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Biomedical subjects

P Mráz

Publications and source records attributed to P Mráz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Protection of the rat liver against rewarming ischemic injury by University of Wisconsin solution.

BACKGROUND/AIM: University of Wisconsin (UW) solution has been proven able to prevent liver injury during cold ischemia. During rewarming ischemia, however, the efficacy of this solution in preserving hepatocyte function is unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate to what extent UW solution protects rat liver during rewarming ischemia. METHODS: Livers were washed out with cool physiologic saline or with UW solution and subjected to rewarming ischemia for periods of 20 min or 45 min followed by reperfusion using a blood-free perfusion model. RESULTS: In comparison with controls, ischemia for 20 min in saline-treated livers led to mild depression of hepatocyte function, while UW solution afforded complete protection of the liver. In UW-treated livers, compared with saline-treated livers exposed to ischemia for 45 min, portal flow was slightly but significantly higher, bile production was increased by 62%, and lactate dehydrogenase leakage into the perfusate was reduced by 61%. In an attempt to explain mechanisms of liver protection by UW solution, we found that UW solution inhibited conversion of hypoxanthine into uric acid, but this effect was not associated with decreased degradation of adenine nucleotides in the liver during ischemia. Following 30 min reperfusion, UW solution increased tissue levels of adenosine triphosphate (not significantly) and adenosine diphosphate (significantly). Further, UW solution markedly reduced tumor necrosis factor-alpha release by the liver both after ischemia and after reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS: These results create the hypothesis that UW solution may protect liver tissue during ischemia in liver surgery as well as during the implantation stage of liver transplantation.

Adenosine↗
PubMed2000

Co-expression of GFAP, vimentin and cytokeratins in GL-15 glioblastoma cell line.

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin (Vi) and cytokeratin (CK) intermediate filament (IF) proteins were studied in glioblastoma cell line GL-15. The immunofluorescence staining revealed strong positive staining for vimentin in all cultured cells. Approximately 20% of analyzed cells showed strong and 50% moderate intensity of staining for GFAP. About 3% of all cells were positively stained with a mixture of anti-CK monoclonal antibodies. The expression of all IF was not in relation to the cell density or days in vitro after passage. The double immunofluoresce revealed that all CK-positive cells express GFAP and vimentin. This study demonstrates the heterogeneity of the clonal GL-15 glioma cell line which consists in three immunocytochemically distinct cell types: Vi+/GFAP-/CK-, Vi+/GFAP+/CK-, and Vi+/GFAP+/CK+. These findings give further evidence about the expression of non-glial IF in cultured glioma cells.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1999

[Quo vadis the azygo-portal disconnection].

Based on experience at their department since 1983 the authors analyze the position of the azygoportal disconnection in the treatment of complications of portal hypertension. During the observation period the number of operations declined due to extensive use of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment. However the azygoportal disconnection still remains part of surgical intervention in indicated cases, in particular in secondary hypersplenism and profuse haemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Laparostomy in the treatment of severe intra-abdominal infections].

The objective of the work was to evaluate the results of comprehensive treatment of protracted primary and secondary intraabdominal infection. Retrospective analysis of a group of patients in 1994-1998 using laparostomy, peritoneal lavage, thorough repeated cleansing of the peritoneal cavity, microbiological monitoring with subsequent aimed antibiosis and comprehensive intensive care provide evidence of the rescue of almost 40% liminally curable patients. The results justify the use of comprehensive therapeutic procedures in late stages of serious peritonitis.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1999

Detection of ischemic changes in the cytoplasm of neurocytes from rat brain and spinal cord by densitometric measurement of methylene blue binding.

Ischemic changes in neurocytes from brain and spinal cord of rats were studied by densitometric measurement of bound basic stain--methylene blue. Statistically significant differences in integrated optical density (I.O.D.) of cytoplasm near to cell nucleus in brain and spinal cord neurocytes were detected after ischemia. After 10 minutes of ischemia, the average values of I.O.D. decreased to 65% and to 69.9% of I.O.D. values of controls. After 2 hours of ischemia, the average values of I.O.D. in brain cell cytoplasm reached only 43.6% and in the spinal cord cells they fell to 54.5% of control values.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Heterogeneity of keratin intermediate filaments expression in human glioma cell lines.

Keratin intermediate filaments (Ifs) are specific for epithelial cell differentiation. This study demonstrates the presence of keratin in two recently established human glioblastoma cell lines 8-MG-BA and 42-MG-BA. Immunofluorescence staining was performed on cells within passage 230 to 235 using monoclonal pan-cytokeratin antibodies. The cells were analyzed during several DIV at different cell density. Keratin-positive stained cells reached 5 to 7% in 8-MG-BA and less than 0.1% in 42-MG-BA cell line. The presence of keratin-positive cells was independent on cell density and days in vitro. Keratin-positive cells appeared unevenly distributed in both cell lines. They were observed as single or areas of keratin-positive cells. The morphological features of keratin-positive and keratin-negative cells were similar. The results are discussed with respect to previous studies on glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin to show the heterogeneity of IFs expression in glioma cell lines.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1999

[Methods of hemostasis in upper digestive tract hemorrhage].

The authors describe methods of haemostasis used nowadays in haemorrhage from the upper digestive tract. Based on evaluation of their own group of 91 patients with haemorrhage of this type they found that 13.2% of the patients with haemorrhage required surgery, when the haemorrhage was localized, 16.4%. Comprehensive treatment and endoscopic methods of haemostasis predominate while surgical treatment is used when non-surgical methods fail. The results are in favour of revision of the surgeon's position in the treatment of patients with haemorrhage from the GI tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Characterization of two new permanent glioma cell lines 8-MG-BA and 42-MG-BA.

The establishment and characterization of two permanent glioma cell lines (8-MG-BA and 42-MG-BA) are described. Both cell lines were derived from the human glioblastoma multiforme. Analyzed cells were within the passage 200 to 220. The cells in both cultures showed similar morphology. In majority they consisted from flat polygonal cells. Growth kinetic studies demonstrated a population doubling time of 20 to 24 h in cell line 8-MG-BA and 48 to 54 h in cell line 42-MG-BA. The cell lines showed different hyperdiploid karyotypes. The immunofluorescence staining was performed for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin. In the culture 8-MG-BA only a small amount of cells showed the GFAP-positive staining. At confluent 42-MG-BA culture the GFAP-positive cells reached 50 to 70% of all cells. Vimentin was found in all glioma cells in both cultures.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1998

[Surgery of recurrent inguinal hernia using the Lichtenstein technique].

The authors evaluated a group of patients operated in 1993-1996 on account of relapsing inguinal hernia by Lichtenstein's technique. During an average follow-up period of 24 months 28% of the patients had another relapse of inguinal hernia. Because of the poor results the authors changed in January 1997 the surgical tactics in relapsing inguinal hernias. They operate by Nyhus preperitoneal approach and by laparoscopy transabdominally, placing a net in a preperitoneal position (TAPP) with subsequent follow-up of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Both iso- and hyperosmotic ethanol stimulate release of hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone despite opposite effect on neuron volume.

Previous studies have indicated that isosmolar, but not hyperosmolar, ethanol induces in vitro gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion from the basal hypothalamus, presumably by causing cell swelling. Moreover, ethanol reduces secretion of another hypothalamic neuropeptide vasopressin. We have studied the acute effect of ethanol on specific hypophysiotropic basal and K+-stimulated thyrotropin-releasing hormone secretion in vitro especially in relation to cell swelling. Isosmotic 40-160 mM ethanol increased thyrotropin-releasing hormone release from the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and median eminence in a dose-dependent manner. Both a 30% decrease of osmolarity and isosmotic 80 mM ethanol induced 12% swelling of hypothalamic neurons. Hyperosmotic 80 mM or 160 mM ethanol induced release of thyrotropin-releasing hormone from both hypothalamic structures but did not cause cell swelling (80 mM) or even induced cell shrinkage (160 mM). Depletion of medium Ca2+ did not affect thyrotropin-releasing hormone secretion caused by either isosmotic or hyperosmotic ethanol. Our data indicate that both iso- and hyperosmotic ethanol stimulated release of hypophysiotropic thyrotropin-releasing hormone despite opposite effects on neuron volume. The mechanism of ethanol action appears complex and variable depending on the type of cell and neuropeptide affected.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Morphometric analysis of the spleen].

Present possibilities of morphometric analysis of the spleen have been studied. We have compared possibilities provided by stereological calculation and by computer image analysators a) Telemet II (Tesla, Piestany) and b) CUE-2 GALAI (Israel). In both latter cases equidensitometric evaluation and image processing methods were used. Stereological calculations are not technically demanding but time consuming. Computer image processing on the base of equidensitometric measurements is more effective that stereological calculations. The difference between used equipments is based on access to appropriate microscopic and computer technique and software equipment.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1995

[Procedure for multiorgan procurement (heart, liver, kidneys)].

A significant growth in transplantation activity has been recorded in the past decade, namely in transplantations of the heart and liver. The numbers of transplantations of the lungs, and of the combination of pancreas with kidneys have increased to a smaller extent. The number of transplanted kidneys has become stabilized during the past several years. The development of organ transplantations led to a change of conception in the procurement of cadaveric organs from the until now performed procurement of a single organ to multiorgan procurements where in addition to the kidneys at least one other organ is procured. In countries with the highest number of multiorgan procurements the latter form as many as 80% of the total number of cadaveric procurements. Since January 1, 1995 a principle has been officially recognized in the Slovak Republic where an agreement with organ donation is presumed. Procurements of organs do not take place in cases when the donors have made during their lives a written or any other kind of declaration disapproving any intervention into their corporal integrity. Organs are also not procured in cases of foreigners, persons under legal sentence and those whose identities cannot be proved. The authors describe the technique of multiorgan procurement (heart, liver, kidneys) as well as contraindications to procurements of individual organs. (Fig. 2, Tab. 1, Ref. 12.).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Vaginal leukocyte characteristics in urogenital trichomoniasis.

Morphological and functional characteristics of vaginal exudate leukocytes were examined in 47 patients with urogenital trichomoniasis. Electron microscopic morphology, viability, phagocytosis of Candida albicans blastospores and ability to undergo respiratory burst in the iodonitrotetrazolium reductase test were evaluated in these cells. Vaginal inflammatory leukocytes were almost exclusively polymorphonuclear neutrophils, and their concentration was positively correlated (r = 0.58; p less than 0.001) with the number of trichomonads in the exudate. Median leukocyte viability reached 39% and both phagocytic and tetrazolium reductase activities of these cells were significantly reduced in comparison with those of circulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Patients with a clinical picture of severe mucosal inflammation had significantly higher vaginal exudate leukocyte concentrations and viability than those without inflammatory signs. The possible role of vaginal leukocytes in the pathogenesis of urogenital trichomoniasis is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Implantation of ganglionic cells into peripheral nerves].

The author tried to implant live ganglion cells into a peripheral nerve. They implanted in an experiment 6-8 spinal ganglia of 5-6-day-old rats into the distal part of the n. ischiadicus of an operated full grown rat. Part of the cells of implanted spinal ganglia was unaltered and in their vicinity were numerous groups of non-myelinized axons, probably regenerated processes of these cells. In the perikarya of neurons these were structures of the apparatus of Golgi and granulated endoplasmatic reticula. The mitochondria were in some perikarya large oval, dilated with impaired cristae mitochondriales. These cells were more numerous 42 days after implantation.

Animals↗