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Biomedical subjects

P Palumbo

Publications and source records attributed to P Palumbo.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Arterial hypertension with hypopotassemia and hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis caused by abuse of a nasal spray].

The case of a young woman, using a nasal spray containing corticosteroids, presenting hypertension systodiastolic, hypokalemia and hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis is presented. Clinical findings, similar to hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex, recovered quickly after discontinuation of the drug. The principal causes of hypertension associated with hypokalemia and hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis, are discussed and the importance of nasal spray, containing glucocorticoids and sympathetic agonists, as a cause of high blood pressure syndromes with different clinical expression and of difficult diagnosis is stressed. The importance of systemic absorption of drugs administered by nasal route is also emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Hyperosmolar diabetic coma. Case reports and review of the literature].

The physiopathology and clinical picture of hyperosmolar diabetic coma are described, and four personal cases are presented. This form of coma is a rare, but particularly serious complication of diabetes mellitus. Since its prognosis is poor, even when suitable treatment is provided, the greatest possible care should be devoted to preventing its main cause, namely dehydration.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Serum gastrin in rheumatoid arthritis].

Since 1973 some Authors reported a high prevalence of raise serum gastrin levels in rheumatoid arthritis. In our study of 37 subjects with classic or defined RA, 29 (78%) had serum gastrin levels significantly higher than controls (mean 156.3% pg/ml versus 58.8 pg/ml) and 8 (22%) had normal levels. Basal acid output (BAO) and maximal acid output (MAO) of all affected patients did not differ from controls. We found no correlation among gastrinaemia, BAO, MAO, inflammation indexes and RA test. According to the normal acid output of our RA patients, hypergastrinaemia should be caused by factors different from hypochlorhydria. It is possible that immunoreactive, but non biologically active, peptides could interfere with RIA of gastrin, or that other factors, such as prostaglandins or antigastrin antibodies, could modify the activity of endogenous hormone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Gastrointestinal changes in mixed connective tissue disease. Apropos of a clinical case].

A case of mixed connective tissue disease is described. It began as chronic juvenile arthritis and progressed to acquire the typical features of SLE, PSS and PM. Dyspepsia and the patient's poor general condition, by focussing attention on the digestion and absorption functions, revealed the presence of the gastrointestinal alterations that often accompany SSP.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Waldenström's macroglobulinemia; observation of 13 clinical cases].

Thirteen immuno-electrophoretically diagnosed cases of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia are presented in 11 women and 2 men aged 57-60 yr. Abdominal plain (53.34%), asthenia and weariness (46.15%), anorexia (38.46%), weight loss (38.46%), intercurrent infections (38.46%), haemorrhage (30.76%), and loss of vision (30.76%) were the most frequent symptoms. One patient presented intercostal neuritis with burning pains that only responded to cortisones. Mean survival from the date of observation was between 3.5 and 14 yr.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CD3+CD8+ cell levels as predictors of transmission in human immunodeficiency virus-infected couples: a report from the heterosexual HIV transmission study.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to identify in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals immunologic markers that correlated with transmission of HIV by heterosexual contact. METHODS: In a case-control comparison of couples, immunologic and viral parameters were evaluated in 343 HIV-positive individuals who were members of 67 HIV-seroconcordant couples (both partners HIV positive) and 211 HIV serodiscordant couples (one positive, one negative). RESULTS: The most striking immunologic finding was the increased numbers of CD3+CD8+ cells found in the index member of discordant couples as compared to the index member of the concordant couples. Differences in CD3+CD8+ levels persisted after adjustment for stage of disease and CD3+CD4+ count. This increase in the number of CD3+CD8+ cells was accompanied by a concomitant decrease in the amount of viral replication measured by both HIV culture endpoint and quantitative RNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR). CONCLUSION: Data presented here further support the role of CD3+CD8+ cells in suppressing or controlling viral activity, although a causal role based on case-control data must be advanced cautiously. This in vivo biologic function may help prevent or lower the risk of HIV transmission.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Indapamide in the treatment of hypertension in non-insulin-dependent diabetes.

The antihypertensive effect of indapamide, a new thiazide derivative, has a low diuretic effect and a primary action on vascular smooth muscle. It was evaluated in a series of 20 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (age range 47-75 years) who had arterial hypertension of mild to moderate degree treated with hypoglycemic agents and/or diet. Indapamide, 2.5 mg, was given as a single daily dose for 6 months. A statistically significant reduction of systolic and diastolic pressures was observed in both supine and upright positions. This decrease was significant beginning in the first month of therapy (p less than 0.001). No significant modifications of fasting glycemia, postprandial glycemia, and glycosylated hemoglobin were noted. No significant changes were observed in serum sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, and uric acid. Indapamide is an effective and practical treatment of hypertension of mild to moderate degree in patients with diabetes. The absence of effect on glucose metabolism makes it an especially interesting drug.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Local anaesthesia with eutectic cream of lidocaine and prilocaine for treatment of cicatrizial phimosis in outpatients.

The authors report their experience in ambulatory treatment of cicatrizial phimosis in outpatients, by using local anaesthesia with eutectic cream of lidocaine and prilocaine. This preliminary study shows that preparation seems to be effective and well tolerated. To the aim of getting a good analgesic result the most important aspects are a careful application of the cream all over the concerned area and an occlusive bandage for 60-90 minutes at least.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Malignant tumours of the small intestine: a case of jejunal adenocarcinoma.

The Authors analyse the main problems concerning malignant tumours of the small intestine. They report a case of jejunal adenocarcinoma recently observed. They emphasise the importance of surgery, both diagnostic and therapeutic, even in advanced stages, for the treatment of this neoplasm.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metastasis to the breast of a renal carcinoma: a clinical case.

The breast is an unusual site for metastatic disease, and generally the lesion appears same times after the diagnosis of the primary malignancy. Authors report a case of a breast metastasis from a hypernephroma, six years after nefrectomy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Angiodysplasia of the large intestine: unusual rectal localization].

The authors report a case of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage in a 69-year-old male, in which the sequence colonoscopy-angiography identified the source of bleeding as a rare Angiodysplasia (AD) of the rectum. Such vascular abnormalities are one of the most common causes of major lower gastrointestinal tract bleeding in the elderly and usually occurs predominantly in the right side of the colon. The clinical presentation of Angiodysplasia is varied and accurate diagnosis usually requires a combination of diagnostic techniques such as colonoscopy and angiography. The optimal management is uncertain and should be individualized for each patient depending on severity and rate of rebleeding. A conservative medical approach is indicated for many patients, while endoscopic treatment does not seem modify the risk of recurrent bleeding. In case of massive hemorrhage or recurrent bleeding surgery still represents the definitive treatment for Angiodysplasia. However the risk of rebleeding following surgery is a considerable problem and varies in literature from 5% to 30%.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Indications and surgical treatment of acute complicated diverticulitis].

Although the surgical treatment of acute and complicated diverticulitis has been refined over the years, discussion is still ongoing about whether a single or two stage procedure (Hartmann's procedure) should be performed in patients with peritonitis from perforation of a colonic diverticulum. A retrospective review was completed for patients undergoing surgery for acute complicated diverticulitis from 1980 to 1997. All patients were categorized according to Hinchey classification. Of the 186 patients treated, emergency operation was performed in 52 (28 per cent; group I) and an elective operation in 134 (72 per cent; group II). All patients had a resection of the involved colon and anastomosis was performed using CEEA staplers. In the group I, 50 patients underwent resection with immediate reconstruction with or without colostomy and two an Hartmann's procedure. Among the group II, primary anastomosis with or without proximal diversion was performed in 132 patients; two patients underwent an Hartmann's procedure. Post-operative mortality was of 5.76% in the group I and 2.9% in the group II. Nine anastomotic leaks occurred in the group I and 18 in the group II. Comparing these results with the recent literature, we have concluded that primary resection is virtually always possible in acute and complicated diverticulitis. Primary anastomosis with or without colostomy, in expert hands, is a safe procedure for patients in stage I of Hinchey's classification or II, but should be considered on an individual basis in presence of peritonitis. In case of fecal peritonitis, persistent hypotension, ascites, severe immune compromise and extreme malnutrition the Hartmann procedure represent the procedure of choice.

Acute Disease↗