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Biomedical subjects

P Merlob

Publications and source records attributed to P Merlob.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Time of separation of the umbilical cord: a comparative study of treatment with alcohol and Rikospray.

The time of cord separation and the umbilical changes post cord falling were studied in 394 infants, 35 to 42 weeks gestation, 1900 to 4500 g birth weight. Two methods of treatment; alcohol 70% with 0.5% chlorhexidine, and Rikospray were compared. The mean +/- SD age of cord separation was 6.36 +/- 2.64 days (range 3-20 days) in all infants studied. The time of cord separation and post fall umbilical complications were similar in the two treated groups. The only point of difference was the repulsive odor in the alcohol-treated group, making handling of the infants very unpleasant.

1-Propanol↗
PubMed1989

Real-time echo-Doppler Duplex Scanner in the evaluation of patients with Poland sequence.

In two neonates with partial Poland sequence, an infant with complete Poland sequence and his mother subclavian artery diameter and its flow velocity waveforms were determined by real-time echo-Doppler Duplex Scanner. These measurements were significantly lower than on the normal side in the same patient. Subclavian hypoplasia appears as a local vascular defect which, in addition to thoracic muscle defects and bone defects of the hand, may be one of the main components of the Poland sequence.

Echocardiography, Doppler↗
PubMed1989

Pathogenesis of hypocalcemia in neonatal polycythemia.

Hypocalcemia (HC) is a frequent complication of neonatal polycythemia (NP): 9.93% in the present study. Its pathogenesis is not clear. We suggest that one of the main pathogenetic explanation of HC in NP is the high level of phosphate significantly different (P less than 0.01) than serum phosphate of normal normocalcemic non-polycythemic newborns. The intense postnatal erythrocyte breakdown will increase the serum level of phosphate. This hyperphosphatemia will decrease calcium ion concentration by their combination and bone deposition, a process allowed by inadequate postnatal parathyroid gland response.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Incidence, possible causes and followup of idiopathic prolonged penile erection in the newborn.

From 1974 to 1988, 4 cases of neonatal idiopathic prolonged penile erection were recorded, for an incidence of 0.15 per thousand or 1 case for 6,673 male newborns. Our first patient was case 7 described in the literature and the first observed in 1 of nonidentical twins. Followup for 2 to 8 years revealed no urogenital problems but a longer period (at least until puberty) is needed. Clinical and etiological aspects of this entity are discussed. Many of the etiological factors cited as possible causes of prolonged erection at this patient age represent only predisposing conditions for the occurrence of penile erection. Because of the spontaneous disappearance of prolonged penile erection, observation rather than surgical or medical management is advocated for the newborn. Only in selected patients should the limit of expectation, and the best time for and type of surgical intervention be established.

Cohort Studies↗
PubMed1989

Transient tachypnoea of the newborn and asthma.

A total of 58 children aged 4-5 years who were diagnosed as having transient tachypnoea of the newborn were studied. In contrast with the control group (n = 58), the infants with transient tachypnoea of the newborn had a significantly higher incidence of recurrent (more than two) episodes of wheezy breathlessness, symptoms consistent with asthma, and signs consistent with atopy.

Asthma↗
PubMed1989

Time trends (1978-86) of anencephaly and spina bifida in four hospitals affiliated with the International Clearinghouse: a warning.

The prevalence and time trends of spina bifida and anencephaly in the central area of Israel have been studied using data derived from four hospitals affiliated with the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Monitoring Systems. Spina bifida rates show a continuous increase from 1978 (1.1/10,000) to 1986 (7.4/10,000) with a peak in 1984 (7-fold increase compared with 1978). The logistic regression analysis of proportion of cases revealed a significant linear trend over time (P less than 0.005). Anencephaly rates increased from 1978 to 1981 but later decreased continuously until 1986 when the prevalence returned to the initial level of 1978. This time trend of spina bifida may represent a real alarm; the implications of this observation are discussed.

Anencephaly↗
PubMed1989

Hyperbilirubinemia and influencing factors in term infants.

The development of jaundice was investigated in 275 consecutive full-term infants and determined longitudinally in each neonate. The mean peak of bilirubin was 7.90 +/- 0.20 mg/dl observed at 64.0 +/- 1.3 h of life. Three factors were found to significantly alter the course of hyperbilirubinemia: first and second bilirubin determinations (at 2 to 4 h and 12 to 24 h, respectively), weight loss and male sex. Increased weight loss was positively correlated with hyperbilirubinemia irrespective of the mode of feeding.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1988

Decreased developmental stability as assessed by fluctuating asymmetry of morphometric traits in preterm infants.

Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) of 8 morphometric traits was studied in 113 preterm infants (26-36 wk of gestation), 103 term infants (37-41 wk), and their respective parents. With 3 different measures of FA, the highest values were obtained from extremely preterm infants (26-29 wk), and the lowest from the group of term infants. The estimates of FA values among parents, particularly mothers, showed a similar, albeit less pronounced, trend. Multiple regression analysis of individual mean FA values, calculated in infants for the 8 studied bilateral traits, documented a significant inverse correlation with gestational age and with the health status of the infants and their mothers, as well as a positive correlation with the mothers' mean FA values.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1988

Some biological and social factors of risk associated with the birth of pre-term infants.

The main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of factors associated with spontaneous pre-term births so that the high risk woman could be identified before or at early stages of pregnancy. For this purpose, we have compared the measurements of 21 anthropometric traits and mean fluctuating asymmetry over 8 bilateral anthropometric traits, as well as age, occupation, education, previous obstetric history, complications during pregnancy, medicines received during and after pregnancy and some others in women who delivered babies of short (26-36 wk, n = 113 ind.) and normal gestational age (n = 103). Diseases and mean fluctuating asymmetry of eight morphological traits in the newborn infants themselves were also studied. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out and these were in agreement, showing a highly significant increase in the morbidity rate (especially of respiratory diseases) among pre-term infants and in complications during pregnancy in their mothers. Among other variables associated with the current pre-term birth were previous spontaneous pre-term births, suggesting their special risk value. The estimate of the sib correlation in gestational age on the liability scale was about 0.63. Spearman and Pearson correlations in gestational age for siblings were 0.34 and 0.31, respectively.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Autosomal dominant isolated ('uncomplicated') microcephaly.

A large family (13 affected members in three generations) is reported in which isolated microcephaly occurred without any other dysmorphic or neurological abnormalities. The family pedigree confirms the autosomal dominant mode of inheritance with incomplete penetrance, including one example of male to male transmission and the occurrence of a non-manifesting heterozygote resulting in a 'skipped generation'. There is considerable variation in the phenotypic expression of autosomal dominant microcephaly. This isolated (uncomplicated) type of microcephaly should be distinguished from other well defined, dominantly inherited forms of microcephaly.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1988

Complete absence of external genitalia in limb-body wall complex: two cases.

Two neonates with limb-body wall complex (LBWC) and complete absence of the external genitalia are presented. Our patients are the sixth and seventh cases of complete absence of the external genitalia recorded in English publications and the first two cases associated with LBWC. The incidence of complete absence of the external genitalia in our newborn population during a period of 12 years (1975 to 1986) was one case per 13 420 births.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗