Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Ohlin

Publications and source records attributed to P Ohlin.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Reference values for intramuscular pressure in the lower leg in man.

Intramuscular pressures in the anterior tibial and superficial posterior compartments of the lower leg were measured by the wick catheter technique in 34 healthy individuals (17 males and 17 females, mean age 42 years). The pressures were measured at rest, during and after exercise and during venous and arterial occlusion. The pressure was 1.1 (range 0.3-3.0) kPa in the anterior tibial and 0.5 (range 0.0-2.0) kPa in the superficial posterior compartment at rest. During exercise the intramuscular pressures rose to 3.5 (range 1.0-8.0) kPa and 0.9 (range 0.1-2.8) kPa respectively. The anterior tibial compartment pressures were lower in females than in males at exercise and lower in older than in younger persons at rest. After exercise the pressures were back to the pre-exercise levels within 5 min. Venous occlusion caused an increase in the pressure which was more marked in the anterior tibial compartment than in the superficial posterior compartment. Arterial occlusion did not cause any dramatic changes in intramuscular pressures, but there was a slight elevation during the period of reactive hyperaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Intrauterine digoxin treatment of fetal paroxysmal tachycardia. Case report.

A patient with fetal paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PST) with a heart rate above 300 beats/minute in the 29th week of pregnancy is described. The fetus showed signs of severe cardiac failure and was, therefore, digitalized by giving the mother 0.5 mg digoxin intravenously on the first day and the 0.25 mg oral digoxin daily throughout the pregnancy. After one day a normal rhythm was observed. The patient was delivered of a healthy girl after 38 weeks of pregnancy. Digoxin concentrations in samples of umbilical cord vein and artery, intrapartum scalp capillary, and amniotic fluid were almost equal, but somewhat lower than in simultaneously obtained maternal serum. Intrauterine digoxin treatment of fetuses with PST is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Comparative study of the Iglesias technique and the suprapubic drainage technique for transurethral resection.

Previously we presented a method of suprapubic vesical drainage in which the irrigation fluid was continuously drained from the bladder during transurethral resection of the prostate gland. This method has now been compared to the Iglesias procedure of continuous irrigation. Twenty patients were used for the study, which measured blood loss, intravesical pressure, fluid resorption, operation time and flow of irrigation fluid through the bladder. Bladder pressure was also measured when using different anaesthetics. The results showed that the operation time was much shorter when the suprapubic technique was used. Bladder pressure during the suprapubic procedure was similar to intravenous pressure but was higheer with the Iglesias procedure.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Carbon monoxide blood levels and reported cessation of smoking.

The carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) level was estimated in patients attending an anti-smoking clinic. A surprisingly large fraction of patients that reported "no smoking" were found to have abnormally high COHb. We believe that this discrepancy is due to the patients not reporting their smoking habits correctly. This phenomenon is further evidence that smoking should be regarded as a form of drug addiction in some persons. Some early relapses in stop-smoking programs can apparently be explained by the patient's admitting previously concealed smoking. For scientific purposes the results of stop-smoking cures should be evaluated by other means than the patient's own reports.

Carbon Monoxide↗
PubMed1975

Cardiac arrhythmias, electrolytes, and digoxin concentration in plasma and urine in patients treated with digoxin.

Cardiac arrhythmias, digoxin concentration in plasma and urine, digoxin and creatine clearances, electrolytes in plasma and in erythrocytes, and subjective symptoms have been carefully studied for 5 consecutive days in 19 patients with definite or suspected digitalis intoxication. The digoxin treatment was discontinued during the observation period. Eleven controls without any signs of toxicity were similarly followed on unchanged maintenance dosage. All patients were independently classified as toxic or non-toxic from the follow-up of extended ECG recordings and subjective symptoms. In 9 definitely toxic patients a plasma digoxin concentration 3.1 plus or minus 0.7 ng/ml was found, as compared to 1.4 plus or minus 0.5 ng/ml for the 11 controls. In the suspect toxic group 1.5-3.9 ng/ml was found. The high digoxin level in the toxic group corresponds to a low digoxin clearance. In the toxic patients cardiac arrhythmias were related in most cases to a plasma digoxin level above 2.5 ng/ml and usually disappeared when the concentration had decreased below this. Suspect toxic patients, classified as probably non-toxic, and controls had with two exceptions plasma digoxin levels below 2 ng/ml. It is suggested that digitalis toxicity should be considered at a plasma digoxin concentration above 2 ng/ml. It must be stressed that this limit is not absolute and is affected by, among other things, a disturbance of intra- and extracellular electrolytes.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1975

A scintillation camera technique for quantitative estimation of separate kidney function and its use before nephrectomy.

A scintillation camera technique was used for measuring renal uptake of [131I]Hippuran 80-110 s after injection. Externally measured Hippuran uptake was markedly influenced by kidney depth, which was measured by lateral-view image after injection of [99mTc]iron ascorbic acid complex or [197Hg]chlormerodrine. When one kidney was nearer to the dorsal surface of the body than the other, it was necessary to correct the externally measured Hippuran uptake for kidney depth to obtain reliable information on the true partition of Hippuran between the two kidneys. In some patients the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured before and after nephrectomy. Measured postoperative GFR was compared with preoperatively predicted GFR, which was calculated by multiplying the preoperative Hippuran uptake of the kidney to be left in situ, as a fraction of the preoperative Hippuran uptake of both kidneys, by the measured preoperative GFR. The measured postoperative GFR was usually moderately higher than the preoperatively predicted GFR. The difference could be explained by a postoperative compensatory increase in function of the remaining kidney. Thus, the present method offers a possibility of estimating separate kidney function without arterial or ureteric catheterization.

Adult↗
PubMed1971

The flow of juice from the pancreatic gland of the cat in response to vagal stimulation.

1. Stimulation of the vagus nerve of the cat causes a pancreatic secretion in most animals. The volume of the secretion is about 20% of the maximal response of the gland to exogenous secretin.2. Maximal secretory effect of vagal stimulation is obtained with frequencies between 8 and 15 c/s.3. The effect of the nerve stimulation is direct on the pancreas and not mediated by gastro-intestinal hormones.4. The secretion of water in response to vagal stimulation is not depressed by anticholinergic agents in doses which profoundly depress the secretion of enzymes.5. The secretion of water in response to submaximal vagal stimulation is not increased by eserinization of the gland, whereas the output of proteins is strongly augmented by this procedure.6. The significance of the finding that the watery and enzymic secretion can be dissociated pharmacologically is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1970

Action of kinins on salivary myoepithelial cells.

1. Bradykinin and kallidin were injected close-arterially into the submaxillary glands of dogs and the effects on the pressure in the salivary ducts were recorded.2. Both kinins in very low dosage (threshold about 0.001 mug/kg) caused a pressure rise in the salivary duct without eliciting any salivary secretion, indicating that they produced contraction of the salivary myoepithelial cells.3. This effect was obtained even after administration of atropine, dihydroergotamine and propranolol.

Animals↗
PubMed1969

The pharmacology of salivary myoepithelial cells in dogs.

1. Pressure changes in the submaxillary and parotid ducts of dogs, induced by nerve stimulation or intravenous injection of drugs, were studied.2. Pressure rises could be elicited by parasympathetic stimulation and by acetylcholine and methacholine, even when no secretion was evoked. These effects were abolished by atropine.3. Similarly, sympathetic stimulation, adrenaline, noradrenaline and phenylephrine raised the pressure in both glands, also in the absence of secretion. Dihydroergotamine abolished these effects. Isoprenaline increased the pressure in the submaxillary duct, but only when it caused secretion. This effect was abolished by propranolol. In the parotid gland isoprenaline caused neither secretion nor pressure rise. It is concluded that the myoepithelial cells of the two glands are supplied with alpha-adrenoceptors.4. Doses of histamine, bradykinin, kallidin and physalaemin which caused no salivary secretion raised the duct pressure even when dihydroergotamine, propranolol and atropine had been given.5. Angiotensin and 5-hydroxytryptamine increased the pressure only in some experiments. Oxytocin caused very little or no pressure rise. Vasopressin had no effect of its own but reduced the pressure raising effects of nerve stimulation or drugs.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1969

Motor nerves of salivary myoepithelial cells in dogs.

1. The pressures in the ducts of the parotid and submaxillary glands were recorded in dogs under chloralose-urethane anaesthesia. A single stimulus applied to the parasympathetic nerve regularly caused a pressure rise of short duration. Usually it did not evoke secretion.2. In both glands a single stimulus applied to the vagosympathetic trunk usually caused a pressure response of short duration. It had no secretory effect.3. In the parotid gland, repetitive vagosympathetic stimulation caused a sustained increase of pressure in the duct, usually without inducing secretion.4. In the submaxillary gland, repetitive vagosympathetic stimulation caused a sustained pressure rise, even when the secretory response had been abolished by propranolol.5. It is concluded that the salivary myoepithelial cells of dogs are supplied with fibres from both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system and both can cause the cells to contract.

Animals↗