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Biomedical subjects

P O Wikström

Publications and source records attributed to P O Wikström.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

What predicts adolescent violence in better-off neighborhoods?

Predictors of repeated violent delinquency across ages 13-19 were investigated in a longitudinal sample of 420 urban adolescent males living in high- compared to low-socioeconomic status (SES) neighborhoods. Adolescents in high-SES neighborhoods were significantly less likely than their counterparts in low-SES neighborhoods to engage in serious and violent delinquency. Results indicated that risk factors for later repeated violence among adolescents in high-SES neighborhoods, such as physical aggression, may be biologically based, whereas risk factors for later violence among adolescents in low-SES neighborhoods, such as poor parent-adolescent communication and early intercourse, appeared to be context-dependent. Having positive attitudes toward problem behavior and delinquent peers increased risk for later violence regardless of neighborhood SES type. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

The interaction between impulsivity and neighborhood context on offending: the effects of impulsivity are stronger in poorer neighborhoods.

This research blends 2 traditions of theorizing on the causes of crime, one focused on the role of individual differences and the other focused on structural and contextual variables. Two related studies examined the relations among impulsivity, neighborhood context, and juvenile offending. The first, cross-sectional study uses a large sample of 13-year-old inner-city boys, whereas the second, longitudinal study offers a conceptual replication using 17-year-old inner-city boys who are a subset of the original sample. Across both studies, results indicate that the effects of impulsivity on juvenile offending are stronger in poorer neighborhoods. Furthermore, nonimpulsive boys in poor neighborhoods were at no greater risk for delinquency than nonimpulsive boys in better-off neighborhoods.

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1984

The use of acupuncture as an alternative dental analgesic in an individual with multiple allergies.

Reports of the use of acupuncture in the extraction of teeth date back to 1958. There have been many conflicting findings relating to the efficacy of dental acupuncture with few effective controlled studies evaluating these claims. It is clear however that acupuncture analgesia which is adequate for dental extractions may be produced in some individuals. Patients with atopic diseases have in common an inherited predisposition to develop hypersensitivity to allergens in the environment which are harmless to most people. Atopic diseases include common human allergic disorders such as hayfever, asthma, eczema, urticaria, gastro-intestinal food reactions as well as rarer conditions. It has been reported that acupuncture may be of advantage in such individuals who may be hypersensitive to routine methods of producing analgesia. A case is described of the use of acupuncture analgesia in an atopic individual who was being managed by the department of oral surgery, Danderyds Hospital. Two lower molar teeth were successfully surgically extracted. The case is described in detail and recommendations are made for further research and clinical use of acupuncture analgesia.

Acupuncture Therapy↗