Biomedical subjects

P N DeLand

Publications and source records attributed to P N DeLand.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Binocular accommodative facility testing reliability.

This study evaluated the reliability of the 1-min binocular accommodative facility test by extending the testing period for 2 additional minutes. Subjects, ages 8 to 12 years, were tested for an initial 1-min period, to identify 2 groups, high fail (greater than 3, but less than 8 cpm, N = 30) and low fail (less than 3 cpm, N = 30), and then tested for an additional 2 min. The low fail group had greater test-retest reliability in both minutes 2 and 3. Both groups improved (high fails mean = 0.93 cpm, low fails mean = 0.37 cpm), but no clear statistical difference was found between groups. When diagnostic classification was monitored over the 3 min, 40% of high fails passed, whereas no low fails passed. The 1-min testing method appears reliable if the initial rate is less than 3 cpm. For patients whose initial rate is between 3 and 8 cpm, extended testing (1 to 2 additional minutes) may be needed to arrive at an accurate diagnosis, especially if presenting symptoms are absent.

Accommodation, Ocular↗

PubMed1987

Study of accommodative facility testing reliability.

This study was designed to evaluate the reliability of the accommodative facility testing procedure. Sixty-six subjects, ages 8 to 12 years, were studied over 3 consecutive weeks. Monocular and binocular accommodative facility, using plus and minus 2 D lenses, was performed each week. Statistical analysis showed a significant mean increase in cycles per minute (cpm) between initial and subsequent testing periods, both monocular and binocular, for all subjects as a group. The most dramatic increases were observed among subjects who scored below established norms initially. To evaluate the effect of test-retest variability on the subject's pass/fail status the first test period results were used to categorize the subjects as pass or fail. Passing was greater than or equal to 11 cpm monocularly, greater than or equal to 8 cpm binocularly. Failing was less than 1, cpm monocularly, less than 8 cpm binocularly. Subsequent test results were compared to the initial testing results to determine the pass/fail reliability of the testing procedure. No significant differences were found to occur in either the monocular or binocular "pass" category. However, a significant increase in the passing rate from the initial to the subsequent testing periods for both the monocular and binocular facility rates was observed in the "fail" category. Dividing the fail group into "low-fails" (less than 6 cpm monocularly, less than 3 cpm binocularly) and "high-fails" (greater than 6 less than 11 cpm monocularly, greater than 3 less than 8 cpm binocularly) indicated this significant increase was principally in the high-fail group.

Accommodation, Ocular↗

PubMed1987

Comparative study of the Jordan left-right reversal test, the reversals frequency test, and teachers' observations.

The intertest pass/fail reliability of the Jordan left-right reversal test (JRT) and reversals frequency test (RFT) was compared on 510 "regular classroom" and 126 "learning handicapped" children. Children were divided into two age groups, 5 to 8 years and 9 to 13 years. Teachers completed a questionnaire assessing whether they felt a reversal problem existed. Statistical analysis showed low to moderate agreement between the pass/fail rate of the two tests (p less than 0.001) for both age groups of normal children; however, no statistical agreement was found for either age group of learning handicapped children. There was only very low agreement between the teacher's assessment of reversals and the pass/fail rates for both age groups of normals and the 9- to 13-year-old learning handicapped group. No agreement was found for the 5- to 8-year-old learning handicapped group. The effect of test design and recommendations for the clinical investigation of reversals are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Reliability study of the Pierce and King-Devick saccade tests.

Two simple clinical tests which are currently being used to assess saccadic eye movements are the Pierce and King-Devick saccade tests. Although normative data have been established for both tests, little has been reported in regards to the tests' reliability. Thirty elementary schoolchildren (group I) were screened for visual abnormalities and then presented the two saccade tests in random order. These children were retested 2 weeks later by a different group of testers. A second group of 33 children (group II) who also passed the screening for visual abnormalities was administered the two saccade tests. This group was tested by the original testers who also tested the children in group I initially. Comparing initial and retest scores of group I showed poor reliability for both Pierce and King-Devick saccade tests. Thus there is some question as to the tests' clinical usefulness in both evaluating eye movements and monitoring progress of patients undergoing oculomotor therapy. Scores obtained from the initial testing of group I were compared with scores from group II. The same testers administered the tests for both groups. Results showed that tester behavior influenced the retest results of the Pierce saccade test, but results were inconclusive for the King-Devick saccade test.

Child↗