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Biomedical subjects

P Nigam

Publications and source records attributed to P Nigam.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Leprosy--a clinico-epidemiological study in a rural population of Bundelkhand.

The present study was carried out in the three villages viz. Kochha Bhanwar, Kargawan and Pichhore, situated within 3 kms radius from M.L.B. Medical College, Jhansi, U.P. About 91 per cent (91.17%) of population was surveyed. Out of the 3,362 individuals studied, 18 cases of leprosy could be detected giving a prevalence rate of 5.41/1000 population. No association between the size of village and prevalence of leprosy cases was observed. The highest prevalence rate (7.40/1000) was seen in age group 15-49 years with male to female ratio of 2.6: 1. The disease was not prevalent in preschool age-group. Poor class of people contributed comparatively to a greater extent (6.37/1000). Size of the family did also not seem to be associated with the prevalence of disease. More than one case of leprosy in a family was observed in 30.7 per cent of the families. Early cases of leprosy remained acceptable in rural society whereas advanced cases were not acceptable. The disease seemed to manifest at all ages except pre-school age group. Majority of the cases (55.56%) were of early stage with a duration of the disease of less than 2 years. Possibilities to arrest the disease by early diagnosis, and prompt and proper treatment have been emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Reaction in leprosy complicated by filariasis.

Five cases of reaction in leprosy with filariasis have been presented to emphasise the coexistance of the two conditions in the areas endemic to filariasis and leprosy. One may modify the clinical features of the other. Necessity of recognising filariasis as an important precipitating factor for lepra reaction in tropical countries has been highlighted for proper management of rather protracted and resistant cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetic polymorphisms in GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, GSTM3 and the susceptibility to gallbladder cancer in North India.

The glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) are polymorphic supergene family of detoxification enzymes that are involved in the metabolism of numerous potential carcinogens. Several allelic variants of polymorphic GSTs show impaired enzyme activity and are suspected to increase the susceptibility to various cancers. To find out the association of GST variants with risk of gallbladder cancer, the distribution of polymorphisms in the GST family of genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTM3) were studied in 106 cancer patients and 201 healthy controls. Genotypes were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The frequencies of GSTM1 null and GSTM3*BB genotypes did not differ between patients and controls. The overall frequency of GSTT1 null was lower in cases as compared with controls (p=0.003, Odds ratio (OR) = 0.2, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.1-0.6). After sex stratification, the GSTT1 null frequency was reduced only in female patients (p=0.008, OR = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.1-0.6). However, the GSTP1, ile/val genotype and the val allele were significantly higher in cases than controls (p=0.013, OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.1-3.1; p=0.027, OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0-2.1), respectively. To study gene-gene interactions, a combined risk of gallbladder cancer due to ile/val or val/val were calculated in combination with null alleles of GSTM1 and GSTT1 or the *B allele of GSTM3, but there was no enhancement of risk. Gallstones were present in 57.5% of patients with gallbladder cancer, but there were no significant differences between allelic/genotype frequencies of the studied GST genes polymorphisms between patients with or without gallstones. To best of our knowledge, this is the first paper showing ile/val genotypes and val allele of GSTP1 to be associated with higher risk of gallbladder cancer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rapidly progressive (crescentric) glomerulonephritis in erythema nodosum leprosum: case report.

A middle aged man (48 years) with short duration of illness (7 days) was admitted in the state of acute renal failure with erythema nodosum leprosum. He had repeated episodes of erythema nodosum leprosum in the past. His blood pressure was normal (150/80 mmHg). During his hospital stay he was in the state of progressive anaemia (Hb = 8.8 g/dl to 7.2 g/dl), oliguria (urine out-put = 250-350 ml/day), azotaemia (blood urea = 198 mg/dl to 218 mg/dl) and impaired renal function tests with fatal outcome. Kidneys were smooth, congested and weighing 150 g each with histological features of rapidly progressive (crescentric) glomerulonephritis, a result of immune complex deposition from recurrent erythema nodosum leprosum episodes.

Acute Disease↗