157/85 mmHg, in 1985, p less than 0.05). However, 20 p. 100 of the patients still had blood pressure values greater than or equal to 160 and/or 95 mmHg with or without antihypertensive treatment, and on average, blood pressure values remained higher in patients with antihypertensive treatment than in those without (148/83 mmHg vs 131/77 mmHg, p less than 0.001). Patients with urinary albumin excretion above or equal 30 mg/24 h compared to those with normal albuminuria had significant higher values of blood pressure, glycosylated haemoglobin and blood lipids (p less than 0.01). Only 51 p. 100 of these patients, received an antihypertensive treatment. This study emphasizes the difficulty of antihypertensive treatment in insulin-treated diabetic patients and the necessity to improve education in patients with high risk for widespread angiopathy, and particularly those with increased urinary albumin excretion.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1991

[Prevention of terminal kidney failure in insulin-dependent diabetics. Current status and prospects].

Thirty percent of insulin-dependent diabetics develop a nephropathy which, when left untreated, leads within a few years to terminal renal failure with its considerable human and financial consequences. Antihypertensive drugs constitute the most effective means of slowing down the deterioration of glomerular filtration. Terminal renal failure and its cardiovascular complications can really be prevented provided the patient is treated at the early stage of incipient diabetic nephropathy. During the last few years, various therapeutic measures have been suggested with very promising short- and medium-term results. The dream of a true prevention of diabetic nephropathy will become a reality when the results of well-controlled clinical trials with prolonged follow-up will be available.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1991

[X syndrome].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Prevalence and significance of left ventricular filling abnormalities determined by Doppler echocardiography in young type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients.

In 16 insulin-dependent diabetic patients, 36 +/- 8 years old with no microangiopathy, hypertension or coronary artery disease, and 16 healthy control subjects matched for sex, age and body surface area, the following parameters were obtained by Doppler-echocardiography: (1) end-diastolic left ventricular thickness and radius; (2) aortic pulse wave velocity; (3) mitral flow with measurement of early and late (atrial) peak velocities (E and A), pressure half-time and the velocity time integrals of the entire mitral curve and of the atrial wave; and (4) isovolumic relaxation time (i.e., the time between aortic closure and the mitral opening signals recorded simultaneously by continuous-wave Doppler). Heart rate and systolic blood pressure were not different in the 2 groups. Aortic pulse wave velocity and the wall thickness to radius ratio were significantly increased in the diabetic patients compared to the controls. E was significantly reduced whereas A/E, pressure half-time, the atrial contribution to the left ventricular filling (i.e., the ratio of the atrial velocity time integral to the mitral velocity time integral) and the isovolumic relaxation time were significantly increased in the diabetic group versus the control subjects. Lastly, 11 of 16 diabetic patients (69%) had at least 2 of the following abnormalities: A/E greater than 0.71, an atrial contribution to the left ventricular filling greater than 0.25, a pressure half-time greater than 50 ms and an isovolumic relaxation time greater than 88 ms. No correlations were found between the wall thickness to radius ratio, aortic pulse wave velocity and the filling indexes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Prevalence and management of arterial hypertension in diabetic patients treated with insulin].

In small series of selected hypertensive diabetic patients the short-term benefit of antihypertensive treatments is well documented. The purpose of this study was to analyse the management of arterial hypertension in a cohort of 612 insulin-treated diabetic out-patients routinely and consecutively examined in a diabetologic clinic between January 1, 1985 and April 1, 1986. The prevalence of arterial hypertension (i.e. patients with blood pressure values greater than or equal to 160 and/or 95 mmHg or on antihypertensive treatment) was 38 per cent (232 patients). One hundred and eighty-two patients (29.7 per cent) received an antihypertensive treatment (one drug 78 per cent, two drugs 17 per cent, three drugs 5 per cent). In decreasing order of frequency these drugs were: beta-blockers, diuretics, central acting agents, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and calcium antagonists. In treated hypertensive diabetic patients the mean +/- SD systolic blood pressure (157.1 +/- 19.1 mmHg) and diastolic pressure (85.3 +/- 9.3 mmHg) remained higher than in patients without antihypertensive treatment (133.4 +/- 17.2 and 77.8 +/- 8.3 mmHg respectively). One hundred and forty-two diabetic patients still had blood pressure values greater than or equal to 160 and/or 95 mmHg during visits; 92 were on antihypertensive treatment, 50 were untreated. In hypertensive diabetic patients the mean total glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1) level was higher than in normotensive diabetic patients (9 +/- 1.6 versus 8.6 +/- 1.8; P less than 0.05). Hypertensive insulin-treated diabetics are the most seriously ill patients, they are under inadequate care. Wrong choice of antihypertensive drugs, incorrect goals of blood pressure reduction, lack of information and education to improve compliance were the main reasons for the poor results of this study.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Physical properties of the aorta in normotensive insulin-dependent diabetic subjects. Study using Doppler echocardiography].

UNLABELLED: We studied 16 normotensive insulin-dependent diabetic patients (D) (11 males + 5 females) aged of 25-51 years old (mean = 35 +/- 6) with a good glycemic control, without microangiopathy and previous heart disease and 16 healthy control of 25 subjects (C) matched for sex age and body area. We measured: Systolic blood pressure (SBP) with a mercury sphygmomanometer, aortic diameter (AD), end diastolic left ventricular radius (r) and wall thickness (Th) by Echocardiography TM with 2 D echo control, the pulse wave delay (PWD) by measurement of time between the feet of aortic velocity tracings, recorded in the isthmus and near the diaphragm, Sternal length (L). Parameters calculated were: the ratio th/r. The pulse wave velocity PWV = L/PWD and the ratio PWV/AD which represents an indirect index of aortic characteristic impedance. (table; see text) PWV and the radio Th/r are significantly increased in diabetic patients as compared to the control group. Th/r is not significantly correlated with PWV in the 2 groups. This lack of correlation could be explained in the control group by the small rang of values of PWV (5-7.3 ms-1) and Th/r (0.26-0.38). It is not the case in the diabetic group where values are widespread (PWD 5-10 ms-1 and Th/r 0.23-0.53). IN CONCLUSION: in normotensive young insulin-dependent diabetic patients studied by doppler echocardiography: aortic rigidity measured by the pulse wave velocity is increased. Th/r ratio is also increased but this change of left ventricular geometry is not related to aortic rigidity in this group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Cicletanine tolerance in hypertensive patients with metabolic disorders].

In this double-blind trial, the clinical and biochemical side-effects of cicletanine 150-200 mg/day were compared with those of indapamide 2.5 mg/day in a population of hypertensive with such metabolic disorders as diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyperlipidaemia or hyperuricaemia. Sixteen patients received cicletanine and 15 indapamide; 2 patients in the indapamide group were excluded, one for undesirable effect, the other for unexpected effect. The two treatments did not produce any significant change in natremia, glycaemia, uricemia, creatininemia or blood lipid level. Kalemia remained stable under cicletanine but was significantly reduced under indapamide, requiring supplementation with potassium salts in 5 patients. Both cicletanine and indapamide proved to be effective as antihypertensive drugs, although blood pressure levels at inclusion were different in each of the two groups.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Primary hyperparathyroidism disclosed by heart arrhythmia].

The authors report a case of primary hyperparathyroidism in a 47 year old woman presenting with cardiac arrhythmias. She had paraoxystic supraventricular tachycardias and rate-dependent ventricular hyperexcitability suggestive of a catecholamine-induced phenomenon which were resistant to antiarrhythmic therapy over a 3 year period; the plasma calcium concentration was 3.30 mmol/l. An ectopic parathyroid adenoma was removed surgically, normalising the biological changes, and no further arrhythmias were detected by Holter monitoring during the 2 year follow-up period. The association of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias seems to be relatively rate in hyperparathyroidism; patients usually present with atrioventricular block and ventricular hyperexcitability. The other cardiovascular abnormalities observed in hyperparathyroidism are hypertension and myocardial hypertrophy. The electrophysiological mechanisms underlying the clinical manifestations remain obscure.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗