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Biomedical subjects

P Nelson

Publications and source records attributed to P Nelson.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Renal metastases of malignant gestational trophoblastic disease: the use of intravenous urography in staging.

Intravenous urography (IVU) was performed in 289 patients at the time of diagnosis of malignant gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). Ninety-five percent of these studies were normal, and none of the urologic abnormalities detected provoked alteration of the patients' tumor-related therapy. In the detection of renal metastases, false-positive and false-negative intravenous urograms were encountered. It is concluded that IVU lacks sufficient sensitivity and specificity in the detection of renal metastatic GTD; alternate screening methods are recommended.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in children.

The clinical courses in 10 pediatric patients undergoing CAPD for 15.0 +/- 2.8 months and subsequently CCPD for 9.3 +/- 3.2 months were evaluated. During CAPD patients received four or five daily exchanges, and during CCPD five 2-hour nocturnal cycles over 10 hours plus a diurnal dwell. The only significant biochemical difference during CAPD compared with CCPD was the serum creatinine concentration (9.7 +/- 1.0 mg/dl vs 10.8 +/- 0.9 mg/dl, P less than 0.01). The peritonitis rate was one episode every 10.7 patient months during CAPD, compared with one episode every 8.5 patient months during CCPD. There were 21 episodes of exit site infection during CAPD versus 17 during CCPD. Mechanical complications included five ventral hernias in three patients and six peritoneal leaks in three patients during CAPD; two patients had two hernias and two patients had two peritoneal leaks during CCPD. Our results indicate adequate control of the biochemical abnormalities of uremia with CCPD, with the exception of the serum creatinine concentration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Enzyme activities contributing to hypoxanthine production in Ureaplasma.

Several isozymes have been evaluated by other investigators to help characterize both mycoplasmas and acholeplasmas. We have investigated a number of enzymes contributing to hypoxanthine production in Ureaplasma urealyticum, as part of an ongoing effort to identify a comparative profile of isozyme activities in this species. Cells from large volume cultures were collected by centrifugation and lysed by both freeze-thawing and sonication in hypotonic buffer with Triton X-100. Lysate was clarified by centrifugation. Proteins in the cell lysate were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, incorporating Triton X-100 in the gel and electrode buffer. Gels were stained to indicate sites of hypoxanthine production from AMP, adenosine, inosine, or adenine, in either phosphate or Tris buffer. The results suggest that adenine deaminase, inosine nucleosidase, and adenosine phosphorylase activities are present in the cell lysate, while adenosine nucleosidase and adenosine deaminase activities are absent. Inosine phosphorylase, AMP nucleosidase and/or 5'-nucleotidase activities may also be present. With the formation of hypoxanthine, the possibility for a salvage pathway exists.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMed1984

Objective refraction: comparison of retinoscopy and automated techniques.

The Canon Autoref R-1 and Dioptron II automated objective refractors and static distance retinoscopy were performed in a clinical setting on 75 subjects. Each technique was performed by a different examiner and the findings were compared by statistical analysis. The results were comparable with all three techniques. These data are discussed in light of their clinical significance.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1983

Nutritional status of children undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Nutritional status was assessed in 24 clinically stable children, aged 9.68 +/- 4.31 (SD) yr, who underwent CAPD for 6.6 +/- 4.4 months. Energy intake tended to be more suppressed than protein intake. Several nutritional parameters were more abnormal in children less than 10 yr old as compared to children 10 yr of age or older. In comparison to normals of the same chronological age and sex, both groups of patients displayed reduced height, weight, midarm, and midarm muscle circumference, and, in the younger children, triceps skinfold; height retardation was particularly severe. Compared to height/age, anthropometry was not reduced in older children while triceps skinfold and midarm circumference were decreased in children younger than 10 yr. In both groups, serum total protein, albumin, transferrin, and many plasma amino acids were decreased, and serum triglycerides and cholesterol were elevated. Serum total protein decreased during treatment with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. These observations suggest decreased stature and poor nutritional status in children undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Low protein and energy intake and dialysate protein losses may contribute to these abnormalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Early intrauterine pregnancy or decidual cast: an anatomic--sonographic approach.

In order to differentiate an early intrauterine gestation from an ectopic pregnancy with decidual cast, demonstration of the uterine cavity as a structure distinct from the gestational sac is suggested. Anatomically, normal implantation occurs separately from the endometrial canal, whereas decidual casts form within the canal. Using real-time sonography, physician observers were able to demonstrate two separate structures in 79 per cent of normal pregnancies of eight weeks' gestation or less when a special effort was made; routine longitudinal and transverse static and real-time scans were less helpful.

Decidua↗
PubMed1982

Parent and child causal attributions during clinical interviews.

Attributions made by children and their parents for the cause of the child's clinical problem were monitored during assessment interviews. Results support previously observed differences obtained through questionnaires, with parents making more attributions than their children to characteristics of the child. This pattern was affected by variations in interview format. Parents and children differed in the locus of their attributions when interviewed individually, but these differences were not present when families were interviewed with both parents and children present. Implications for the methodology of attribution research with child-clinical populations are highlighted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Prevalence and treatment of learning problems in upper and lower income areas.

In a telephone survey, a lower incidence of learning problems, help received, and perceived effectiveness was reported in lower income areas. More upper income respondents reported receiving formal diagnoses and treatment. Possible discrepancies between official and resident reports of learning problems, the apparent need for additional services by both income groups, and the likelihood that residents are overestimating effectiveness and prognosis are discussed.

California↗
PubMed1981

Mean airway pressure--significance during mechanical ventilation in neonates.

Variations in PEEP with concomitant changes of DPP while MAP, PIP, flow, FIO2, and ventilator rate remained constant were investigated in nine neonates with RDS during the first and second days of life. After stabilization on baseline ventilator settings, PEEP was increased by 3 cm of H2O and DPP decreased in order to maintain balance MAP. Following a return to baseline settings, the PEEP was decreased by 3 cm of H2O and DPP increased sufficiently to maintain constant MAP. Arterial PaO2, PaCO2, pH, blood pressure, heart rate and a/APO2 ratios were measured before, during, between, and after the experimental conditions. Analysis revealed no significant changes in PaO2, a/APO2, blood pressure, or heart rate during baseline or experimental conditions. PaCO2 decreased significantly when PEEP was decreased and DPP increased, both on day 1 (37.2 +/- 2.4 vs 41.4 +/- 2.3 torr; P less than 0.025) and day 2 (42.1 +/- 2.6 vs 46.8 +/- 2.0 torr; P less than 0.05). Changes in pH were inversely related to PaCO2 changes. This study confirms the importance of MAP in determining oxygenation in newborn infants with RDS. However, ventilation was significantly affected by variation in PEEP and DPP despite a constant MAP.

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMed1980

[Justification of a model of regulation of agonist-antagonist hormone pairs].

An attempt is made to justify the model of the regulation of agonistic-antagonistic hormonal couples (in the field of the adrenal-postpituitary interrelationships). A method of synthesis for these equations is proposed. Cancerous pathology of this regulation could be due to a disturbance in the secretion or in the catabolism of vasopressin.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗