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Biomedical subjects

P Morin

Publications and source records attributed to P Morin.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Idiopathic avascular necrosis of the scaphoid: Preiser's disease?

Although avascular necrosis after fracture of the scaphoid is common, it rarely develops without apparent trauma. Preiser's disease is commonly associated with avascular necrosis of the scaphoid without fracture or trauma. A critical review of Preiser's original article reveals that all of his cases, as well as three of seven additional cases in the literature, were associated with fracture or trauma. Preiser's disease, therefore, should be traumatic avascular necrosis and differentiated from truly nontraumatic avascular necrosis. Five additional cases in four patients with nontraumatic avascular necrosis of the scaphoid are presented.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Neurologic forms of Lyme disease. 12 cases].

Twelve cases of Lyme's disease with neurological complications are reported. Seven patients had meningoradiculitis of the Garin-Bujadoux-Bannwarth type, with facial palsy in 2 cases. In 1 case the radiculitis involved only the cauda equina. Two more patients had meningomyelitis. Of the remaining 3, 1 had subacute inflammatory polyneuritis with albumino-cytologic dissociation, 1 had probable dorsal epiduritis, and the last one developed parkinsonism and communicating hydrocephalus after an otherwise classical meningoradiculitis. Three patients recalled a tick bite but only one a cutaneous eruption. No arthritis or cardiac involvement were observed. In 2 cases the CSF contained pseudo-neoplastic cells. Severe pain was a prominent feature in most cases. Pain consistently and rapidly improved on high-dose intravenous penicillin, while other signs or symptoms (e.g. paresthesias or fatigue) often lasted several months. Parkinsonism and hydrocephalus were not influenced by penicillin, and both required specific therapy. Isolated neurological (both central and peripheral) involvement is not unusual in Lyme's disease and may give rise to a wide range of signs and symptoms. This diagnosis is to be considered even when other features of Borrelia burgdorferi infection are lacking.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Evidence for bidirectional transverse diffusion of spin-labeled phospholipids in the plasma membrane of guinea pig blood cells.

The distribution and transverse diffusion kinetics of four spin-labeled phospholipid analogues (two with choline heads: phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM); two with amino heads: phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were studied in the plasma membrane of guinea pig blood cells: erythrocytes, reticulocytes, and leukemic lymphocytes. Nitroxide reduction by the internal content of the cells was used as an indicator to determine the phospholipids that penetrated the cells. The reduction rates were in the order, PS greater than PE greater than PC greater than SM in all cells. Reoxidation of phospholipids extracted by serum albumin revealed the distribution of the phospholipids at a given time. In all cells, the distribution equilibrium was reached in less than 2 h and the amounts left in the external leaflet were in the following proportional order: PS less than PE less than PC less than SM. In the erythrocytes and especially in the reticulocytes, the shape change induced by adding phospholipids relaxed partially or completely at a lower speed but kept the same proportional order as at equilibrium. All the results were analyzed quantitatively with a simple kinetic model including the rates of transverse diffusion (flip and flop), the exchange between plasma membrane and internal membranes, and the reduction rate of free radicals (determined in either the internal or external membrane leaflet). The calculated rate constants of transverse diffusion varied from 2 x 10(-3) to 1.2 x 10(-1) min-1 for the flip and from 4 x 10(-3) to 1.2 x 10(-1) for the flop, depending on the polar head and the cell type. Possible interpretations of the external phospholipid reduction mechanism and cell deformation are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Interactions between a paramagnetic analogue of cholesterol and filipin.

A paramagnetic analogue of cholesterol (called 25-doxyl-27-norcholesterol (CNO)), labeled near the w-end of the hydrophobic tail, was used to study interactions of cholesterol with filipin. We observed by electron microscopy that CNO- and cholesterol-filipin complexes are structurally equivalent. Two kinds of complexes were seen by ESR spectroscopy and electron microscopy, depending on the stoichiometric R ratio between the antibiotic and sterol. When R was high, an immobilized ESR spectrum appeared, showing strong imbrication between CNO and filipin. When R was nearer to unity, an exchange-broadened spectrum emerged, corresponding to a new phase that was very rich in CNO (a fast exchange between spins could occur by nearest contacts). CNO was easily displaced from its complex (i) by gradual addition of genuine cholesterol; and (ii) by an excess of phospholipids, owing to the very poor affinity of CNO (and cholesterol, by extension) for filipin in the lipidic phase. Almost no difference appeared between the ESR spectra of oriented samples, i.e. the probe showed no long-range order in any complex of CNO with filipin.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of muscular lesions in connective tissue diseases: thallium 201 muscular scans.

We performed thallium 201 muscle scans to assess muscular involvement in 40 patients with different connective tissue diseases (7 with dermatomyositis, 7 with systemic lupus erythematosus, 12 with progressive systemic scleroderma, 2 with calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal involvement, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia (CREST) syndrome, 3 with monomelic scleroderma, 6 with morphea, and 3 with Raynaud's disease). Only 12 of these patients complained of fatigability and/or myalgia. Electromyography was performed and serum levels of muscle enzymes were measured in all patients. Comparison of thallium 201 exercise recording with the other tests revealed that scan sensitivity is greater than electromyographic and serum muscle enzymes levels. Thallium 201 scans showed abnormal findings in 32 patients and revealed subclinical lesions in 18 patients, while electromyography findings were abnormal in 25 of these 32 patients. Serum enzyme levels were raised in only 8 patients. Thallium 201 scanning proved to be a useful guide for modifying therapy when laboratory data were conflicting. It was useful to evaluate treatment efficacy. Because our data indicate a 100% positive predictive value, we believe that thallium 201 scanning should be advised for severe systemic connective tissue diseases with discordant test results.

Connective Tissue Diseases↗
PubMed1988

[The social role of municipalities in mental health policy.].

In recent years, there has been an increasing number of cases of intolerance and rejection on the part of communities in which attempts have been made to establish housing for the mentally ill. This illustrates to what extent strategies promoting local involvement are absent and were never designed to coincide with deinstitutionalization. The result is that zoning has become an instrument of discrimination despite declarations to the contrary made by government. As a result, municipalities must become involved in the process of attitudinal change. On the same note, mental health workers must get involved politically in order to reduce the emphasis placed on utilitarian and individualistic approaches.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1988

[Crying provoked by sound stimuli in a case of probable dementia of Alzheimer's type].

A case of pathological crying elicited only by non-verbal auditory stimulations in a woman with probable dementia of the Alzheimer type is reported. As neuropsychological data available in this case have suggested a greater involvement of left than right temporal cortex, the authors propose that the crying phenomenon could have been explained by a similar inter-hemispheric asymmetry in pathological involvement of the limbic structures.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1987

A new paramagnetic analogue of cholesterol as a tool for studying molecular interactions of genuine cholesterol.

The synthesis of a new paramagnetic (nitroxide) analogue of cholesterol is described. This compound (called CNO) contains a doxyl group in the lateral chain at position 25. Our results show that CNO retains three molecular interactions which characterize authentic cholesterol: It assumes an orientation perpendicular to the phospholipid bilayer with the doxyl group buried in the membrane core, as seen by ESR spectroscopy. It widens the transition temperature of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine, to the same extent as cholesterol, as measured by Raman and ESR spectroscopies. It interacts with polyene antibiotics, such as amphotericin B and filipin, in the same manner as its model. This was proved on the one hand by the change in fluorescence of self quenched vesicle-entrapped calcein, after dilution in the external medium, provoked by filipin, and on the other hand by fluorescence quenching provoked by cobalt ions entering the vesicles under the influence of amphotericin B. We concluded that CNO, although it has a side chain different from genuine cholesterol, can help to solve many physiologically meaningful questions related to the distribution and movement rate of cholesterol itself.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1987

[Peripheral neuropathy in severe mixed cryoglobulinemia syndrome].

A syndrome of polyneuropathy and cryoglobinemia is reported in a 76-year-old woman. Nerve biopsy showed severe demyelination and vascular involvement was demonstrated in a muscle biopsy. Peripheral neuropathy is discussed in the context of the Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome, associated with cryoglobins in the blood. Prompt treatment of this disease should be initiated and consists mainly of plasmapheresis.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Cardiotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil. Characteristics, mechanism, practical management].

5-fluorouracil is a drug that is widely used in cancerology. Its cardiotoxicity must be known, as it is not exceptional and potentially dangerous. Two cases are reported in which the coronary insufficiency was documented and recurred when 5-fluorouracil was reintroduced. The mechanism of cardiac toxicity seems to be coronary spasm, as shown by exercise tests and the normal results of coronary arteriography. It seems preferable to refrain from using 5-fluorouracil after a recent myocardial infarction or in patients with unstable angina. Reintroduction of the drug is usually followed by recurrence of cardiotoxicity, even under coronary vasodilators.

Coronary Disease↗