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Biomedical subjects

P Parola

Publications and source records attributed to P Parola.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Infections of vascular prostheses of the abdominal aorta. Diagnostic and therapeutic problems].

UNLABELLED: Aortic graft infection is one of the most serious complication of vascular surgery. While the incidence of such infections has declined over the years, it continues to be associated with high mortality and high rates of limb loss. Graft implanted in the inguinal area have a higher rate of infection than those that lie entirely within the abdomen. Infection of the intraabdominal extremities of vascular grafts is most frequently associated with prostheto-enteric fistula. DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT: Despite the many available sophisticated imaging techniques diagnosis remains difficult, particularly with intra-abdominal grafts because of nonspecific clinical and imaging findings. A variety of approaches to aortic graft infection have been proposed and optimal treatment usually requires an association of systemic antibiotic administration with surgery. Removal of the entire infected graft is often necessary for cure and there are only few situations in which conservative treatment is acceptable. A careful identification of the infecting microorganisms and in vitro susceptibility testing are essential for successful therapy. PREVENTION: Prevention consists in a strict adherence to principles of asepsis and the use of prophylactic antibiotics in vascular surgery. The use of antibiotics-bound knitted grafts has been recently proposed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1999

[Chloroquine sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum at the Gamkalley Clinic and the Nigerian armed forces PMI (Niamey, Niger)].

In vivo tests for Plasmodium falciparum were carried out in 1998 during the rainy season among children in Niamey, in the Republic of Niger. Chloroquine was prescribed at 25 mg/kg for 3 days in febrile patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria. Forty-five 1-5 year-olds and thirty-three 6-15 year-olds were included in the study. A group of 53 adult patients was also surveyed to evaluate the efficacy of chloroquine in semi-immune persons. Body temperature and blood smears including parasitemia were recorded on days 0, 3, 7 and 14. Less than 10% of the patients were delinquent. Around 75% of the patients were successfully treated in the 1-5 year-olds and 6-15 year old age groups. Relapses were observed in 20% of the 1-5 year-olds (early relapses 8.9%, late relapses 11.1%) and in 16.7% in the 1-15 year-olds (early relapses 6.4%, late relapses 10.3%). Among adults, successful treatment was obtained in 86.8% of the cases and early and late relapses were respectively observed in 3.8% and 1.9% of the cases. All the patients with malaria relapses were cured with second-line treatments (pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine or quinine). According to these results, chloroquine resistance appears to be moderate in Niamey. Therefore chloroquine should remain the first line treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in this population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

First isolation of Rickettsia helvetica from Ixodes ricinus ticks in France.

Two rickettsial isolates recovered from Ixodes ricinus ticks in Puy-de-Dôme (Central France) were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Western blot immunoassay, restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, and sequencing of a portion of the citrate-synthase gene. By these methods, the isolates appeared to be identical to a member of the spotted fever group rickettsiae, Rickettsia helvetica. This first isolation of Rickettsia helvetica in France has epidemiologic importance; a serosurvey on Mediterranean spotted fever conducted previously in Puy-de-Dôme, where the infection is not endemic, demonstrated a high seroprevalence of nonspecific antibodies directed against spotted fever group rickettsiae lipopolysaccharides, and thus the possibility of infection due to a rickettsia different from Rickettsia conorii was suggested. The isolation of Rickettsia helvetica in anthropophilic ticks in the same area further supports this hypothesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Use of 16S rRNA gene sequencing to identify Lactobacillus casei in septicaemia secondary to a paraprosthetic enteric fistula.

Human infections caused by Lactobacillus spp. are rarely reported in the literature. Underlying conditions are frequently reported, and identification of lactobacilli to the species level remains rare. A case of Lactobacillus casei septicaemia secondary to a vascular graft infection is reported. The 16S rRNA sequencing technique was used to definitively identify Lactobacillus casei.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Ehrlichial DNA amplified from Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in France.

Granulocytic ehrlichia 16S rDNA was amplified for the 1st time from an Ixodes ricinus (Linne) tick collected in Europe. Sequence analysis of polymerase chain reaction products from the 16S rRNA gene demonstrated the organism from which it originated to be closely related to the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, an emerging disease that was recently described in the United States; Ehrlichia phagocytophila, the agent of tick-borne fever of ruminants in Europe; and Ehrlichia equi. the agent of the worldwide equine granulocytic ehrlichiosis. These granulocytic ehrlichiae have been associated with Ixodes spp. ticks that may act as vectors. It remains to be determined if each of these granulocytic ehrlichiae, that may constitute variants of the same species, is responsible for a specific disease in animals and in humans.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Murine typhus in travelers returning from Indonesia.

We report the first three documented cases of murine typhus imported into Europe from Indonesia, discuss clues for the diagnosis of the disease, and urge that murine fever be considered in the diagnosis of febrile disease in travelers.

Adult↗