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Biomedical subjects

P Nikki

Publications and source records attributed to P Nikki.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Brain cyclic-AMP and possible mechanisms of cerebrovascular dilation by anesthetics in rats.

Barbiturates decrease both cerebral metabolic rate (CMR) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) and thereby preserve CBF and CMR coupling. However, many inhalation agents and ketamine uncouple CBF and CMR by virtue of inducing disproportionate increases in CBF. Adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic-AMP) reportedly mediates uterine and aortic smooth muscle relaxation by halothane and may also mediate CBF-CMR uncoupling by anesthetics. Therefore, the authors studied the effect of various doses of halothane and ether on brain cyclic-AMP and compared them with the effects of ketamine and pentobarbital anesthesia. Both halothane 1.5 and 2.0 per cent and ether, 2.5 to 7.5 per cent (inspired concentrations) increased whole brain cyclic-AMP above unanesthetized levels (1,046 +/- 75 pmol/g wet brain) in a dose-related manner. Ketamine, 150 mg/kg, ip, increased brain cyclic-AMP twofold, whereas an apparent increase by 60 mg/kg pentobarbital, ip, was not significant. These results show a dose-related effect of ether and halothane on brain cyclic-AMP levels and suggest a causal relationship to their cerebrovasodilatory effects.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1981

Resection of the pancreas for acute fulminant pancreatitis.

The records of 30 consecutive patients treated by pancreatic resection for acute hemorrhagic or necrotizing pancreatitis from 1974 to 1978 were reviewed. Formal subtotal or near to total resection of the pancreas was undertaken whenever vigorous nonoperative therapeutic measures did not bring rapid improvement of the condition of the patient. The rationale was that removal of the diseased pancreatic tissue would prohibit the progress of inflammation and abolish the development of complications directly associated to the inflammatory process itself. There was no intraoperative mortality, but 11 patients died after the operation. Of the 19 survivors, eight had an uncomplicated postoperative course, whereas 11 patients recovered only after severe complications, usually requiring multiple reoperations. Among the most important complications were intra-abdominal sepsis, septicemia, upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding, respiratory insufficiency, renal insufficiency and perforations of the gastrointestinal tract. After a follow-up period of one to five years, five patients have remained completely free of symptoms. In 12 patients, diabetes has developed, and four patients had recurrent mild attacks of pancreatitis. All but two patients have resumed their previous work or other activities of living.

Acute Disease↗